scholarly journals Cost-Effectiveness of Active Screening for Early Identification of HIV in Injection Drug Users

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shima Bordbar ◽  
Hassan Joulaei ◽  
Abdosaleh Jafari ◽  
Mehrdad Askarian ◽  
Charles John Palenik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Injection Drug ◽  
Behavioral Disorder ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Active Screening ◽  
The Cost

Background: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is a behavioral disorder that can be detected via two methods, including active and passive screening. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of screening strategies of HIV/AIDS among injection drug users (IDUs) referring to the voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) center and drop-in center (DIC) of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This was a cross-sectional cost-effectiveness analysis to compare the cost-effectiveness of the two active and passive screening methods in 2015. The decision tree model, along with the TreeAge11 software, was used to analyze the data. Results: The averages of cost and effectiveness were $989 and 987 subjects in the active screening method while they were $1,767 and 209 subjects in the passive screening method, respectively. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) to early-diagnosed and averted cases was $855/39 for the active screening method and $1528/90 for the passive screening method. According to the findings of the study, the active screening method is more cost-effective than its passive counterpart. Conclusions: According to the findings of the study, the active screening method is more cost-effective than its passive counterpart, and it is recommended to be used in these cases.

scholarly journals Cost Effectiveness of Screening Strategies for Early Identification of HIV and HCV Infection in Injection Drug Users

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. e45176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren E. Cipriano ◽  
Gregory S. Zaric ◽  
Mark Holodniy ◽  
Eran Bendavid ◽  
Douglas K. Owens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Injection Drug ◽  
Screening Strategies

scholarly journals Cost-Effectiveness of Postoperative Drug Rehabilitation for Injection Drug Users

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 492-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Tyerman ◽  
Shawn Shah ◽  
J. Hunter Mehaffey ◽  
Tanya Wanchek ◽  
Robert B. Hawkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injection Drug ◽  
Drug Rehabilitation

Cost-effectiveness of Harm Reduction in Preventing Hepatitis C among Injection Drug Users

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 357-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold A. Pollack
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injection Drug ◽  
Syringe Exchange ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Incidence Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Objectives. Hepatitis C (HCV) has emerged as a major epidemic among injection drug users (IDUs), with observed prevalence exceeding 70% in many American and European cities. This article explores the potential of syringe exchange programs (SEPs) to reduce HCV incidence and prevalence. Design. A random-mixing epidemiological model is used to examine the potential impact of harm reduction interventions. Methods. Steady-state analysis is used to scrutinize the impact of SEP on HCV incidence and prevalence and to examine the accuracy of short-term incidence analysis in predicting long-run program effects. Results. SEP is predicted to have little impact on HCV incidence and prevalence within realistic populations of IDUs. Conclusions. Short-term incidence analysis substantially overstates SEP effectiveness and cost-effectiveness in preventing HCV. More comprehensive harm reduction models, coupled with referral of active IDUs to treatment, must complement syringe exchange to successfully contain highly infectious blood-borne diseases.

Cost-Effectiveness of Hearing Screening in Older Adults: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 016402752110085
Author(s):  
Amber K. Hsu ◽  
Sarah M. Bassett ◽  
Linda C. O’Dwyer ◽  
Megan McHugh ◽  
Allen W. Heinemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Healthcare Access ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Hearing Screening ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
The Cost

Objectives: Age is the most common predictor of hearing loss; however, many older adults are not screened. Hearing screening could improve healthcare access, participation, and outcomes. Establishing whether hearing screening in older adults is cost-effective could improve the availability and utilization of screening. Methods: We searched nine databases in January 2020. Studies with populations aged 50+ and provided data on the cost-effectiveness of hearing screening were included in the review. Results: Five studies met the inclusion criteria and all found hearing screening programs to be cost-effective compared to no hearing screening, regardless of screening method (i.e., instrument or strategy). The maximum number of repeated screenings, coupled with younger ages, was most cost-effective. Discussion: This review suggests that hearing screening in older adults is cost-effective, however, the evidence is limited. There is pressing need for research focused on economic impacts of hearing healthcare in older adults to inform research, policy and practice.

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