Sepsis Syndrome

Inflammatory Response ◽

Physical Examination ◽

Supportive Care ◽

Tissue Injury ◽

Tissue Perfusion ◽

Sepsis Syndrome ◽

Systemic Response ◽

Immune Mediated ◽

Patient’S History

Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is the specific host systemic response that may be elicited by various stimuli, including infection, burns, pancreatitis, ischemia, trauma, hemorrhage, immune-mediated tissue injury, and exogenous stimuli. 2. Sepsis is SIRS resulting from infection. Sepsis syndrome is sepsis with altered tissue perfusion of vital organs (resulting in oliguria, hypoxemia, elevated levels of lactate, or altered mentation or any combination of these conditions) When a patient has SIRS, the objective is to define its cause. If SIRS is caused by infection, appropriate antibiotics must be administered and supportive care guided by the patient's history and physical examination.

Sepsis Syndrome

The Brigham Intensive Review of Internal Medicine ◽

10.1093/med/9780199358274.003.0039 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 395-402

Author(s):

Joshua A. Englert ◽

Rebecca Marlene Baron

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

Inflammatory Response ◽

Innate Immune System ◽

Tissue Injury ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Sepsis Syndrome ◽

Clinical Syndrome ◽

High Morbidity ◽

Early Management ◽

Inflammatory State

Sepsis is a clinical syndrome characterized by systemic inflammation leading to tissue injury that arises as a complication of an infection. According to current paradigms, sepsis arises as a result of the infection of a normally sterile body compartment. Infection leads to activation of the innate immune system to produce a systemic inflammatory response. This response is a necessary component of the body's defense against infection under normal conditions, but it is the lack of regulation of this response that is central to the pathogenesis of sepsis. As discussed in more detail below, this dysregulated inflammatory state can lead to tissue injury and dysfunction in organs not involved in the original infectious insult. Although sepsis remains a condition with exceedingly high morbidity and mortality, recent early management and treatment strategies have demonstrated exciting improvements in overall outcomes.

Sepsis, sepsis syndrome, and the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Gulliver in Laputa

JAMA ◽

10.1001/jama.273.2.155 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 273 (2) ◽

pp. 155-156 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

R. C. Bone

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Response ◽

Sepsis Syndrome ◽

Mediators of Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome and the Role of Recombinant Activated Protein C in Sepsis Syndrome

Infectious Disease Clinics of North America ◽

10.1016/j.idc.2011.07.009 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 835-850 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Vivek Kak

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Response ◽

Protein C ◽

Activated Protein C ◽

Sepsis Syndrome ◽

How tissue injury alarms the immune system and causes a systemic inflammatory response syndrome

Annals of Intensive Care ◽

10.1186/2110-5820-2-27 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 27 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Jérôme Pugin

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

Inflammatory Response ◽

Tissue Injury ◽

Sepsis, Sepsis Syndrome, and the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS)

JAMA ◽

10.1001/jama.1995.03520260077036 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 273 (2) ◽

pp. 155 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Roger C. Bone

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Response ◽

Sepsis Syndrome ◽

Septic Shock and Sepsis Syndrome in Obstetric Patients

Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1155/s1064744994000645 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 190-201

Author(s):

Peter G. Pryde ◽

Bernard Gonik

Keyword(s):

Septic Shock ◽

Early Recognition ◽

Tissue Perfusion ◽

Sepsis Syndrome ◽

Clinical Syndrome ◽

Pharmacological Intervention ◽

Systemic Response ◽

Clinical Criteria ◽

Diagnostic Studies ◽

Microbial Toxins

Septic shock is a life-threatening clinical syndrome that, despite its rare occurrence in obstetrics, remains a leading cause of maternal mortality. Its pathophysiology is explained by a profound systemic response to a complex variety of host cellular and humoral mediators elaborated after exposure to microbial toxins. Early recognition, prompt diagnostic workup, and immediate initiation of therapy improve outcomes. Therefore, recent publications have popularized the concept of the “sepsis syndrome,” a preshock list of clinical criteria associated with progressive sepsis. Needed diagnostic studies should never be withheld because of “pregnancy concerns.” With critically ill patients, the risk-to-benefit ratio supports the use of these diagnostic studies in almost all circumstances. Standard therapy is directed principally at restoring tissue perfusion by intravascular volume expansion and in some instances vasoactive pharmacological intervention. Simultaneously, identification of the source of infection and commencement of appropriate empiric antibiotic treatment are critical. In some cases, surgical abscess drainage or debridement of infected necrotic tissue will need to be considered. Novel approaches to treatment that attempt to reduce the systemic response to microbial toxins are promising and under active investigation. Pregnancy-specific considerations include the following: 1) initial signs or symptoms of septic shock may be masked by normal physiologic alterations of pregnancy; 2) a mixed polymicrobial group of organisms, consistent with lower genital tract flora, should be anticipated; and 3) initial therapy should be directed at maternal concerns since adverse fetal effects are most likely the result of maternal decompensation.