scholarly journals A NEW MUTANT CONTROLLING MITOTIC CHROMOSOME DISJUNCTION IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Genetics ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-63
Author(s):  
William M Gelbart
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Mitotic Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Loss ◽  
Fate Map ◽  
Chromosome Map ◽  
Cuticular Structures ◽  
Chromosome Disjunction

ABSTRACT A new mutant, mit (mitotic loss inducer), is described. The mutant is recessive and maternal in action, producing gynandromorphs and haplo-4 mosaics among the progeny of homozygous mit females. Mosaic loss of maternal or paternal chromosomes can occur. The probabilities of either maternal or paternal X chromosome loss are equal. mit has been mapped to approximately 57 on the standard X chromosome map.—Using gyandromorphs generated by mit, a morphogenetic fate map, placing the origins of 40 cuticular structures on the blastoderm surface, has been constructed. This fate map is consistent with embryological data and with the two other fate maps generated in different ways.

scholarly journals Cell lineage analysis of kynurenine producing organs inDrosophila melanogaster

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moti Nissani
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Chromosome Loss ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Fate Map ◽  
Lineage Analysis

SUMMARYSix hundred and ten gynandromorphs were produced in which anXchromosome loss uncovered the vermilion mutation. The mosaic patterns observed indicate that wild type ocelli are incapable of kynurenine production and that, in addition to the eyes, postembryonic kynurenine producing cells originate from two separate regions of the blastoderm. The positions of these regions on the genetic fate map ofDrosophila melanogastercorrespond to the embryonic precursors which give rise to the kynurenine producing cells of the larval fat body and Malpighian tubes.

Clusters of premeiotic ring-X chromosome loss are not observed in males of Drosophila melanogaster

1987 ◽  
Vol 191 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 145-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.C. Woodruff ◽  
M.A. Seeger ◽  
E.S. Norris
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Loss

Co-mutagenic effect of tannic acid on ring-X chromosome loss induced by mitomycin C in sperm cells of Drosophila melanogaster

1994 ◽  
Vol 308 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenya Silva Cunha ◽  
Maria Luiza Reguly ◽  
Maria Clara Gimmler-Luz ◽  
Janine Hertzog Santos ◽  
Mauricio Lehmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Mitomycin C ◽  
Tannic Acid ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Mutagenic Effect ◽  
Sperm Cells ◽  
Chromosome Loss

scholarly journals The Responding Site of the Rex Locus of Drosophila melanogaster

Genetics ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-276
Author(s):  
Ellen E Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Maternal Effect ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Mitotic Chromosome ◽  
Gene Copy Number ◽  
Gene Copy ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Chromosome Behavior

ABSTRACT Rex is a dominant, maternal-effect locus in the heterochromatin of the X chromosome Drosophila melanogaster. It causes an early mitotic exchange-like event between heterochromatic elements of an attached- XY in X/attached-XY embryos of Rex mothers. Evidence is presented here that the site of Rex action is the ribosomal RNA gene cluster (the bb locus) only; no other heterochromatin is affected. The Rex locus may be useful in studying regulation of rRNA-gene copy number, mitotic chromosome behavior and heterochromatic function.

scholarly journals IN SUPPORT OF THE TELOMERE CONCEPT

Genetics ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-142
Author(s):  
Paul A Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Mitotic Chromosome ◽  
Polytene Chromosomes ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes ◽  
X Chromosomes ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Single Exception

ABSTRACT The frequency of recovered X-ray-induced (4000R) rearrangements that, in all probability, mimic terminal deletions of the X chromosome was only one of, roughly, 105  X chromosomes screened for tip deficiencies. Although the single exception looks terminally deleted, it is probably capped by a very short or nonpolytene telomeric segment. It is apparent from these data that the probability of "healing" or stabilization of a terminally deleted X in the zygotic nucleus or developing embryo of Drosophila melanogaster is vanishingly small. The telomeric caps in two obviously interstitial deficiencies that were recovered represent, roughly, 1/500 of the length of a mitotic chromosome. These findings give some indication of the extreme difficulty of detecting short telomeric segments capping either deleted polytene chromosomes or deleted metaphase chromosomes of, for example, humans.

scholarly journals PATERNAL LOSS (PAL): A MEIOTIC MUTANT IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER CAUSING LOSS OF PATERNAL CHROMOSOMES

Genetics ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-296
Author(s):  
Bruce S Baker
Keyword(s):  
X Chromosome ◽  
Daughter Nucleus ◽  
Mitotic Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Complement ◽  
Chromosome Loss ◽  
Basal Region ◽  
Simultaneous Loss ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Male Specific ◽  
To Receive

ABSTRACT The effects of a male-specific meiotic mutant, paternal loss (pal), in D. melanogaster have been examined genetically. The results indicate the following. (1) When homozygous in males, pal can cause loss, but not nondisjunction, of any chromosome pair. The pal-induced chromosome loss produces exceptional progeny that apparently failed to receive one, or more, paternal chromosomes and, in addition, mosaic progeny during whose early mitotic divisions one or more paternal chromosomes were lost. (2) Only paternally derived chromosomes are lost. (3) Mitotic chromosome loss can occur in homozygous pal  + progeny of pal males. (4) Chromosomes differ in their susceptibility to pal-induced loss. The site responsible for the insensitivity vs. sensitivity of the X chromosome to pal mapped to the basal region of the X chromosome at, or near, the centromere. From these results, it is suggested that pal  + acts in male gonia to specify a product that is a component of, or interacts with, the centromeric region of chromosomes and is necessary for the normal segregation of paternal chromosomes. In the presence of pal, defective chromosomes are produced and these chromosomes tend to get lost during the early cleavage divisions of the zygote. (5) The loss of heterologous chromosome pairs is not independent; there are more cases of simultaneous loss of two chromosomes than expected from independence. Moreover, an examination of cases of simultaneous somatic loss of two heterologs reveals an asymmetry in the early mitotic divisions of the zygote such that when two heterologs are lost at a somatic cleavage division, almost invariably one daughter nucleus fails to get either, and the other daughter nucleus receives its normal chromosome complement. It is suggested that this asymmetry is not a property of pal but is rather a normal process that is being revealed by the mutant. (6) The somatic loss of chromosomes in the progeny of pal males allows the construction of fate maps of the blastoderm. Similar fate maps are obtained using data from gynandromorphs and from marked Y chromosome (nonsexually dimorphic) mosaics.

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