Echocardiography

2010 ◽  
pp. 2662-2670
Author(s):  
Adrian P. Banning ◽  
Andrew R.J. Mitchell ◽  
James D. Newton
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Transthoracic Echocardiography ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Flow Mapping ◽  
Data Provision ◽  
2D Imaging ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Video Material ◽  
Colour Flow Mapping

For video material relating to echocardiography, please go to Echocardiography Videos. Ease of use, rapid data provision, portability, and safety mean that echocardiography has become the principal investigation for almost all cardiac conditions. A modern transthoracic echocardiography examination combines real-time two-dimensional (2D) imaging of the myocardium and valves with information about velocity and direction of blood flow obtained by Doppler and colour-flow mapping. A complete examination can be performed in most patients in less than 30 min....

Echocardiography

2020 ◽  
pp. 3314-3326
Author(s):  
James D. Newton ◽  
Adrian P. Banning ◽  
Andrew R.J. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Flow Mapping ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Subjective Assessments ◽  
Data Provision ◽  
Ultrasound Technology ◽  
2D Imaging ◽  
The Right ◽  
Almost All

Ease of use, rapid data provision, portability, and safety mean that echocardiography has become the principal investigation for almost all cardiac conditions. A modern transthoracic echocardiography examination combines real-time two-dimensional (2D) imaging of the myocardium and valves with information about velocity and direction of blood flow obtained by Doppler and colour-flow mapping. A complete examination can be performed in most patients in less than 30 min. There are three main echocardiographic techniques: two-dimensional (cross-sectional), M-mode, and Doppler. Despite the rapid and substantial advances in ultrasound technology and the widespread use of echocardiography, it is important to recognize and understand the limitations of the technique. These include reliance on acoustic windows, evaluation at rest, subjective assessments, evaluation of complex structures such as the right ventricle remains a major challenge, and the fact that the scope of an ‘echo’ is broad.

Colour flow mapping of oesophagogastric varices and vessels in and around the liver with trans-oesophageal real-time two-dimensional doppler ultrasound

1987 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 487-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minoru Sukigara ◽  
Toshiro Komazaki ◽  
Tatsuo Yamazaki ◽  
Haruyuki Anzai ◽  
Isamu Koyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Flow Mapping ◽  
Colour Flow ◽  
Colour Flow Mapping

METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF VISUALIZATION OF CORONARY ARTERIES WITH TRANSTHORACIC ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY

2018 ◽  
pp. 26-35
Author(s):  
Z. A. Agaeva ◽  
K. B. Baghdasaryan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Coronary Blood Flow ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Transthoracic Echocardiography ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Anatomic Reconstruction ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Acoustic Window ◽  
Methodological Aspects

The transthoracic echocardiography made by multifrequency probes with support of the mode of the second harmonic imaging, is a competitive method for visualization of the main coronary arteries and allows to estimate coronary blood flow with high quality. Of course, the method has considerable restrictions, most important of which is the low spatial resolution of a method, due to small acoustic window. Because of this the transthoracic visualization of coronary arteries perhaps will not become the leading method of anatomic reconstruction of separately taken coronary artery and especially all coronary arteries system. However uniqueness and indisputable advantage of this method is an opportunity to noninvasively estimate a coronary blood flow both once, and in dynamics.

Two-dimensional-Wilkins and real-time transesophageal three-dimensional scoring systems: Which one is preferred to mitral valve morphological assessment?

2021 ◽  
pp. 021849232110304
Author(s):  
Mehrnoush Toufan ◽  
Zahra Jabbary ◽  
Naser Khezerlou aghdam
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Transthoracic Echocardiography ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Mitral Valve Area ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
Morphological Assessment ◽  
Valve Area

Background To quantify valvular morphological assessment, some two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) scoring systems have been developed to target the patients for balloon mitral valvuloplasty; however, each scoring system has some potential limitations. To achieve the best scoring system with the most features and the least restrictions, it is necessary to check the degree of overlap of these systems. Also the factors related to the accuracy of these systems should be studied. We aimed to determine the correlation between the 2D Wilkins and real-time transesophageal three-dimensional (RT3D-TEE) scoring systems. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed on 156 patients with moderate to severe mitral stenosis who were candidates for percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty. To morphologic assessment of mitral valve, patients were examined by 2D-transthoracic echocardiography and RT3D-TEE techniques on the same day. Results A strong association was found between total Wilkins and total RT3D-TEE scores (r = 0.809, p < 0.001). The mean mitral valve area assessed by the 2D and 3D was 1.07 ± 0.25 and 1.03 ± 0.26, respectively, indicating a mean difference of 0.037 cm2 (p = 0.001). We found a strong correlation between the values of mitral valve area assessed by 2D and 3D techniques (r = 0.846, p < 0.001). Conclusion There is a high correlation between the two scoring systems in terms of evaluating dominant morphological features. Partially, mitral valve area overestimation in the 2D-transthoracic echocardiography and its inability to assess commissural involvement as well as its dependence on patient age were exceptions in this study.

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