scholarly journals What is the Price of Tea in China? Goods Prices and Availability in Chinese Cities

2020 ◽  
Vol 130 (632) ◽  
pp. 2438-2467
Author(s):  
Robert C Feenstra ◽  
Mingzhi Xu ◽  
Alexis Antoniades
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Consumer Goods ◽  
The United States ◽  
City Size ◽  
Competitive Effect ◽  
Chinese Cities ◽  
Price Indexes

Abstract We examine the price and variety of a sample of consumer goods at the barcode level in cities within China. Unlike the position in the United States, in China the prices of goods tend to be lower in larger cities. We explain that difference between the countries by the more uneven spatial distribution of manufacturers’ sales and retailers in China, and we confirm the pro-competitive effect of city size on reducing markups there. In both countries, there is a greater variety of goods in larger cities, but that effect is more pronounced in China. Combining the lower prices and greater variety, the price indexes in China for the goods we study fall with city size by around seven times more than in the United States.

scholarly journals Measuring the spatial distribution of health rankings in the United States

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Will Davis ◽  
Alexander Gordan ◽  
Rusty Tchernis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
The United States

The Impact of Regional Differences in Prices and Wages on Economic Growth: The United States in 1890

1979 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip R. P. Coelho ◽  
James F. Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
City Size ◽  
Cost Of Living ◽  
Real Wages ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
Wage Earners ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Differences in regional prices and wages are examined for the United States in 1890, together with the relationship between the cost of living and city size, and the determinants of regional industrial growth. Results indicate that regional cost-of-liying differences were sufficiently large so that money wages cannot be used for purposes of comparing the economic well-being of wage earners across regions. Except for the South, money wages and the cost of living were positively correlated. The relative differences in money wages, however, were greater; consequently real wages in high wage-price areas were generally higher.

Does Local Autonomy Breed Leviathans? An Empirical Examination of All Cities in the United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 106591292110498
Author(s):  
Mikhail Ivonchyk
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
City Size ◽  
Empirical Examination ◽  
Institutional Collective Action ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Action Model ◽  
Quantile Regression Analysis ◽  
Fiscal Behavior ◽  
Different Levels

US states grant their local units different levels of autonomy in several dimensions including fiscal, functional, structural, and legal discretion. This study uses a comprehensive, multidimensional measure of autonomy to test its association with the fiscal behavior of over 19,000 municipalities in the United States. Competing theoretical predictions range from significant increases in government size (Leviathan model), to no effect (median-voter model), and even smaller governments (institutional collective action model). Quantile regression analysis is implemented to test the association between autonomy and fiscal behavior for different city sizes. The empirical findings indicate that cities with more autonomy tend to spend less and have lower taxes and debt. The strength of this relationship, however, varies by city size.

Safe until Sorry

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norah MacKendrick
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Precautionary Principle ◽  
Consumer Goods ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Personal Care Products ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
Regulatory Oversight ◽  
Agriculture And Food

This chapter outlines the United States’ uneven and contradictory relationship with the precautionary principle as a policy ethic, and, more specifically points to how the safe-until-sorry model at the regulatory level helps to explain why precaution has flourished as an individualized, consumer principle. In outlining this relationship, it documents the serious gaps in regulatory oversight in what is a vast, fractured policy framework that oversees chemicals used in agriculture and food production, and in the manufacturing of cosmetics, personal care products and consumer goods.

scholarly journals Measuring the Spatial Distribution of Health Rankings in the United States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Will Davis ◽  
Alexander Gordan ◽  
Rusty Tchernis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
The United States

scholarly journals Regional sources of nitrous oxide over the United States: Seasonal variation and spatial distribution

2012 ◽  
Vol 117 (D6) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Miller ◽  
E. A. Kort ◽  
A. I. Hirsch ◽  
E. J. Dlugokencky ◽  
A. E. Andrews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Regional Sources
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