2,3-Butanediol in plasma from an alcoholic mistakenly identified as ethylene glycol by gas-chromatographic analysis

1991 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 1453-1455 ◽  
Author(s):  
A W Jones ◽  
L Nilsson ◽  
S A Gladh ◽  
K Karlsson ◽  
J Beck-Friis
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Enzymatic Production ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Elimination Half ◽  
Ethylene Glycol Poisoning ◽  
Incorrect Diagnosis ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Derivatives Of

Abstract 2,3-Butanediol was mistakenly identified as ethylene glycol in plasma specimens from two alcoholic patients. The cyclic phenylboronate ester derivatives of 2,3-butanediol and ethylene glycol had the same retention time when OV-17 was used as the stationary phase for gas chromatography. This led to incorrect diagnosis of ethylene glycol poisoning and unnecessary invasive therapy. Plasma from two chronic alcoholics contained 2,3-butanediol at 3.5 and 3.4 mmol/L. The elimination half-life of 2,3-butanediol was 3.9 days when ethanol was administered during therapy for suspected ethylene glycol poisoning. Low concentrations of 2,3-butanediol might be present in blood of chronic alcoholics as a result of a novel pathway of intermediary metabolism associated with some forms of alcoholism. However, a more likely explanation for fairly high concentrations of 2,3-butanediol is enzymatic production from 2-butanone. This ketone occurs in denatured alcohol preparations often consumed by alcoholics in Sweden.

Two Fatal Cases of Ethylene Glycol Poisoning

1978 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. L. Bowen ◽  
P.S. B. Minty ◽  
A. Sengupta
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Ethylene Glycol Poisoning ◽  
Salient Features ◽  
Serum And Urine

Two cases of self poisoning by ethylene glycol are reported. The salient features of fatal acute ethylene glycol poisoning are mentioned with detailed histological and toxicological findings. Gas chromatographic analysis was used to determine ethylene glycol levels in serum and urine.

INCORPORATION OF INORGANIC P32INTO PHOSPHOLIPIDS OF BRAIN SLICES: EFFECT OF CERTAIN TRANQUILLIZING DRUGS

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 1155-1162 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Magee ◽  
R. J. Rossiter
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Aerobic Glycolysis ◽  
Brain Slices ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Pig Brain ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Guinea Pig Brain

Promazine, promethazine, tetrameprazine, and WY 1172, four tranquillizing drugs that are derivatives of phenothiazine, resembled chlorpromazine in that when they were added in a concentration of 0.1 mM to slices of guinea pig brain respiring in a suitable medium they stimulated the incorporation of inorganic P32into the phospholipids of the slices. With one of the drugs, promethazine, this concentration of 0.1 mM was found to cause no significant increase in respiration, in aerobic glycolysis, or in the concentration of phosphocreatine. In higher concentrations (1.0 mM), all of the compounds inhibited the labelling of phospholipid. Promethazine caused a reduction in respiration and in the concentration of phosphocreatine, accompanied by an increase in aerobic glycolysis. Methylene blue, a derivative of phenothiazine with no reported tranquillizing properties, did not stimulate the labelling of phospholipid in brain slices. Azacyclonol, pipradrol, and mepazine, drugs that are derivatives of piperidine, also stimulated phospholipid labelling in low concentrations and inhibited the labelling at higher concentrations. Piperidine and benzhydrol, the two components from which azacyclonol is derived, did not stimulate phospholipid labelling at the concentration which was most effective for azacyclonol. Low concentrations of benzhydrol, however, caused a slight stimulation. Meprobamate and phenaglycodol, two other compounds with reputed tranquillizing action, had either little or no effect. Most of the substances tested inhibited phospholipid labelling when they were added in sufficiently high concentrations.

Trace Analysis of Phenols in Water by Gas Chromatography

1975 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek A. J. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Lower Limit ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Trace Analysis ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Trimethylsilyl Derivatives ◽  
Derivatives Of

A method for analysis of low concentrations of phenols, cresols, and xylenols in water samples was developed. O-xylene was added to the sample as an internal standard and the sample was extracted once with chloroform to remove a portion of the total organic material present. The trimethylsilyl derivatives of the phenols were formed and analysis completed by gas chromatography. The method was rapid and required a minimum of sample manipulation. The lower limit of detection was 0.100 mg/liter for phenol, 0.025 mg/liter for cresols, and 0.050 mg/liter for xylenols.

New Approach to Derivatization and Gas-Chromatographic Analysis of Barbiturates

1974 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H Greeley
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Soluble Salts ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Gas Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Alkyl Derivatives ◽  
High Resolution Gas Chromatography ◽  
Alkyl Iodides ◽  
Derivatives Of

Abstract A recently developed procedure for alkylation of organic acids has proven extremely successful for preparation of volatile alkyl derivatives of the barbiturates for gas-chromatographic analysis. Soluble salts are formed in a mixture of N,N-dimethylacetamide and methanol. These in turn react rapidly with alkyl iodides to form the corresponding alkyl derivatives. The butyl derivatives of barbiturates, prepared in this manner, are separable by high-resolution gas-chromatography. Any of 14 barbiturates can be determined simultaneously or separately (although there is some overlap with certain uncommon barbiturates). The butyl derivatives of several barbiturates that are unresolved in the form of underived compounds or methyl esters can be resolved, thus overcoming many previous analytical limitations.

INCORPORATION OF INORGANIC P32INTO PHOSPHOLIPIDS OF BRAIN SLICES: EFFECT OF CERTAIN TRANQUILLIZING DRUGS

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 1155-1162 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Magee ◽  
R. J. Rossiter
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Aerobic Glycolysis ◽  
Brain Slices ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Pig Brain ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Guinea Pig Brain

Promazine, promethazine, tetrameprazine, and WY 1172, four tranquillizing drugs that are derivatives of phenothiazine, resembled chlorpromazine in that when they were added in a concentration of 0.1 mM to slices of guinea pig brain respiring in a suitable medium they stimulated the incorporation of inorganic P32into the phospholipids of the slices. With one of the drugs, promethazine, this concentration of 0.1 mM was found to cause no significant increase in respiration, in aerobic glycolysis, or in the concentration of phosphocreatine. In higher concentrations (1.0 mM), all of the compounds inhibited the labelling of phospholipid. Promethazine caused a reduction in respiration and in the concentration of phosphocreatine, accompanied by an increase in aerobic glycolysis. Methylene blue, a derivative of phenothiazine with no reported tranquillizing properties, did not stimulate the labelling of phospholipid in brain slices. Azacyclonol, pipradrol, and mepazine, drugs that are derivatives of piperidine, also stimulated phospholipid labelling in low concentrations and inhibited the labelling at higher concentrations. Piperidine and benzhydrol, the two components from which azacyclonol is derived, did not stimulate phospholipid labelling at the concentration which was most effective for azacyclonol. Low concentrations of benzhydrol, however, caused a slight stimulation. Meprobamate and phenaglycodol, two other compounds with reputed tranquillizing action, had either little or no effect. Most of the substances tested inhibited phospholipid labelling when they were added in sufficiently high concentrations.

Membranotropic activity of taurine derivatives

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr D. Shabanov ◽  
Ludmila K. Khnychenko
Keyword(s):  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Lymnaea Stagnalis ◽  
Calcium Influx ◽  
Ionic Currents ◽  
Isolated Neurons ◽  
Excitable Cells ◽  
Potassium Efflux ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Derivatives Of

The aim of the work. To evaluate the effect of n-phenylalkyl derivatives of taurine on changes in transmembrane ion currents of potential-controlled ion channels of isolated neurons. Materials and methods. The method of intracellular dialysis and fixation of membrane potential on isolated neurons of the great pond truncatula (Lymnaea stagnalis) and hornbill (Planorbarius corneus) was used. The n-phenylalkyl derivatives of taurine (1-phenyl-2-isopropylaminoethanesulfonic acid; benzylaminoethane sulfonic acid isopropylamide; phenethylaminoethane sulfonic acid isopropylamide) or the comparison drug taurine was dissolved in external solutions and studied at concentrations of 1, 10, 100 and 1000 M. Results. The results demonstrate that n-phenilalkyl derivatives of taurine in low concentrations (1; 10 M) have a modulating effect on electrically excitable cells, and in high concentrations (100; 1000 M) reduce the sodium-calcium influx and potassium efflux ionic currents, have a channel blocking effect. Conclusion. N-phenylalkyl derivatives of taurine reduces the excitability of cells contribute to the suppression of synaptic potentials, ion gradients of the cells.

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