A point dislocation in a layered, transversely isotropic and self-gravitating Earth. Part I: analytical dislocation Love numbers

2019 ◽  
Vol 217 (3) ◽  
pp. 1681-1705 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Zhou ◽  
E Pan ◽  
M Bevis
Author(s):  
J Zhou ◽  
E Pan ◽  
M Bevis

Summary We derive exact asymptotic solutions for the static deformation due to a concentrated or point-like dislocation in a spherical, layered, elastic, isotropic and self-gravitating Earth. The exact asymptotic solutions are quite general and can provide the dislocation Love numbers on the Earth's surface, near the dislocation or ‘source’, and close to any layer interface or boundary. We also discuss the special case where both the source and field points are located on the Earth's surface. We compare our exact asymptotic solutions with previous results obtained from the analytical dual variable and position (DVP) method via curve fitting. Our comparison confirms that the analytical DVP results converge to the exact asymptotic solutions. These new exact asymptotic solutions are particularly helpful when evaluating slowly convergent series of Green's functions using a Kummer transformation, anywhere within the layered Earth, especially for field points located very close to the point dislocation or source.


2019 ◽  
Vol 219 (3) ◽  
pp. 1717-1728 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Zhou ◽  
E Pan ◽  
M Bevis

SUMMARY We present an accurate approach for calculating the point-dislocation Green's functions (GFs) for a layered, spherical, transversely-isotropic and self-gravitating Earth. The formalism is based on the approach recently used to find analytical solutions for the dislocation Love numbers (DLNs). However, in order to make use of the DLNs, we first analyse their asymptotic behaviour, and then the behaviour of the GFs computed from the DLNs. We note that the summations used for different GF components evolve at different rates towards asymptotic convergence, requiring us to use two new and different truncation values for the harmonic degree (i.e. the index of summation). We exploit this knowledge to design a Kummer transformation that allows us to reduce the computation required to evaluate the GFs at the desired level of accuracy. Numerical examples are presented to clarify these issues and demonstrate the advantages of our approach. Even with the Kummer transformation, DLNs of high degree are still needed when the earth model contains very fine layers, so computational efficiency is important. The effect of anisotropy is assessed by comparing GFs for isotropic and transversely isotropic media. It is shown that this effect, though normally modest, can be significant in certain contexts, even in the far field.


Author(s):  
Jiangcun Zhou ◽  
Ernian Pan ◽  
Michael Bevis

Summary We present a theory of modern, thermally-induced deformation in a realistic Earth. The heat conduction equation is coupled with standard elastic deformation theory to construct a boundary-value problem comprised of eighth-order differential equations. The accurate and stable dual variable and position propagating matrix technique is introduced to solve the boundary-value problem. The thermal load Love numbers are defined to describe the displacements and potential changes driven by thermally-induced deformation. The proposed analytical method is validated by comparing the present results with exact solutions for a homogeneous sphere, which are also derived in this paper. The analytical method is then applied to a realistic Earth model to evaluate the effects of layering and self-gravitation of the Earth on displacement and changes of potential. Furthermore, the frequency-dependence in the thermal load is illustrated by invoking different thermal periodicities in the computation. Thermal anisotropy is also considered by comparing the results obtained using isotropic and transversely isotropic Earth models. Results show that, when simulating thermally-induced deformation, invoking a homogeneous spherical Earth leads to results that substantially differ from those obtained using a more realistic Earth model.


2020 ◽  
Vol 223 (1) ◽  
pp. 420-443
Author(s):  
J Zhou ◽  
E Pan ◽  
M Bevis

SUMMARY In this paper, we derive analytical solutions for the dislocation Love numbers (DLNs) and the corresponding Green's functions (GFs) within a layered, spherical, transversely isotropic and self-gravitating Earth. These solutions are based on the spherical system of vector functions (or the vector spherical harmonics) and the dual variable and position matrix method. The GFs for displacements, strains, potential and its derivatives are formulated in terms of the DLNs and the vector spherical harmonics. The vertical displacement due to a vertical strike-slip dislocation and the potential change (nΦ) due to a vertical dip-slip dislocation are found to be special, with an order O(1/n) on the source level and O(n) elsewhere. Numerical results are presented to illustrate how the internal fields depend on the particular type of dislocation. It is further shown that the effect of Earth anisotropy on the strain field can be significant, about 10 per cent in a layered PREM model and 30 per cent in a homogeneous earth model.


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