systemic inflammatory response syndrome
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2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Antonio Villegas Rubio ◽  
Pilar Palomo Moraleda ◽  
Ana de Lucio Delgado ◽  
Gonzalo Solís Sánchez ◽  
Belén Prieto García ◽  
...  

Abstract The aim of this paper was to evaluate the usefulness of C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Procalcitonin (PCT) and Interleukine 6 (IL6) biomarkers in predicting the existence of Gram negative bloodstream infections (Gr-BSI) or the development of Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) during the first 24 hours of fever in pediatric cancer patients. The present study included a total of 103 consecutive fever episodes in 44 hemato-oncological pediatric patients, from whom samples for biomarkers CRP, PCT and IL6 were taken upon initial evaluation and then between 12 and 24 hours after.An IL6 value at the first evaluation (IL6-1) higher than 164 pg/ml and an increase in CRP higher than 291% between the first and subsequent samples (CRP-2vs1) showed a statistically significant OR of 26.03 and 19.62, respectively, in multivariate analysis.Conclusion: IL6-1 and CRP-2vs1 showed a strong, independent correlation with Gr-BSI and SIRS episodes and, therefore, could be used as reliable predictors of these kinds of severe episodes. The approach taken in our study, using biomarker variations over time as a variable, has shown itself to be an improvement in the predictive model.


Author(s):  
V. Rakshana ◽  
A. S. Arunkumar ◽  
Laya Mahadevan

For many years, the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) criteria were primarily considered for the diagnosis of sepsis, promoting the importance of inflammation. The definition and dia        gnostic criteria of sepsis has undergone a sizeable metamorphosis from the inception of standardized definitions of sepsis in 1991. In 1991, the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) and the Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) convened in Chicago and emphasized that sepsis is an ‘ongoing process’ of infection and considered SIRS score of two or more for diagnosis of sepsis. SOFA scoring system is an easily calculated system using parameters that are usually obtained during routine care of patients. This ensures that delays are avoided from requirement of any special investigations, making it reproducible in any number of healthcare settings.


JCI Insight ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (23) ◽  
Author(s):  
Breanne H. Y. Gibson ◽  
Colby C. Wollenman ◽  
Stephanie N. Moore-Lotridge ◽  
Patrick R. Keller ◽  
J. Blair Summitt ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Feifei Li ◽  
Ran Yan ◽  
Jun Wu ◽  
Zeren Han ◽  
Meng Qin ◽  
...  

Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome caused by infections that may lead to organ dysfunction with high mortality. With the rapid increase in the aging population and antimicrobial resistance, developing therapeutics for the treatment of sepsis has been an unmet medical need. Excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during inflammation is associated with the occurrence of sepsis. We report herein a treatment for sepsis based on PEGylated catalase, which can effectively break down hydrogen peroxide, a key component of ROS that is chemically stable and able to diffuse around the tissues and form downstream ROS. PEGylated catalase can effectively regulate the cytokine production by activated leukocytes, suppress the elevated level of AST, ALT, TNF-α, and IL-6 in mice with induced sepsis, and significantly improve the survival rate.


2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 1089-1104
Author(s):  
Yu. Yu. Borschev ◽  
I. Yu. Burovenko ◽  
A. B. Karaseva ◽  
S. M. Minasyan ◽  
E. S. Protsak ◽  
...  

Overweight and obesity are among the main factors of cardiovascular risk, but the prospective studies on the dependence between high-fat diets and weight gain yielded contradictory results. Different types of fats exert varying metabolic effects, and this fact leads to a difference in the risk associated with increasing body weight. The effects of fat quality in the daily diet on immunological status and resistance of myocardium to ischemic-reperfusion damage should be studied experimentally in biomedical models. The purpose of this work was to assess the effect of the qualitative composition of a high-fat diet used for induction of primary visceral obesity (PVO) in rats with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) upon myocardial resistance to ischemic-reperfusion injury, and levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines.The experiments were performed on adult male Wistar rats with PVO caused by 28-day consumption of any fat types: hydrogenated fats (HF), vegetable oils (VO), animal fats (AF) or milk fat (MF). The SIRS model included a combination of chemically induced colitis (CIC) and intragastric injection of a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent (AMA) for three days. Five days later, immunological and biochemical studies were conducted, as well as composition of intestinal microbiota in faecal samples, morphological changes in the structure of the large intestine, hemodynamic parameters and myocardial resistance to ischemic-reperfusion injury were studied in the model of isolated heart perfusion, by Langendorff technique.There was a significant increase in the concentration of anti-inflammatory cytokines in animals with SIRS, i.e., TNFα, IL-1α, IL-2, IL-8, as well as a decrease in TGF-1β, an anti-inflammatory cytokine. SIRS was accompanied by severe dietary disorders and evacuatory function of the gastrointestinal tract. Minimal changes in the intestinal microbiota composition, as well as the most pronounced regeneration signs of intestinal epithelium was observed in rats in the group with MF injection. There was a trend for increasing size of infarction in all the groups as compared with control, directly correlating with increase in BDNF and IL-2 production. However, a significant increase in the infarction size was found only in the group receiving milkfat, thus suggesting a decrease in myocardial resistance to ischemic reperfusion injury (IRI).Thus, the presence of SIRS in the primary obesity model is characterized by controllable change of inflammation markers and depends on the quality of dietary fats. The degree of morphofunctional deterioration of isolated heart, including a decrease in resistance to ischemia-reperfusion injury, correlates with the concentration of BDNF and IL-2 during the studied observation terms.


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