Contrast echocardiography

This chapter concerns contrast in echocardiography. It discusses specific contrast agent preparation, administration of contrast agents, and contrast safety. It then covers contrast studies for atrial septal defects, pulmonary shunts, persistent left superior vena cava, myocardial perfusion, non-compaction cardiomyopathy, LV aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms, apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, LV thrombi, LAA thrombi, and aortic disease. It also deals with contrast studies in the case of Doppler enhancement, imaging techniques for LV opacification, applications of left-heart contrast studies, and the use of contrast in dobutamine stress echocardiography,