Synchronous Occurrences of the Diamondback Moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) and its Parasitoid Wasp Cotesia vestalis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in Greenhouses in a Satoyama Area

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junichiro Abe ◽  
Masayoshi Uefune ◽  
Kinuyo Yoneya ◽  
Kaori Shiojiri ◽  
Junji Takabayashi
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Cotesia Vestalis ◽  
Rorippa Indica ◽  
Laboratory Conditions

Abstract We characterized the correlation between the occurrences of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.), larvae and their dominant native parasitoid wasp, Cotesia vestalis (Haliday), in commercial greenhouses in a satoyama area, called Miyama, in Kyoto, Japan. In the three greenhouses used in this study, cruciferous ‘mizuna’ (Brassica rapa var. laciniifolia [Brassicales: Brassicaceae]) crops were grown. Pesticides against diamondback moth were not routinely applied in the greenhouses. We confirmed that populations of diamondback moth and C. vestalis were maintained on the wild crucifer plant Rorippa indica in the surrounding area from March to December. In the greenhouses, we observed several occurrences of diamondback moth larvae that were, in most cases, followed by occurrences of C. vestalis. We found that C. vestalis females were attracted by volatiles emitted from mizuna plants that were lightly infested with second-stadium diamondback moth larvae under laboratory conditions. The synchronous appearance of diamondback moth larvae and C. vestalis could be explained by the latter being attracted by the volatiles emitted from mizuna plants infested by diamondback moth larvae in the greenhouses.

scholarly journals Seasonal occurrence of diamondback moths Plutella xylostella and their parasitoid wasps Cotesia vestalis in greenhouses and their surrounding areas

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junichiro Abe ◽  
Masayoshi Uefune ◽  
Kinuyo Yoneya ◽  
Kaori Shiojiri ◽  
Junji Takabayashi
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Plant Volatiles ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Seasonal Occurrence ◽  
Parasitoid Wasps ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Cotesia Vestalis ◽  
Induced Plant Volatiles ◽  
Surrounding Areas

AbstractWe observed the seasonal occurrence of diamondback moth (DBM) larvae, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), and their native parasitoid wasps, Cotesia vestalis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), on mizuna plants, Brassica rapa var. laciniifolia (Brassicales: Brassicaceae), in three commercial greenhouses and on wild cruciferous weeds, Rorippa indica (Brassicales: Brassicaceae), in the surrounding area in the Miyama countryside in Kyoto, Japan. The occurrences of DBM larvae in greenhouses followed their occurrence in the surrounding area: however, some occurrences of DBM in greenhouses took place when the DBM population in the surrounding was rather low. This suggests that the occurrence of DBM in greenhouses cannot always be explained by its seasonal occurrence in the surrounding areas. The occurrence of C. vestalis followed that of DBM larvae in mizuna greenhouses and in the surrounding areas. No C. vestalis were recorded in greenhouses when DBM was not present. Cotesia vestalis females preferred volatiles emitted from DBM-infested mizuna plants to those from uninfested conspecifics under laboratory conditions. Natural HIPVs (herbivory-induced plant volatiles) emitted from DBM-infested mizuna plants in greenhouses probably attracted C. vestalis from the surrounding area to cause their co-occurrence.

scholarly journals Parasitism of diamondback moth Plutella xylostella by the solitary parasitoid wasp Cotesia vestalis in Samoa

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hau’ofa Siasau ◽  
Rashmi Kant
Keyword(s):  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Parasitism Rate ◽  
Cotesia Vestalis ◽  
Light Yellow ◽  
Control Options ◽  
Solitary Parasitoid ◽  
Major Pest

Plutella xylostella is a major pest of crucifier crops in Samoa and other Pacific islands. This pest has developed resistance to most insecticides available in the island nations so the objective of this study was to examine potential biological control options for P. xylostella in Samoa. Existing parasitism of P. xylostella on Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa subspp.) was investigated at a farm in Alesia and at the USP farm in Alafua, and established populations of Cotesia vestalis were found at both locations. Plutella xylostella larvae turn light yellow and show sluggish behaviour after parasitism, and they could be easily differentiated from unparasitised ones. Developing C. vestalis larvae emerge from their hosts and spin white cocoon around their body. After 5–6 days, a single adult emerges from the C. vestalis cocoon. The average parasitism rate between April 2015 and March 2016 was 10–18% but was significantly higher at the USP farm than the Alesia farm. This result could be because no insecticides were applied to the crops at USP. Parasitism was highest between June and August when the lowest average daily temperatures occur.

A food-supply device for maintaining Cotesia vestalis, a larval parasitoid of the diamondback moth Plutella xylostella, in greenhouses

BioControl ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 681-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Shimoda ◽  
Takayuki Mitsunaga ◽  
Masayoshi Uefune ◽  
Junichiro Abe ◽  
Soichi Kugimiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Cotesia Vestalis ◽  
Larval Parasitoid

scholarly journals Locomotor response of diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) populations to a neurotoxic insecticide under laboratory conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Gomes da Silva Filho ◽  
Iuri Andrade de Melo ◽  
Mateus Felipe Barbosa dos Santos ◽  
Lucas Felipe Prohmann Tschoeke ◽  
Cícero Luiz Franco Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Behavioral Pattern ◽  
Exposure Concentration ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Laboratory Populations ◽  
Behavioral Parameters ◽  
Insecticide Concentration ◽  
Rest Time

ABSTRACT: The present study aimed to evaluate changes in the locomotor activity of diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) populations exposed to surfaces treated with the insecticide chlorantraniliprole under laboratory conditions. Diamondback moth populations from municipalities incorrectly using the insecticide [Camocim de São Félix, PE (CSF); Sairé, PE (SR); and Lajedo, PE (LJ)] and two laboratory populations from Recife, PE (RCF), and Viçosa, MG (VÇS) were exposed to dry insecticide residues in increasing concentrations. The following behavioral parameters of the populations were analyzed: walking time (WT), mean walking speed (MWS), and rest time (RT). Regarding RT, the SR and CSF populations demonstrated a behavior of irritability and increased WT with increased exposure concentration. The RCF population presented a contrasting response. The MWS values in the SR and CSF populations showed a decreasing trend with increased exposure concentration. The LJ and RCF populations showed no changes in terms of MWS. The RT values in the SR population decreased with increased insecticide concentration. In general, the SR and CSF populations presented a behavioral pattern different from that of laboratory populations. The changes in locomotor activity observed may result in lower control efficacy of the insecticide due to repellency or escape of insects. Regarding the effect of insecticide concentrations used in the populations, a defined pattern was not observed, and the effect alternated between an increase, a decrease, and an undefined pattern for the variables studied.

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