KINETIC ISOTOPIC EFFECT: STATIC RAYLEIGH EQUATION AND BASIC DYNAMIC ISOTOPE EQUATION FOR THE SUBSTRATE IN THE DESCRIPTION OF NITRITE-DEPENDENT ANAEROBIC OXIDATION OF METHANE

The article analyzes the results of modeling the dynamics of nitrite-dependent methane oxidation (N-DAMO) by Methylomirabilis oxyfera microorganisms using the standard isotope dynamic equations. Without specifying a specific function of the rate of the process, the traditional static Rayleigh equation is derived from the basic dynamic isotope equation. Thus, the equation of the 1st order in terms of the substrate is only a special case in the derivation of the Rayleigh equation. It was shown that the dominant fractionation of carbon isotopes occurs in the process of the microbiological reaction of anaerobic oxidation of methane by nitrite, and not in the physical process of mass transfer of dissolved methane into the gas phase. In contrast to the static Rayleigh equation, the dynamic description of the process of fractionation of stable isotopes is important when describing the parallel transformations of the substrate.

Parts of Speech Features in B. Pasternak’s Lyrics

The article studies the distribution of the main parts of speech in lyrics such as nouns, verbs, and adjectives. The analysis is carried out both in the poems taken separately and in whole collections. The main goal of the present research is to find out the level of stability and variability of the number relating to the parts of speech belonging to different classes in poetic texts. At the same time the article examines the questions concerning the degree of the poetic text nominality, the relationship between dynamic description of Pasternak’s poetic world, expressed by verbs, and static description made by adjectives. Six collections of Pasternak’s poems which constitute an important part of his heritage have been analyzed. Since the collections were published at different times and during different periods of the poet’s literary work, they reflect peculiar features of Pasternak’s creative manner and individual style over time. The counts have helped to make a data-base including 178 poems (5962 lines) in total that has been organized and used for the study. To achieve the goal a number of statistical methods are used, including the Busemann coefficient, chi-square, and the coefficient of variation. The results obtained demonstrated a high degree of the poet’s style stability at the level of morphological features, strong prevalence of dynamic over static description, significant downward deviation from the accepted norm of the number including adjectives and (in later poems) verbs.

Metastable states in plateaus and multi-wave epidemic dynamics of Covid-19 spreading in Italy

The control of Covid 19 epidemics by public health policy in Italy during the first and the second epidemic waves has been driven by using reproductive number Rt(t) to identify the supercritical (percolative), the subcritical (arrested), separated by the critical regime. Here we show that to quantify the Covid-19 spreading rate with containment measures there is a need of a 3D expanded parameter space phase diagram built by the combination of Rt(t) and doubling time Td(t). In this space we identify the Covid-19 dynamics in Italy and its administrative Regions. The supercritical regime is mathematically characterized by (i) the power law of Td vs. [Rt(t) − 1] and (ii) the exponential behaviour of Td vs. time, either in the first and in the second wave. The novel 3D phase diagram shows clearly metastable states appearing before and after the second wave critical regime. for loosening quarantine and tracing of actives cases. The metastable states are precursors of the abrupt onset of a next nascent wave supercritical regime. This dynamic description allows epidemics predictions needed by policymakers interested to point to the target "zero infections" with the elimination of SARS-CoV-2, using the Finding mobile Tracing policy joint with vaccination-campaign, in order to avoid the emergence of recurrent new variants of SARS-CoV-2 virus, accompined by recurrent long lockdowns, with large economical losses, and large number of fatalities.

THE INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHISPS IN MIKHAIL SHISHKIN’S ESSAYS ABOUT WRITERS

The article analyses the intersubjective relationships displayed in Mikhail Shiskhin’s essays concerned with other writers, such as Robert Walser, James Joyce, and Vladimir Sharov. The author demonstrates that the narrator’s statements are intersubjective, which is supported by both the system of the transmitting-receiving activity of the subject and the area of the statements’ object. Shishkin pays special attention to Walser. According to Shishkin, the process of becoming a writer is achieved through deprivation, alienation, and being misunderstood, as well as, most importantly, by experiencing the euphory of writing and acceptance of asthenic inability to write. A closer look at the poetics of the essays lets us explore elaborately intertwined series of motifs and repetitions, which appear on the text’s various levels. Rhetorical features, in particular anaphora, geminatio, and anadiplosis, are discussed in the present article most thoroughly. The specific use of repletion allows Shishkin to achieve a convincing dynamic description of Walser’s contradictory impulses in life and writing.

Dynamic Observation of the Effect of Maternal Caries on the Oral Microbiota of Infants Aged 12–24 Months

AimTo provide a dynamic description of the oral microbial composition in mothers with and without dental caries and their children aging 12-24 months.MethodologyA total of 20 pairs of mothers and their children aged 12 months were included and followed up at 18 and 24 months of age. Ten mothers with dental caries(MEG) and their children(CEG) were in the exposure group, and ten caries-free mothers(MCG) and their children(CCG)in control group. Supragingival plaque biofilm samples were collected and DNA was extracted for bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing.ResultsA total of 18 pairs completed follow-ups. At a 3% divergence level, the number of common operational taxonomic units found between the mothers and children increased as the children aged. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, and Actinobacteria accounted for more than 80% phyla of each group. A microbial community structure analysis showed that the differences between mothers and children were significant in all groups except for the MEG24 and CEG24 groups.ConclusionsOral microbiota of children was more like their mothers’ with increasing age, regardless of whether the mothers had dental caries. Mothers with dental caries may have a greater influence on the oral microbiota of children’s than those without dental caries as children age.

Holography from the first law of thermodynamics

This paper exploits well-known connections between quantum mechanics and thermodynamics. What happens if we assume that the first law of thermodynamics applies generally, inspired from thermodynamic and entropic gravity approaches and black hole thermodynamics? The conjecture is that quantum mechanics provides a complete dynamic description of thermodynamics that the first law of thermodynamics seems to call for, giving us a theory of holographic gravity. Some connections to the many-worlds interpretation are noted.

Features of Using Linear Automation Systems for Research of Temporal Relation Structures

A dynamic description of the behavior of the investigated parameter (voltage across the capacitor UC) given for the analysis of a linear automation system is proposed. The dynamics of the change in the structures of temporal relations is considered and a qualitative description of the investigated parameter in each of the structures is obtained. The transition of UC in the region of negative and positive real time is investigated. An explanation is given for the absence of the need for control and “intrusion” of the investigated parameter UC into the imaginary part of the real one.

Model and methods of multi-variant forecasting the state of complex technical objects in proactive control of them

The article shows that in proactive management of complex technical objects, it is very important to carry out multivariate forecasting of their state. A generalized model and methods for carrying out the specifi ed forecasting are proposed, based, fi rstly, on the original logical-dynamic description of the processes under study, and, secondly, on the construction and approximation of the reachable regions of the investigated dynamic processes that defi ne the entire set of potential trajectories of SRT movement in the multidimensional space of system-technical parameters.