Transthoracic examination

Echocardiography ◽

10.1093/med/9780198804161.003.0002 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 71-126

Keyword(s):

Image Quality ◽

Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Right Ventricle ◽

Abdominal Aorta ◽

Image Acquisition ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Short Axis ◽

3D Image ◽

Chamber View ◽

Axis View

This chapter covers all aspects of transthoracic examination, including patient information, preparing machine and probe, probe handling and image quality, 2D image acquisition, 3D image acquisition, multiplane image acquisition, data acquisition, parasternal long axis view, parasternal right ventricle inflow view, parasternal right ventricle outflow view, parasternal short axis (aortic) view, parasternal short axis (mitral) view, parasternal short axis (ventricle) views, parasternal 3D views, apical 4-chamber view, apical 5-chamber view, apical 2-chamber view, apical 3-chamber view, apical 3D views, subcostal views, inferior vena cava view, abdominal aorta view, suprasternal view, right parasternal view, and standard examination.

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A sling of a normal right inferior vena cava around the abdominal aorta

Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy ◽

10.1007/s00276-021-02693-x ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ali Devrim Karaosmanoglu ◽

Selin Ardali Duzgun ◽

Deniz Akata ◽

Mustafa Nasuh Ozmen ◽

Musturay Karcaaltincaba

Keyword(s):

Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Abdominal Aorta ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Vena Cava

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In vivo magnetic particle imaging: angiography of inferior vena cava and aorta in rats using newly developed multicore particles

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-74151-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Azadeh Mohtashamdolatshahi ◽

Harald Kratz ◽

Olaf Kosch ◽

Ralf Hauptmann ◽

Nicola Stolzenburg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Image Quality ◽

Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Temporal Resolution ◽

Magnetic Particle ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Vena Cava ◽

High Temporal Resolution ◽

Magnetic Particle Imaging ◽

Particle Imaging

Abstract Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) is a new imaging modality, which maps the distribution of magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) in 3D with high temporal resolution. It thus may be suited for cardiovascular imaging. Its sensitivity and spatial resolution critically depend on the magnetic properties of MNP. Therefore, we used novel multicore nanoparticles (MCP 3) for in-vivo MPI in rats and analyzed dose requirements, sensitivity and detail resolution. 8 rats were examined using a preclinical MPI scanner (Bruker Biospin GmbH, Germany) equipped with a separate receive coil. MCP 3 and Resovist were administered intravenously (i.v.) into the rats’ tail veins at doses of 0.1, 0.05 and 0.025 mmol Fe/kg followed by serial MPI acquisition with a temporal resolution of 46 volumes per second. Based on a qualitative visual scoring system MCP 3–MPI images showed a significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher image quality than Resovist-MPI images. Morphological features such as vessel lumen diameters (DL) of the inferior vena cava (IVC) and abdominal aorta (AA) could be assessed along a 2-cm segment in mesenteric area only after administration of MCP 3 at dosages of 0.1, 0.05 mmol Fe/kg. The mean DL ± SD estimated was 2.7 ± 0.6 mm for IVC and 2.4 ± 0.7 mm for AA. Evaluation of DL of the IVC and AA was not possible in Resovist-MPI images. Our results show, that MCP 3 provide better image quality at a lower dosage than Resovist. MCP 3-MPI with a clinically acceptable dose of 0.05 mmol Fe/kg increased the visibility of vessel lumens compared to Resovist-based MPI towards possible detection of vascular abnormalities such as stenosis or aneurysms, in vivo.

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Abdominal aorta, inferior vena cava and their branches

Anaesthesia & intensive care medicine ◽

10.1016/j.mpaic.2007.03.013 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 253-254

Author(s):

Harold Ellis

Keyword(s):

Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Abdominal Aorta ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Vena Cava

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Aortic valve regurgitation

The ESC Textbook of Cardiovascular Imaging ◽

10.1093/med/9780198849353.003.0013 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 181-190

Author(s):

Julien Magne ◽

Patrizio Lancellotti

Keyword(s):

Aortic Valve ◽

Transoesophageal Echocardiography ◽

Correct Identification ◽

Short Axis ◽

Short Axis View ◽

Valve Regurgitation ◽

Chamber View ◽

Imaging Tool ◽

Line Imaging ◽

Axis View

Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is the first-line imaging tool to assess aortic valve (AV), aorta, and subsequent aortic regurgitation (AR). The parasternal long-axis view is classically used to measure the left outflow tract, the aortic annulus, and the aortic sinuses. Leaflet thickening and morphology can be visualized from this window as well as from the parasternal short-axis view and the apical five-chamber view. Nevertheless, 2D TTE may be limited and not enabling correct identification of the anatomy and causes of AR. In this situation, 3D echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) could provide better delineation of the AV morphology. In some cases, transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) could be required, more particularly for assessing the aortic root dimensions.

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1099 Constrictive pericarditis:a challenge in Cardiology

European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging ◽

10.1093/ehjci/jez319.648 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

C Kairis ◽

C Stefanidis ◽

B Saxpekidis ◽

C Petridis ◽

L Mosialos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Radiation Therapy ◽

Pulmonary Artery ◽

Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Right Ventricle ◽

Cardiac Catheterization ◽

Constrictive Pericarditis ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Permanent Pacemaker ◽

Right Heart

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements none A 50-year old woman had complained about dyspnea and leg swelling despite taking furosemide 80 mgr per day. Her past medical history had included radiation therapy for Hodgkin"s lymphoma, prosthetic heart valves (mechanical MV, AV- INR = 3,2) and permanent pacemaker. Also her coronary vessels were normal. On clinical examination she was non-febrile, the arterial pressure was 120/80mmHg,there was atrial fibrillation at 70 pulses/min at rest and oxygen saturation was 96%. The chest x-ray finding was left pleural effusion. The patient also had ascites. Kidney function was normal without proteinuria. The diagnostic paracentesis and biochemical analysis of ascitic fluid was indicative of transudative fluid.Cytologic analysis was negative for malignancy. Moreover,needle biopsy specimen was subjected to histopathology,which was negative for malignancy. Echocardiography had revealed normal size and function of left ventricle ( LV = 46mm-EF = 60%). The mechanical valves had normal function, without paravalvular leak or masses. Also right ventricle was normal. The pulmonary artery pressure measured by echocardiography was in the normal range (RVSP = 35mmHg), but the inferior vena cava was dilated.There were also dilated hepatic veins and hepatic vein flow reversal.There was variation> 25% in triscupid inflow with respiration. TEE had confirmed the findings of transthoracic echo with regard of prosthetic valves. CT of chest and abdomen findings were no pathologic lymphadenopathy,no pulmonary embolism and absence of tumor compressing inferior vena cava. Chest CT scan had demonstrated pericardium thickening,indicative of constrictive pericarditis. CMR was not performed because of permanent pacemaker. The final step in diagnostic algorithm was cardiac catheterization: a)the pulmonary artery systolic pressure measured during right heart catheterization was 35mmHg. b)dip & plateau’ pattern or ‘square root sign of right ventricle, i.e. pattern of accentuated early dip in diastolic pressure, followed by plateauing in mid-late diastole. c)prominent y wave of right atrium- absent x wave because of AF. d)left ventriculography was not performed because of mechanical aortic valve. At the end constrictive pericarditis was confirmed by the surgical report. According to ESC guidelines a diagnosis of constrictive pericarditis is based on the association of signs and symptoms of right heart failure and impaired diastolic filling due to pericardial constriction by one or more imaging methods, including echocardiography, CT, CMR, and cardiac catheterization. However,the most important step is the suspicion of constrictive pericarditis, especially in patients with history of radiation therapy and heart surgery. Abstract 1099 Figure.

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Inferior Vena Cava Filter Limb Fracture with Embolization to the Right Ventricle

Journal of Emergency Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.jemermed.2017.01.047 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 53 (2) ◽

pp. 248-251 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Bradley S. Jackson ◽

Mykel Sepula ◽

Jared T. Marx ◽

Chad M. Cannon

Keyword(s):

Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Right Ventricle ◽

Inferior Vena Cava Filter ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Vena Cava Filter ◽

Limb Fracture ◽

The Right

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Effect of Lateral Tilt Angle on the Volume of the Abdominal Aorta and Inferior Vena Cava in Pregnant and Nonpregnant Women Determined by Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Anesthesiology ◽

10.1097/aln.0000000000000553 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 122 (2) ◽

pp. 286-293 ◽

Cited By ~ 65

Author(s):

Hideyuki Higuchi ◽

Shunichi Takagi ◽

Kan Zhang ◽

Ikue Furui ◽

Makoto Ozaki

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Abdominal Aorta ◽

Supine Position ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Magnetic Resonance Images ◽

Mean Difference ◽

Lateral Tilt ◽

The Right

Abstract Background: Left-lateral tilt position is used to reduce assumed aortocaval compression by the pregnant uterus. Methods: Magnetic resonance images of 10 singleton parturients at full term and 10 healthy nonpregnant women were obtained for measurement of the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava volume between the L1–L2 disk and L3–L4 disk levels in both the supine and left-lateral tilt positions (15°, 30°, and 45°) maintained by insertion of a 1.5-m-long polyethylene foam placed under the right side of the parturient’s body. Results: Aortic volume did not differ significantly between parturients and nonpregnant women in the supine position (12.7 ± 2.0 vs.12.6 ± 2.1 ml, mean ± SD; mean difference, –0.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], −2.0 to 1.9; P = 0.95). Inferior vena cava volume in the supine position was significantly lower in parturients than in nonpregnant women (3.2 ± 3.4 vs.17.5 ± 7.8 ml; mean difference, 14.3; 95% CI, 8.3–20.2; P < 0.001). Aortic volume in parturients did not differ among left-lateral tilt positions. Inferior vena cava volume in the parturients was not increased at 15° (3.0 ± 2.1 ml; mean difference, −0.2; 95% CI, −1.5 to 1.2; P > 0.99), but was significantly increased at 30° (11.5 ± 8.6 ml; mean difference, 8.3; 95% CI, 2.3–14.2; P = 0.009) and 45° (10.9 ± 6.8 ml; mean difference, 7.7; 95% CI, 2.2–13.1; P = 0.015). Conclusions: In parturients, the aorta was not compressed, and a 15° left-lateral tilt position did not effectively reduce inferior vena cava compression.

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