scholarly journals Macrophage migration inhibitory factor triggers vascular smooth muscle cell dedifferentiation by a p68-serum response factor axis

2017 ◽  
Vol 113 (5) ◽  
pp. 519-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Fan ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Cai-Yu Chen ◽  
Ying-Bin Xiao ◽  
Laureano D. Asico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cell ◽  
Migration Inhibitory Factor ◽  
Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor ◽  
Serum Response Factor ◽  
Response Factor ◽  
Macrophage Migration ◽  
Cell Dedifferentiation ◽  
Serum Response

scholarly journals Four isoforms of serum response factor that increase or inhibit smooth-muscle-specific promoter activity

2000 ◽  
Vol 345 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul R. KEMP ◽  
James C. METCALFE
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽  
Serum Response Factor ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Dominant Negative ◽  
C2c12 Cells ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Response Factor ◽  
Transactivation Domain ◽  
Serum Response

Serum response factor (SRF) is a key transcriptional activator of the c-fos gene and of muscle-specific gene expression. We have identified four forms of the SRF coding sequence, SRF-L (the previously identified form), SRF-M, SRF-S and SRF-I, that are produced by alternative splicing. The new forms of SRF lack regions of the C-terminal transactivation domain by splicing out of exon 5 (SRF-M), exons 4 and 5 (SRF-S) and exons 3, 4 and 5 (SRF-I). SRF-M is expressed at similar levels to SRF-L in differentiated vascular smooth-muscle cells and skeletal-muscle cells, whereas SRF-L is the predominant form in many other tissues. SRF-S expression is restricted to vascular smooth muscle and SRF-I expression is restricted to the embryo. Transfection of SRF-L and SRF-M into C2C12 cells showed that both forms are transactivators of the promoter of the smooth-muscle-specific gene SM22α, whereas SRF-I acted as a dominant negative form of SRF.

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