Efficiency of Trissolcus basalis (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) as an Egg Parasitoid of Nezara viridula (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) in Central Italy

1995 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1703-1707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Colazza ◽  
Ferdinando Bin
Keyword(s):  
Central Italy ◽  
Egg Parasitoid ◽  
Nezara Viridula ◽  
Trissolcus Basalis ◽  
Heteroptera Pentatomidae

The control of Nezara viridula L. with introduced egg parasitoids in Australia. A review of a 'landmark' example of classical biological control

1990 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1127 ◽  
Author(s):  
AR Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Classical Biological Control ◽  
Egg Parasitoid ◽  
Egg Parasitoids ◽  
Nezara Viridula ◽  
Trissolcus Basalis ◽  
Specific Identification ◽  
History Of ◽  
Material Information

The history of Nezara viridula egg parasitoid introductions into Australia is critically reviewed. Using largely unpublished file material information is presented on the source of parasitoids, specific identification of parasitoids, numbers of parasitoids reared and released, and establishment and effects in the field. At least four species of egg parasitoids, in three genera, have been introduced and liberated into Australia since biological control efforts were first begun in 1933. There are records of 11 introductions involving Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston) (Egypt 1933; West Indies 1952-53; South Africa 1980; Brazil 1980; U.S.A. 1979-8 l), Trissolcus mitsukurii (Ashmead) (Japan l962), Ooencyrtus submetallicus (Howard) (West Indies 1952-53), and Telenomus chloropus (Thomson) (Japan 1962; Japan via U.S.A. 1980). Doubt is cast on the specific status of introductions from Italy (1956) and Pakistan (1 961), which are recorded in the literature as T, basalis. Evidence is presented that there is currently not enough information available to determine the specific classifications of these importations. Three programs in which Australian field populations of Trissolcus were bred and released elsewhere in Australia are also recorded. Post-release evaluation of introduced N. viridula egg parasitoids in Australia is reviewed. It is proposed that there is only circumstantial evidence to support the claim that N. viridula is under 'good' biological control by T. basalis in Australia. Areas of investigation that are of the most significance to current workers in N. viridula biological control are highlighted in the discussion.

Effects of Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) on Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), a Parasitoid of Nezara viridula (L.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mumuni Abudulai ◽  
B. Merle Shepard
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Egg Parasitoid ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Nezara Viridula ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Trissolcus Basalis ◽  
Choice Tests ◽  
Parasitoid Development ◽  
And Control

The effects of neem (Azadirachtin indica A. Juss) on Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston), an egg parasitoid of Nezara viridula (L.), were assessed in the laboratory and in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walpers). Treatment of N. viridula eggs with 0.5% (225 ppm azadirachtin) aqueous solution of neem had no effect on parasitization by T. basalis, using both choice and no-choice tests. Parasitoid development and emergence from host eggs treated before or after parasitization also were not affected by neem compared with controls. Additionally, neem did not affect longevity of adult parasitoids from treated eggs or the reproductive activity of females compared with controls. In a field choice test using treated and control eggs, parasitism levels were similar. Also, parasitism of eggs was similar in treated and control cowpea plots. These results suggest that neem may be safe to parasitoids of N. viridula and could be an important component of an integrated pest management program in cowpea.

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