Development of Parkinson’s disease-related pathology in the enteric and central nervous systems

2013 ◽  
pp. 531-547
Author(s):  
Heiko Braak ◽  
Kelly Del Tredici-Braak
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 7135-7151

Neurodegenerative disorders are consequences of the deterioration of cells and tissues with a mature undesirable way of life. The degenerative disease like Parkinson's disease (PD) influences Central nervous systems (CNS) and cardiovascular systems. In this study, we show Parkinson's disease combined with rising nanoparticles, draw hopeful methodologies for improving medication transport to the scattered CNS, and examine their suggestions for clinical practice. A search strategy was designed in order to identify articles published in the high ranking journals. All the search results from the prominent databases, namely Scopus, Springer, PubMed, Cochrane, and ScienceDirect, were collected, and all possible duplicates were discarded. The worse condition must be overcome by traditional treatment systems. Nanotechnology and nanoparticles based methodology medical transport systems could reverse the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Dopamine consumption in the striatum is the sign of PD and its creation forms. Still, the pathophysiology of the parkinsonian side effects and especially parkinsonian trembles are under discussion. Parkinson's disease alarms genuine anxiety because of its consequences for the personal satisfaction of patients and its burden to social prescriptions and treatments that have risen for the management.


Author(s):  
Nuriye Yıldırım Gökay ◽  
Bülent Gündüz ◽  
Fatih Söke ◽  
Recep Karamert

Purpose The effects of neurological diseases on the auditory system have been a notable issue for investigators because the auditory pathway is closely associated with neural systems. The purposes of this study are to evaluate the efferent auditory system function and hearing quality in Parkinson's disease (PD) and to compare the findings with age-matched individuals without PD to present a perspective on aging. Method The study included 35 individuals with PD (mean age of 48.50 ± 8.00 years) and 35 normal-hearing peers (mean age of 49 ± 10 years). The following tests were administered for all participants: the first section of the Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale; pure-tone audiometry, speech audiometry, tympanometry, and acoustic reflexes; and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) and contralateral suppression of DPOAEs. SPSS Version 25 was used for statistical analyses, and values of p < .05 were considered statistically significant. Results There were no statistically significant differences in the pure-tone audiometry thresholds and DPOAE responses between the individuals with PD and their normal-hearing peers ( p = .732). However, statistically significant differences were found between the groups in suppression levels of DPOAEs and hearing quality ( p < .05). In addition, a statistically significant and positive correlation was found between the amount of suppression at some frequencies and the Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale scores. Conclusions This study indicates that medial olivocochlear efferent system function and the hearing quality of individuals with PD were affected adversely due to the results of PD pathophysiology on the hearing system. For optimal intervention and follow-up, tasks related to hearing quality in daily life can also be added to therapies for PD.


2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-13
Author(s):  
Linda Worrall ◽  
Jennifer Egan ◽  
Dorothea Oxenham ◽  
Felicity Stewart

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-11
Author(s):  
Lorraine Ramig ◽  
Cynthia Fox

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