scholarly journals Mitochondrial DNA Variation, Species Limits, and Rapid Evolution of Plumage Coloration and Size in the Savannah Sparrow

The Condor ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Zink ◽  
James D. Rising ◽  
Steve Mockford ◽  
Andrew G. Horn ◽  
Jonathan M. Wright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
San Diego ◽  
Baja California ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Plumage Coloration ◽  
Phylogeographic Structure ◽  
Species Status ◽  
Passerculus Sandwichensis ◽  
Savannah Sparrows

Abstract We compared sequences from two mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genes (ND2, ND3) in Savannah Sparrows (Passerculus sandwichensis; n = 112) sampled from Baja California (five sites), coastal Sonora and the continental range (eight sites). Populations from Baja California, San Diego and Sonora formed a clade within which there was no phylogeographic structure; this clade merits species status (Passerculus rostratus). The other clade, consisting of phenotypically “typical” savannah sparrows, should be classified as P. sandwichensis. Among the typical sparrows, there was no phylogeographic structure, although two major clades were discovered. Representatives of each of the two main clades occurred at most sampling localities, excluding Suisan Bay, California and Sable Island, Nova Scotia, Canada. Haplotypes found on Sable Island, representing the “Ipswich Sparrow,” were not distinctive, thereby failing to support species status for this taxon. On Isla San Benito, a single haplotype was found, which also occurred in other Mexican localities. The results for Sable Island and Isla San Benito show that size and plumage coloration can evolve rapidly. Variación en ADN Mitocondrial, Límites entre Especies y Evolución Rápida de la Coloración del Plumaje y el Tamaño en Passerculus sandwichensis Resumen. En este estudio comparamos secuencias de dos genes mitocondriales (ND2 y ND3) entre individuos de la especie Passerculus sandwichensis (n = 112) muestreados en Baja California (5 sitios), la costa de Sonora y el rango de distribución continental (8 sitios). Las poblaciones de Baja California, San Diego y Sonora formaron un clado, al interior del cual no existió estructura filogeográfica; este clado merece estatus de especie (Passerculus rostratus). El otro clado, conformado por individuos fenotípicamente “típicos”, debe clasificarse como P. sandwichensis. Entre los individuos típicos no existió estructura filogeográfica, aunque se descubrieron dos clados principales. Individuos representativos de cada uno de estos dos clados se encontraron en la mayoría de las localidades, excepto Suisan Bay, California y Sable Island, Nova Scotia. Los haplotipos encontrados en Sable Island, correspondientes al “gorrión de Ipswich” no fueron distintivos, lo que no apoya el estatus de especie para este taxón. En Isla San Benito se encontró un solo halpotipo, el cual también se encontraba en otras localidades mexicanas. Los resultados de Sable Island e Isla San Benito muestran que el tamaño y la coloración del plumaje pueden evolucionar rápidamente.

MITOCHONDRIAL DNA VARIATION, SPECIES LIMITS, AND RAPID EVOLUTION OF PLUMAGE COLORATION AND SIZE IN THE SAVANNAH SPARROW

The Condor ◽  
10.1650/7550 ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Zink ◽  
James D. Rising ◽  
Steve Mockford ◽  
Andrew G. Horn ◽  
Jonathan M. Wright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Plumage Coloration ◽  
Species Limits ◽  
Dna Variation ◽  
Savannah Sparrow

scholarly journals Prevalence and Correlates of Heroin–Methamphetamine Co-Injection Among Persons Who Inject Drugs in San Diego, California, and Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico

2016 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 774-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meredith C. Meacham ◽  
Steffanie A. Strathdee ◽  
Gudelia Rangel ◽  
Richard F. Armenta ◽  
Tommi L. Gaines ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
San Diego ◽  
Baja California ◽  
Persons Who Inject Drugs

Species delimitation in the leaf beetle genus Macroplea (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) based on mitochondrial DNA, and phylogeographic considerations

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregor Kölsch ◽  
Bo Vest Pedersen ◽  
Olof Biström
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Leaf Beetle ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Amino Acid Substitutions ◽  
Species Status ◽  
Leaf Beetles ◽  
Gene Coding

AbstractThe genus Macroplea Samouelle, 1819 is a group of highly specialized aquatic leaf beetles occurring in the Palaearctic. Since the members of this genus are morphologically very similar, we addressed the question of species identification and delimitation by analysing the second half of the mitochondrial gene coding for the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) subunit. Species limits are inferred from the multimodal frequency distribution of genetic distances between specimens: low genetic distances within a species are clearly set apart from distances between species. The species status of the hitherto controversial species M. japana (Jacoby, 1885) is confirmed. The pattern of nucleotide and amino acid substitutions is discussed in the light of functional domains of the COI molecule. Although the data are preliminary, the results provide new data on the distribution of the species. Together with the phylogenetic analysis they allow for a discussion of the phylogeography of the genus.

scholarly journals Gestión ambiental transfronteriza para la generación eléctrica en la región California, Estados Unidos-Baja California, México

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (37) ◽  
Author(s):  
Efraín Carlos Nieblas Ortiz ◽  
Margarito Quintero Núñez
Keyword(s):  
San Diego ◽  
Baja California

El estado de Baja California (BC) puede convertirse en el sitio preferido para el arribo de más inversiones en el rubro de generación eléctrica. Lo que favorecería este escenario es una mayor laxitud de la normatividad y los procedimientos ambientales de México, respecto a los de Estados Unidos. Tanto en San Diego-Tijuana como en Imperial-Mexicali, se observan problemas de incumplimiento de las normas de calidad del aire propuestas por ambos gobiernos federales. aquí se sugiere el establecimiento de un mecanismo binacional de administración de las cuencas atmosféricas compartidas, que defina un procedimiento de evaluación ambiental estratégica y transfronteriza, para permitir la instalación de industrias nuevas sin que representen un aumento en el volumen de emisiones, y mayor degradación de la calidad del aire.

scholarly journals Species Limits and Recent Population History in the Curve-Billed Thrasher

The Condor ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 881-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Zink ◽  
Rachelle C. Blackwell-Rago
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Sonoran Desert ◽  
Population History ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Species Status ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Southern Group ◽  
The Third

Abstract We surveyed 1,115 base pairs of mitochondrial DNA sequence from three gene regions in 66 Curve-billed Thrashers (Toxostoma curvirostre) taken from throughout their range. We found that populations sorted unambiguously into three groups. Two of these groups, the Curvirostre and Palmeri groups, have been known for many years because of their distinctive phenotypic characteristics, and their status was recently confirmed with an intensive morphometric analysis. The third (southern) group consists of populations in Puebla and Oaxaca, Mexico. The strong morphological and mtDNA distinctiveness of the Curvirostre and Palmeri groups suggests that they warrant species status. We recommend that more specimens of the southern group be obtained prior to formal taxonomic recognition of this form. Coalescence analyses suggest that the Curvirostre group has undergone a recent population increase, whereas the Palmeri group seems to have been more stable in its Sonoran Desert range.

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