scholarly journals The Cost of Inaction on HIV Transmission among Injection Drug Users and the Potential for Effective Interventions

2004 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 655-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Kuyper
Keyword(s):  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Injection Drug ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
The Cost

scholarly journals A2 HIV transmission networks among injection drug users in Pakistan

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francois Cholette ◽  
John Ho ◽  
Hillary McCoubrey ◽  
Kiana Kadivar ◽  
Laura Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Injection Drug ◽  
Transmission Networks

scholarly journals Correlates of Knowledge of HIV Transmission Among Incident Cases of HIV in a Cohort of Injection Drug Users Receiving Harm Reduction Services at Karachi, Pakistan

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rab Nawaz Samo ◽  
Arshad Altaf ◽  
Sharaf Ali Shah
Keyword(s):  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Injection Drug ◽  
P Value ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Incident Cases

Background: Knowledge of risk factors for HIV transmission in high-risk population plays a critical role in averting the risk of HIV transmission. In Pakistan, injection drug users (IDUs) constitute the core risk group of HIV prevalence, where the epidemic has transitioned to a “concentrated level.” Still nothing is known about the role of knowledge in HIV transmission and HIV sero-conversion among IDUs in Pakistan. Methods: From 2009 to 2011, a nested case–control study was conducted in a cohort of 636 IDUs receiving harm reduction services in the mega city of Karachi. Results: In multivariable regression analysis, 3 factors, namely HIV does not spread through unprotected sex (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 3.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.39-6.90, P value .01), HIV does not transmit by sharing syringes (AOR: 3.5, 95% CI 1.97-6.40, P value <.00), and the risk of HIV cannot be minimized by using new syringe every time (AOR: 2.0, 95% CI 1.16-3.60, P value .01), were significantly associated with the incident cases of HIV. Conclusion: The study findings suggest the association between knowledge of HIV transmission and HIV sero-incident cases.

Predictors of Sharing Drugs Among Injection Drug Users in the South Bronx: Implications for HIV Transmission

2003 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Fernando ◽  
Robert F. Schilling ◽  
Jorge Fontdevila ◽  
Nabila El-Bassel
Keyword(s):  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Injection Drug ◽  
The South ◽  
South Bronx

scholarly journals Mortality and HIV transmission among male Vietnamese injection drug users

Addiction ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 583-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vu Minh Quan ◽  
Nguyen Le Minh ◽  
Tran Viet Ha ◽  
Nguyen Phuong Ngoc ◽  
Pham The Vu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Injection Drug

Criminal Law, Policing Policy, and HIV Risk in Female Street Sex Workers and Injection Drug Users

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 548-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim M. Blankenship ◽  
Stephen Koester
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Injection Drug ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
The Social

In public health and the social sciences, there is growing recognition of the role that social context plays in determining health. Frequently, social relations of inequality are among the most important features of social context identified in this work, and emphasis is placed on identifying and addressing these inequalities in order to improve health. Within the field of HIV/AIDS prevention as well, researchers have begun to look beyond individuals for an understanding of the structural causes of HIV-related risk. This research demands that greater attention be paid to the social mechanisms and contextual factors that lead to HIV risk. Among these factors are law and social policy, which form a part of the context in which risk-taking occurs and which can promote both HIV transmission and prevention. On the one hand, laws limiting access to sterile injection equipment have contributed to HIV-related risk behavioxs among injection drug users (IDUS).

Drug-related behavior change for HIV transmission among American injection drug users

Addiction ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 89 (10) ◽  
pp. 1309-1317 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID D. CELENTANO ◽  
ALVARO MUNOZ ◽  
SYLVIA CORN ◽  
KENRAD E. NELSON ◽  
DAVID VLAHOV
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Change ◽  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Injection Drug

Risk for Heterosexual HIV Transmission Among Non-Injecting Female Partners of Injection Drug Users in Estonia

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 879-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Uusküla ◽  
J. M. McMahon ◽  
M. Kals ◽  
A. Talu ◽  
K. Abel-Ollo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Injection Drug ◽  
Female Partners

scholarly journals Cost-Effectiveness of Active Screening for Early Identification of HIV in Injection Drug Users

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shima Bordbar ◽  
Hassan Joulaei ◽  
Abdosaleh Jafari ◽  
Mehrdad Askarian ◽  
Charles John Palenik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Injection Drug ◽  
Behavioral Disorder ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Active Screening ◽  
The Cost

Background: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is a behavioral disorder that can be detected via two methods, including active and passive screening. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of screening strategies of HIV/AIDS among injection drug users (IDUs) referring to the voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) center and drop-in center (DIC) of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This was a cross-sectional cost-effectiveness analysis to compare the cost-effectiveness of the two active and passive screening methods in 2015. The decision tree model, along with the TreeAge11 software, was used to analyze the data. Results: The averages of cost and effectiveness were $989 and 987 subjects in the active screening method while they were $1,767 and 209 subjects in the passive screening method, respectively. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) to early-diagnosed and averted cases was $855/39 for the active screening method and $1528/90 for the passive screening method. According to the findings of the study, the active screening method is more cost-effective than its passive counterpart. Conclusions: According to the findings of the study, the active screening method is more cost-effective than its passive counterpart, and it is recommended to be used in these cases.

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