scholarly journals West Nile Virus Devastates an American Crow Population

The Condor ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolee Caffrey ◽  
Shauna C. R. Smith ◽  
Tiffany J. Weston

Abstract In its spread west across North America in 2002, West Nile virus (WNV) reached a population of marked American Crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos) in Stillwater, Oklahoma, in late summer. Within two months, 46 of 120 individuals were missing or known to be dead, 39 of which (33% of the population) are estimated to have died for WNV-related reasons. In 2003, 56 of 78 marked crows disappeared or were found dead between June and November. Five of the 28 juvenile losses were possibly unrelated to WNV, thus we estimate that 65% of our population died because of this pathogen in 2003. The total loss of 72% of population members, including 82% of juveniles, in a single year of WNV exposure raises concern for precipitous declines in American Crow populations in coming years. El Virus del Nilo Occidental Devasta una Población de Corvus brachyrhynchos Resumen. En su diseminación hacia el oeste de América del Norte durante 2002, el Virus del Nilo Occidental alcanzó a fines del verano una población marcada de Corvus brachyrhynchos en Stillwater, Oklahoma. En menos de dos meses, 46 de los 120 individuos registrados desaparecieron o murieron, 39 de los cuales (33% de la población) estimamos que murieron por causas relacionadas con el virus. En 2003, 56 de los 78 cuervos marcados desaparecieron o fueron encontrados muertos entre junio y noviembre. Cinco de las 28 pérdidas de juveniles posiblemente no estuvieron relacionadas con el virus, por lo que estimamos que el 65% de nuestra población murió a causa de este patógeno en 2003. La pérdida total del 72% de los miembros de la población, incluyendo el 82% de los juveniles, en un solo año de exposición al virus plantea preocupaciones en cuanto a la posibilidad de una disminución precipitada de las poblaciones de C. brachyrhynchos en los próximos años.

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 1320-1329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie M. Lim ◽  
Aaron C. Brault ◽  
Geert van Amerongen ◽  
Varsha D. Sewbalaksing ◽  
Albert D. M. E. Osterhaus ◽  
...  

Mass bird mortality has been observed in North America after the introduction of West Nile virus (WNV), most notably massive die-offs of American crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos). In contrast, WNV epidemic activity in Europe has been characterized by very low incidences of bird mortality. As the general susceptibility of European corvids to strains of WNV remains in question, European jackdaws (Corvus monedula) were inoculated with WNV strains circulating currently in Greece (Greece-10), Italy (FIN and Ita09) and Hungary (578/10), as well as a North American (NY99) genotype with a demonstrated corvid virulence phenotype. Infection with all strains except WNV-FIN resulted in mortality. Viraemia was observed for birds inoculated with all strains and virus was detected in a series of organs upon necropsy. These results suggested that jackdaws could potentially function as a sentinel for following WNV transmission in Europe; however, elicited viraemia levels might be too low to allow for efficient transmission of virus to mosquitoes.


2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. e6-e6
Author(s):  
Michel L. Bunning ◽  
Patricia E. Fox ◽  
Richard A. Bowen ◽  
Nicholas Komar ◽  
Gwong-Jen J. Chang ◽  
...  

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah S. Wheeler ◽  
Leslie W. Woods ◽  
Walter M. Boyce ◽  
Christina D. Eckstrand ◽  
Stanley A. Langevin ◽  
...  

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Miller ◽  
Andrea K. Townsend ◽  
Kevin J. McGowan ◽  
Anne B. Clark ◽  
Amy L. Glaser ◽  
...  

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin R. Wilcox ◽  
Michael J. Yabsley ◽  
Angela E. Ellis ◽  
David E. Stallknecht ◽  
Samantha E. J. Gibbs

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