scholarly journals FODMAPs, but Not Gluten, Affect Symptoms and the Fecal Environment in Subjects With Irritable Bowel Syndrome. A Double Blinded-Randomized Three-Way Crossover Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 601-601
Author(s):  
Elise Nordin ◽  
Carl Brunius ◽  
Johan Dicksved ◽  
Erik Pelve ◽  
Rikard Landberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition ◽  
Modest Effect

Abstract Objectives Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms have been associated with fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) as well as gluten. We aimed to evaluate the effects of provocations with diets rich in such components on IBS symptoms. We further aimed to study effects of FODMAPs and gluten on microbiota and if the microbiota composition was related to the severity of IBS symptoms. Methods A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised three-way crossover design (n = 110) was conducted. From run-in and throughout the study, IBS subjects maintained a diet with minimal FODMAP content and no gluten. Participants were block-randomised to one-week interventions with FODMAPs (50 g/day), gluten (17.3 g/day) or placebo, separated by one week of wash-out. Fecal samples were collected after each study week and analyzed for gut microbiota composition by sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons. IBS symptoms were monitored by the IBS severity scoring system (IBS-SSS). Results In subjects with moderate to severe IBS (n = 103), FODMAPs caused higher total IBS-SSS (mean [SE] = 240 [9]) than placebo (208 [9]; p = 0.00056) or gluten (198 [9]; p = 0.013), but with no difference between gluten and placebo (p = 1.0). Relative abundance of Anaerostipes, Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium were higher after FODMAP compared to placebo. We found no difference in gut microbiota composition between gluten and placebo and no significant correlations between genera and severity of IBS-SSS. Conclusions In subjects with IBS, FODMAPs had an adverse but modest effect on typical IBS symptoms, whereas gluten had no effect. The microbiota composition was affected by the FODMAP but not the gluten intervention, in comparison to placebo. None of these differences were correlated to the severity of symptoms reflected in IBS-SSS, suggesting no apparent link between gut microbiota composition and IBS symptoms following intervention. Funding Sources Formas and the Swedish Research Council.

scholarly journals The Effects of Human Milk Oligosaccharides on Gut Microbiota, Metabolite Profiles and Host Mucosal Response in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 3836
Author(s):  
Cristina Iribarren ◽  
Maria K. Magnusson ◽  
Louise K. Vigsnæs ◽  
Imran Aziz ◽  
Ingvild Dybdrodt Amundsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Bifidobacterium Adolescentis ◽  
Metabolite Profiles ◽  
Mucosal Response ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Plasma Metabolite ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Background: Human milk oligosaccharide supplementation safely modulates fecal bifidobacteria abundance and holds the potential to manage symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Here, we aimed to determine the role of a 4:1 mix of 2′-O-fucosyllactose and lacto-N-neotetraose (2′FL/LNnT) on the modulation of the gut microbiota composition and host mucosal response, as well as the link between the bifidobacteria abundance and metabolite modulation, in IBS patients. Methods: Biological samples were collected from IBS patients (n = 58) at baseline and week 4 post-supplementation with placebo, 5 g or 10 g doses of 2′FL/LNnT. The gut microbiota composition, metabolite profiles and expression of genes related to host mucosal response were determined. Results: Moderate changes in fecal, but not mucosal, microbial composition (β-diversity) was observed during the intervention with higher dissimilarity observed within individuals receiving 10g 2′FL/LNnT compared to placebo. Both fecal and mucosal Bifidobacterium spp. increased after 2′FL/LNnT intake, with increased proportions of Bifidobacterium adolescentis and Bifidobacterium longum. Moreover, the intervention modulated the fecal and plasma metabolite profiles, but not the urine metabolite profile or the host mucosal response. Changes in the metabolite profiles were associated to changes in bifidobacteria abundance. Conclusion: Supplementation with 2′FL/LNnT modulated the gut microbiota, fecal and plasma metabolite profiles, but not the host mucosal response in IBS. Furthermore, the bifidogenic effect was associated with metabolite modulation. Overall, these findings support the assertion that 2′FL/LNnT supplementation modulate the intestinal microenvironment of patients with IBS, potentially related to health.

Gut Microbiota in Health, Diverticular Disease, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Time for Microbial Marker of Gastrointestinal Disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loris Riccardo Lopetuso ◽  
Valentina Petito ◽  
Cristina Graziani ◽  
Elisa Schiavoni ◽  
Francesco Paroni Sterbini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Few data exist on differences in gut microbiota composition among principal gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. We evaluated the differences in gut microbiota composition among uncomplicated diverticular disease (DD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) patients. DD, IBS, and IBD patients along with healthy controls (CT) were enrolled in our Italian GI outpatient clinic. Stool samples were collected. Microbiota composition was evaluated through a metagenomic gene-targeted approach. GI pathology represented a continuous spectrum of diseases where IBD displayed one extreme, while CT displayed the other. Among Phyla, Biplot PC2/PC3 and dendogram plot showed major differences in samples from IBS and IBD. DD resembled species CT composition, but not for Bacteroides fragilis. In IBS, Dialister spp. and then Faecalibacterium prausnitzii were the most representative species. Ulcerative colitis showed a reduced concentration of Clostridium difficile and an increase of Bacteroides fragilis. In Crohn's disease, Parabacteroides distasonis was the most represented, while Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Bacteroides fragilis were significantly reduced. Each disorder has its definite overall microbial signature, which produces a clear differentiation from the others. On the other hand, shared alterations constitute the “core dysbiosis” of GI diseases. The assessment of these microbial markers represents a parameter that may complete the diagnostic assessment.

scholarly journals Probiotics, Symptoms, and Gut Microbiota: What Are the Relations? A Randomized Controlled Trial in Subjects with Irritable Bowel Syndrome

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per G. Farup ◽  
Morten Jacobsen ◽  
Solveig C. Ligaarden ◽  
Knut Rudi
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Introduction. Knowledge of the mechanism of action of probiotics in subjects with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is imperfect. Objective. This trial aimed at discriminating between a direct effect on the gut wall and an indirect effect caused by modulation of the fecal microbiota. Design. Randomized, double-blind, crossover trial. Material and Methods. Patients with IBS were given one capsule of 1010 CFU L. plantarum MF 1298 or placebo once daily. Symptoms were registered (score 0–15) and feces collected at the end of each period. The gut microbiota was analyzed with 16S rRNA gene analyses and results reported as proportions of Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium, and Lachnospiraceae and Simpson’s D diversity score. Results. Sixteen participants (11 women) with a mean age of 50 years (SD 11) were available for the analyses. Intake of L. plantarum MF 1298 was associated with a significant aggravation of symptoms, but neither intake of L. plantarum MF 1298 nor symptoms were associated with the composition of the fecal microbiota (P values >0.10). Conclusions. The trial indicates that the symptomatic aggravation related to intake of L. plantarum MF 1298 was a direct effect of the microbe on the gut wall and not caused by changes in the fecal microbiota.

scholarly journals Gut microbiota composition and functional changes in inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (472) ◽  
pp. eaap8914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnau Vich Vila ◽  
Floris Imhann ◽  
Valerie Collij ◽  
Soesma A. Jankipersadsing ◽  
Thomas Gurry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Changes in the gut microbiota have been associated with two of the most common gastrointestinal diseases, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Here, we performed a case-control analysis using shotgun metagenomic sequencing of stool samples from 1792 individuals with IBD and IBS compared with control individuals in the general population. Despite substantial overlap between the gut microbiome of patients with IBD and IBS compared with control individuals, we were able to use gut microbiota composition differences to distinguish patients with IBD from those with IBS. By combining species-level profiles and strain-level profiles with bacterial growth rates, metabolic functions, antibiotic resistance, and virulence factor analyses, we identified key bacterial species that may be involved in two common gastrointestinal diseases.

scholarly journals Gut microbiota composition and functional prediction in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijun Mei ◽  
Jiaoli Zhou ◽  
Yimo Su ◽  
Kunhong Mao ◽  
Jing Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Functional Prediction ◽  
Function Expression ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Sequence Profiles ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Abstract Background Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is common and difficult to treat and its pathogenesis is closely related to gut microbiota. However, differences in gut microbiota of patients in different regions make it more difficult to elucidate the mechanism of IBS. We performed an analysis of gut microbiota composition and functional prediction in Chinese patients with diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D). Methods Fecal samples were obtained from 30 IBS-D patients and 30 healthy controls (HCs) in Nanchang, China. Using 16S gene sequence profiles, we analyzed the abundance of dominant microbiota at different taxonomy levels. Based on 16S information, Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) was used to predicting the function of gut microbiota. Results Compared to HCs, gut microbiota richness but not diversity was decreased in IBS-D patients. The abundant phyla Firmicutes, Fusobacteria and Actinobacteria decreased significantly, and Proteobacteria increased significantly in IBS-D patients. PICRUSt indicated that function expression of gut microbiota in IBS-D patients was up-regulated in metabolism of cofactors and vitamins, xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism, and down-regulated in environmental adaptation, cell growth and death. Conclusions Compared with the normal population in China, IBS-D patients are characterized by complex and unstable gut microbiota, which may influence inflammation and metabolism of the host.

scholarly journals Gut microbiota composition and functional prediction in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijun Mei ◽  
Jiaoli Zhou ◽  
Yimo Su ◽  
Kunhong Mao ◽  
Jing Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Functional Prediction ◽  
Function Expression ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Sequence Profiles ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Abstract Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is common and difficult to treat and its pathogenesis is closely related to gut mircobiota. However, differences in gut mircobiota of patients in different regions make it more difficult to elucidate the mechanism of IBS. We performed an analysis of gut microbiota composition and functional prediction in Chinese patients with diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D).Methods: Fecal samples were obtained from 30 IBS-D patients and 30 healthy controls (HCs) in Nanchang, China. Using 16S gene sequence profiles, we analyzed the abundance of dominant microbiota at different taxonomy levels. Based on 16S information, Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) was used to predicting the function of gut microbiota.Results: Compared to HCs, gut microbiota richness but not diversity was decreased in IBS-D patients. The abundant phyla Firmicutes, Fusobacteria and Actinobacteria decreased significantly, and Proteobacteria increased significantly in IBS-D patients. PICRUSt indicated that function expression of gut microbiota in IBS-D patients was up-regulated in metabolism of cofactors and vitamins, xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism, and down-regulated in environmental adaptation, cell growth and death.Conclusions: Compared with the normal population in China, IBS-D patients are characterized by complex and unstable gut microbiota, which may influence inflammation and metabolism of the host.

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