scholarly journals Time event ontology (TEO): to support semantic representation and reasoning of complex temporal relations of clinical events

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 1046-1056
Author(s):  
Fang Li ◽  
Jingcheng Du ◽  
Yongqun He ◽  
Hsing-Yi Song ◽  
Mohcine Madkour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Information ◽  
Temporal Relation ◽  
Adverse Event Report ◽  
Temporal Relations ◽  
Electronic Health Record Data ◽  
Clinical Events ◽  
Clinical Narrative ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Temporal Expressions ◽  
Event Ontology

Abstract Objective The goal of this study is to develop a robust Time Event Ontology (TEO), which can formally represent and reason both structured and unstructured temporal information. Materials and Methods Using our previous Clinical Narrative Temporal Relation Ontology 1.0 and 2.0 as a starting point, we redesigned concept primitives (clinical events and temporal expressions) and enriched temporal relations. Specifically, 2 sets of temporal relations (Allen’s interval algebra and a novel suite of basic time relations) were used to specify qualitative temporal order relations, and a Temporal Relation Statement was designed to formalize quantitative temporal relations. Moreover, a variety of data properties were defined to represent diversified temporal expressions in clinical narratives. Results TEO has a rich set of classes and properties (object, data, and annotation). When evaluated with real electronic health record data from the Mayo Clinic, it could faithfully represent more than 95% of the temporal expressions. Its reasoning ability was further demonstrated on a sample drug adverse event report annotated with respect to TEO. The results showed that our Java-based TEO reasoner could answer a set of frequently asked time-related queries, demonstrating that TEO has a strong capability of reasoning complex temporal relations. Conclusion TEO can support flexible temporal relation representation and reasoning. Our next step will be to apply TEO to the natural language processing field to facilitate automated temporal information annotation, extraction, and timeline reasoning to better support time-based clinical decision-making.

Radical Tense-Indexical Historicality and the De Se

KronoScope ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-27
Author(s):  
Carl Humphries
Keyword(s):  
Alternative View ◽  
The Past ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
De Se ◽  
Temporal Expressions ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
Self Reference ◽  
A Current ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract “Being is said in many ways,” claimed Aristotle, initiating a discussion about existential commitment that continues today. Might there not be reasons to say something similar about “having been,” or “having happened,” where these expressions denote something’s being located in the past? Moreover, if history – construed not only as an object of inquiry (actual events, etc.) but also as a way of casting light on certain matters – is primarily concerned with “things past,” then the question just posed also seems relevant to the question of what historical understanding amounts to. While the idea that ‘being’ may mean different things in different contexts has indisputable importance, the implications of other, past-temporal expressions are elusive. In what might any differences of substantive meaning encountered there consist? One starting point for responding – the one that provides the subject matter explored here – is furnished by the question of whether or not a certain way of addressing matters relating to the past permits or precludes forms of intelligibility that could be said to be ‘radically historical.’ After arguing that the existing options for addressing this issue remain unsatisfactory, I set out an alternative view of what it could mean to endorse or reject such an idea. This involves drawing distinctions and analogies connected with notions of temporal situatedness, human practicality and historicality, which are then linked to a further contrast between two ways of understanding the referential significance of what is involved when we self-ascribe a relation to a current situation in a manner construable as implying that we take ourselves to occupy a unique, yet circumstantially defined, perspective on that situation. As regards the latter, on one reading, the specific kind of indexically referring language we use – commonly labelled “de se” – is something whose rationale is exhausted by its practical utility as a communicative tool. On the other, it is viewed as capturing something of substantive importance about how we can be thought of as standing in relation to reality. I claim that this second reading, together with the line of thinking about self-identification and self-reference it helps foreground, can shed light on what it would mean to affirm or deny the possibility of radically historical forms of intelligibility – and thus also on what it could mean to ascribe a plurality of meanings to talk concerning things being ‘in the past.’

scholarly journals A temporal constraint structure for extracting temporal information from clinical narrative

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 424-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zhou ◽  
Genevieve B. Melton ◽  
Simon Parsons ◽  
George Hripcsak
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Information ◽  
Temporal Constraint ◽  
Clinical Narrative ◽  
Constraint Structure

Effects of Variation in the Warning Signal on Reaction Times of Severe Subnormals

1964 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beate Hermelin
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Times ◽  
Warning Signal ◽  
Response Speed ◽  
The Other ◽  
Temporal Relation ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Warning Stimulus ◽  
Temporal Relations

Reaction times of normal and subnormal subjects were compared, when a warning stimulus varied in modality as well as in its temporal relation to the RT signal. When the warning stimulus was in a different modality from the RT signal, reaction times were shorter than when both were in the same modality. Mongols, in contrast to the other subjects, responded relatively faster to light than to sound. The effect of varying the time interval between warning and signal was linearly related to response speed. The results are discussed in respect to the comparative alerting effects of temporal relations between stimuli and their different modalities.

scholarly journals Features of Using Linear Automation Systems for Research of Temporal Relation Structures

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 081-085
Author(s):  
E. I. Algazin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Imaginary Part ◽  
Temporal Relation ◽  
Qualitative Description ◽  
Automation System ◽  
Temporal Relations ◽  
Positive Real ◽  
The Real ◽  
Automation Systems ◽  
Dynamic Description

A dynamic description of the behavior of the investigated parameter (voltage across the capacitor UC) given for the analysis of a linear automation system is proposed. The dynamics of the change in the structures of temporal relations is considered and a qualitative description of the investigated parameter in each of the structures is obtained. The transition of UC in the region of negative and positive real time is investigated. An explanation is given for the absence of the need for control and “intrusion” of the investigated parameter UC into the imaginary part of the real one.

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