scholarly journals In Cold Blood: Compositional Bias and Positive Selection Drive the High Evolutionary Rate of Vampire Bats Mitochondrial Genomes

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2218-2239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fidel Botero-Castro ◽  
Marie-Ka Tilak ◽  
Fabienne Justy ◽  
François Catzeflis ◽  
Frédéric Delsuc ◽  
...  

1992 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Laura Stoler
Keyword(s):  


Author(s):  
Chiara Papetti ◽  
Massimiliano Babbucci ◽  
Agnes Dettai ◽  
Andrea Basso ◽  
Magnus Lucassen ◽  
...  

Abstract The vertebrate mitochondrial genomes generally present a typical gene order. Exceptions are uncommon and important to study the genetic mechanisms of gene order rearrangements and their consequences on phylogenetic output and mitochondrial function. Antarctic notothenioid fish carry some peculiar rearrangements of the mitochondrial gene order. In this first systematic study of 28 species, we analysed known and undescribed mitochondrial genome rearrangements for a total of eight different gene orders within the notothenioid fish. Our reconstructions suggest that transpositions, duplications and inversion of multiple genes are the most likely mechanisms of rearrangement in notothenioid mitochondrial genomes. In Trematominae, we documented an extremely rare inversion of a large genomic segment of 5300 bp that partially affected the gene compositional bias but not the phylogenetic output. The genomic region delimited by nad5 and trnF, close to the area of the Control Region, was identified as the hot spot of variation in Antarctic fish mitochondrial genomes. Analysing the sequence of several intergenic spacers and mapping the arrangements on a newly generated phylogeny showed that the entire history of the Antarctic notothenioids is characterized by multiple, relatively rapid, events of disruption of the gene order. We hypothesised that a pre-existing genomic flexibility of the ancestor of the Antarctic notothenioids may have generated a precondition for gene order rearrangement, and the pressure of purifying selection could have worked for a rapid restoration of the mitochondrial functionality and compactness after each event of rearrangement.



1999 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Ellen O'Gorman ◽  
Shadi Bartsch
Keyword(s):  


2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHADI BARTSCH
Keyword(s):  


Author(s):  
Jon D. Holtzman

This chapter focusses on widespread violence that erupted between Samburu and their pastoralist Pokot neighbors, who had been ritually bonded as friends and allies since beyond living memory. While the conflict had many causes, Pokot explanations focus passionately on a single atrocity—the castration of a Pokot man killed in cold blood in the aftermath of an early skirmish, and the impossibility of peace until his testicles were somehow returned. Given this colorful yet one-dimensional explanation of a complex conflict, I consider the similarities and differences between this and classic propaganda, which is seen as frequently underlying war in state organized violence.



Author(s):  
Jörg Drews ◽  
Frank Kelleter
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Author(s):  
Philip Gerard

In January 1863, a gang of Unionists in mountainous Madison County raids Marshall for its store of salt-which has been denied hem by the Confederate commissioners. They extend their looting to the home of Col. Lawrence Allen, the commander of the 64th North Carolina who has been temporarily relieved of duty. He nonetheless joins a punitive expedition led by his cousin, Lt. Col. James Keith. They kill a number of Unionists, torture the wives and mothers of other suspects, and capture thirteen men and boys. On the pretext of marching them to Tennessee for trial, they take them in to the woods of Shelton Laurel and shoot them all down in cold blood. The women of Shelton Laurel discover the atrocity and recover the bodies, launching a manhunt and investigations that will eventually be taken up in the U.S. Congress.



Author(s):  
Martin L. LalumiÈre ◽  
Sandeep Mishra ◽  
Grant T. Harris
Keyword(s):  




Author(s):  
Phil Caporale
Keyword(s):  


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