Diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.), feeding and oviposition preferences on glossy and waxy Brassica rapa (L.) lines

2002 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Ulmer ◽  
C Gillott ◽  
D Woods ◽  
M Erlandson
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Oviposition Preferences

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen Source on Pac Choi (Brassica rapa L.) Chemistry and Interactions with the Diamondback Moth (Plutella xylostella L.)

HortScience ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 1457-1465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy A. Johnson ◽  
Raymond A. Cloyd ◽  
James R. Nechols ◽  
Kimberly A. Williams ◽  
Nathan O. Nelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Secondary Compounds ◽  
Fertility Treatment ◽  
Primary And Secondary Metabolism ◽  
Fitness Parameters ◽  
Pac Choi

Two greenhouse studies were conducted to examine effects of nitrogen source on primary and secondary metabolism of pac choi (Brassica rapa L. subsp. chinensis cv. Mei Qing Choi) and diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella L.) consumption, development, survival, and body weight. Applications of a liquid organic source of nitrogen (fish hydrolysate fertilizer) were compared with a conventional fertilizer to determine whether nitrogen source directly impacts pac choi chemistry (elemental composition and phenolics) and biomass and indirectly affects diamondback moth fitness parameters. There was no significant effect of fertility treatment on pac choi chemistry or biomass with the exception of percent leaf phosphorus, which was significantly higher in the conventional fertility treatment, and p-coumarin, which was significantly higher in the organic fertility treatment. Diamondback moth also affected plant chemistry. Both calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) were significantly higher in plants infested with larvae compared with uninfested plants. Fertilizer affected diamondback moth fitness with percent survival and cohort development significantly reduced on pac choi associated with the organic fertilizer. However, pac choi receiving the organic treatment was similar in regard to primary nutrients and secondary compounds compared with plants that received a conventional fertilizer.

Synchronous Occurrences of the Diamondback Moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) and its Parasitoid Wasp Cotesia vestalis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in Greenhouses in a Satoyama Area

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junichiro Abe ◽  
Masayoshi Uefune ◽  
Kinuyo Yoneya ◽  
Kaori Shiojiri ◽  
Junji Takabayashi
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Cotesia Vestalis ◽  
Rorippa Indica ◽  
Laboratory Conditions

Abstract We characterized the correlation between the occurrences of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.), larvae and their dominant native parasitoid wasp, Cotesia vestalis (Haliday), in commercial greenhouses in a satoyama area, called Miyama, in Kyoto, Japan. In the three greenhouses used in this study, cruciferous ‘mizuna’ (Brassica rapa var. laciniifolia [Brassicales: Brassicaceae]) crops were grown. Pesticides against diamondback moth were not routinely applied in the greenhouses. We confirmed that populations of diamondback moth and C. vestalis were maintained on the wild crucifer plant Rorippa indica in the surrounding area from March to December. In the greenhouses, we observed several occurrences of diamondback moth larvae that were, in most cases, followed by occurrences of C. vestalis. We found that C. vestalis females were attracted by volatiles emitted from mizuna plants that were lightly infested with second-stadium diamondback moth larvae under laboratory conditions. The synchronous appearance of diamondback moth larvae and C. vestalis could be explained by the latter being attracted by the volatiles emitted from mizuna plants infested by diamondback moth larvae in the greenhouses.

scholarly journals Seasonal occurrence of diamondback moths Plutella xylostella and their parasitoid wasps Cotesia vestalis in greenhouses and their surrounding areas

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junichiro Abe ◽  
Masayoshi Uefune ◽  
Kinuyo Yoneya ◽  
Kaori Shiojiri ◽  
Junji Takabayashi
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Plant Volatiles ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Seasonal Occurrence ◽  
Parasitoid Wasps ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Cotesia Vestalis ◽  
Induced Plant Volatiles ◽  
Surrounding Areas

AbstractWe observed the seasonal occurrence of diamondback moth (DBM) larvae, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), and their native parasitoid wasps, Cotesia vestalis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), on mizuna plants, Brassica rapa var. laciniifolia (Brassicales: Brassicaceae), in three commercial greenhouses and on wild cruciferous weeds, Rorippa indica (Brassicales: Brassicaceae), in the surrounding area in the Miyama countryside in Kyoto, Japan. The occurrences of DBM larvae in greenhouses followed their occurrence in the surrounding area: however, some occurrences of DBM in greenhouses took place when the DBM population in the surrounding was rather low. This suggests that the occurrence of DBM in greenhouses cannot always be explained by its seasonal occurrence in the surrounding areas. The occurrence of C. vestalis followed that of DBM larvae in mizuna greenhouses and in the surrounding areas. No C. vestalis were recorded in greenhouses when DBM was not present. Cotesia vestalis females preferred volatiles emitted from DBM-infested mizuna plants to those from uninfested conspecifics under laboratory conditions. Natural HIPVs (herbivory-induced plant volatiles) emitted from DBM-infested mizuna plants in greenhouses probably attracted C. vestalis from the surrounding area to cause their co-occurrence.

EVIDENCE FOR SUCCESSFUL OVERWINTERING OF DIAMONDBACK MOTH, PLUTELLA XYLOSTELLA (L.) (LEPIDOPTERA: PLUTELLIDAE), IN ALBERTA

1994 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lloyd M. Dosdall
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Feeding Sites ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Significant Yield

Diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.), commonly occurs at relatively low population densities in areas of canola (oilseed rapes, Brassica rapa L. and Brassica napus L.) production in western Canada, but occasionally can reach outbreak densities (Madder and Stemeroff 1988). The most severe outbreak of P. xylostella in recent years occurred in Alberta and Saskatchewan in 1985 when approximately 467 860 ha were treated with insecticide, at a cost of approximately $11.9 million (Madder and Stemeroff 1988).Damage to canola is the result of larval feeding. Leaves are the preferred feeding sites, and plants can withstand substantial damage before yield is affected (Philip and Mengersen 1989). However, late in the season when the leaves become senescent, larvae feed on pods and this can result in significant yield reductions. Plutella xylostella is multivoltine, capable of completing at least three generations per year in Alberta (Philip and Mengersen 1989), and four to five in Ontario (Harcourt 1986).

Effects of rhizobacteria on the biology and behavior of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Robson Thomaz Thuler ◽  
Fernando Henrique Iost Filho ◽  
Hamilton César De Oliveira Charlo ◽  
Sergio Antônio De Bortoli
Keyword(s):  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Insect Behavior ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Pupal Weight ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Plant Feeding ◽  
Kluyvera Ascorbata ◽  
And Behavior

Plant induced resistance is a tool for integrated pest management, aimed at increasing plant defense against stress, which is compatible with other techniques. Rhizobacteria act in the plant through metabolic changes and may have direct effects on plant-feeding insects. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of cabbage plants inoculated with rhizobacteria on the biology and behavior of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Cabbage seeds inoculated with 12 rhizobacteria strains were sowed in polystyrene trays and later transplanted into the greenhouse. The cabbage plants with sufficient size to support stress were then infested with diamondback moth caterpillars. Later, healthy leaves suffering injuries were collected and taken to the laboratory to feed P. xylostella second instar caterpillars that were evaluated for larval and pupal viability and duration, pupal weight, and sex ratio. The reduction of leaf area was then calculated as a measure of the amount of larval feeding. Non-preference for feeding and oviposition assays were also performed, by comparing the control treatment and plants inoculated with different rhizobacterial strains. Plants inoculated with the strains EN4 of Kluyvera ascorbata and HPF14 of Bacillus thuringiensis negatively affected the biological characteristics of P. xylostella when such traits were evaluated together, without directly affecting the insect behavior.

Mutation of P‐element somatic inhibitor induces male sterility in the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaohui Wang ◽  
Xia Xu ◽  
Xi’en Chen ◽  
Xiaowei Li ◽  
Honglun Bi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
P Element

scholarly journals On the virulence of the entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae (Ascomycota: Hypocreales), against the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shehzad ◽  
Muhammad Tariq ◽  
Tariq Mukhtar ◽  
Asim Gulzar
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Offspring Sex Ratio ◽  
Development Of Resistance

Abstract Background The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is a noxious pest of cruciferous crops all over the world causing serious economic damage. Management of insect pest generally depends on chemical control; however, due to development of resistance against all types of insecticides, alternative approaches especially utilization of a microbial agent is inevitable. Results Potential of 2 entomopathogenic fungi (EPF), viz., Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae, was evaluated against 2nd and 3rd larval instars of P. xylostella by adopting leaf dip and direct spraying methods under laboratory conditions. Significant mortality rate was achieved by each fungus under adopted methodologies. However, B. bassiana was found to be more effective in both conditions than M. anisopliae. Highest mean corrected mortality (77.80%) was recorded, when spores of B. bassiana were sprayed on the 2nd instar larvae (LC50=1.78×104/ml) after the 6th day of treatment. Similarly, incase of M. anisopliae LC50 for the 2nd instar at the same methodology was 2.78×104/ml with a mortality percentage of 70.0%. Offspring sex ratio was non-significantly related to treatment concentration and methodology, except for the control. Conclusion Beauveria bassiana and M. anisopliae had potential to suppress P. xylostella infestations when applied appropriately. Present findings suggested that B. bassiana and M. anisopliae when sprayed on immatures of host insect had more effect as compared to leaf dip procedure. Furthermore, no significant effect of concentrations was observed on sex ratio.

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