Introduction

Neuronal communication in the brain is associated with minute electrical currents that give rise to both electrical potentials on the scalp (measurable by means of electroencephalography [EEG]) and magnetic fields outside the head (measurable by magnetoencephalography [MEG]). Both MEG and EEG are noninvasive neurophysiological methods used to study brain dynamics, that is temporal changes in the activation patterns, and sequences in signal progression. Differences between MEG and EEG mainly reflect differences in the spread of electric and magnetic fields generated by the same electric currents in the human brain. This chapter provides an overall description of the main principles of MEG and EEG and provides background for the following chapters in this and subsequent sections.

Electric and magnetic fields of the brain accompanying internal simulation of movement

Cognitive Brain Research ◽

10.1016/0926-6410(95)00037-2 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 125-129 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

Wilfried Lang ◽

Douglas Cheyne ◽

Peter Höllinger ◽

Willi Gerschlager ◽

Gerald Lindinger

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Fields ◽

Electric and Magnetic Fields of the Brain

Magnetoencephalography ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-00087-5_3 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 111-143

Author(s):

Leon Heller ◽

Petr Volegov

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Fields ◽

Consistency in macroscopic human brain responses to noisy time-varying visual inputs

10.1101/645499 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Keiichi Kitajo ◽

Takumi Sase ◽

Yoko Mizuno ◽

Hiromichi Suetani

Keyword(s):

Information Processing ◽

Human Brain ◽

Brain Dynamics ◽

Time Varying ◽

Ongoing Activity ◽

Visual Inputs ◽

Brain Responses ◽

Individual Variations ◽

Open Question ◽

AbstractIt is an open question as to whether macroscopic human brain responses to repeatedly presented external inputs show consistent patterns across trials. We here provide experimental evidence that human brain responses to noisy time-varying visual inputs, as measured by scalp electroencephalography (EEG), show a signature of consistency. The results indicate that the EEG-recorded responses are robust against fluctuating ongoing activity, and that they respond to visual stimuli in a repeatable manner. This consistency presumably mediates robust information processing in the brain. Moreover, the EEG response waveforms were discriminable between individuals, and were invariant over a number of days within individuals. We reveal that time-varying noisy visual inputs can harness macroscopic brain dynamics and can manifest hidden individual variations.

Neural Plasticity following Abacus Training in Humans: A Review and Future Directions

Neural Plasticity ◽

10.1155/2016/1213723 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yongxin Li ◽

Feiyan Chen ◽

Wenhua Huang

Keyword(s):

Human Brain ◽

Neural Plasticity ◽

Neural Mechanism ◽

Imaging Findings ◽

Future Directions ◽

Activation Patterns ◽

Broad Variety ◽

Average Control ◽

The Brain ◽

Environmental Demands

The human brain has an enormous capacity to adapt to a broad variety of environmental demands. Previous studies in the field of abacus training have shown that this training can induce specific changes in the brain. However, the neural mechanism underlying these changes remains elusive. Here, we reviewed the behavioral and imaging findings of comparisons between abacus experts and average control subjects and focused on changes in activation patterns and changes in brain structure. Finally, we noted the limitations and the future directions of this field. We concluded that although current studies have provided us with information about the mechanisms of abacus training, more research on abacus training is needed to understand its neural impact.

Electric and Magnetic Fields Produced by the Brain

Brain–Computer InterfacesPrinciples and Practice ◽

10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195388855.003.0003 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 46-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Paul L. Nunez

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Fields ◽

Decoding of the Skin Sensations to the Low Intensive Electric and Magnetic Fields

Journal of Bioscience & Biomedical Engineering ◽

10.47485/2693-2504.1032 ◽

2021 ◽

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Field ◽

Magnetic Fields ◽

Electric Field ◽

Human Skin ◽

The article represents the ability of the human skin sensitive receptors and receptors of the proprioception to detect and code the very low intensive electric and magnetic fields. Was made the classification of the skin sensations to the electric field (EF) and magnetic field (MF) – 34 kind sensations. Was made the electrophysiology pattern of every one sensation to the electric field (EF) and magnetic field (MF) – how the skin sensitive receptors and receptors of proprioception code the electric and magnetic fields to be translate from the sensitive nerve to the brain.