Case Studies Within Psychotherapy Trials

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Theoretical Orientation ◽  
Psychotherapy Research ◽  
Types Of Knowledge ◽  
Group Research ◽  
Expert Team ◽  
Dramatic Growth

The Cases Within Trials (CWT) model combines the randomized clinical trial (RCT) research design, based on quantitative group research, with richly and qualitatively detailed systematic case studies involving contrasting outcomes drawn from the experimental condition of the RCT. Chapter 1 of the book provides the broad historical and methodological context out of which the CWT method developed, including the recent dramatic growth of mixed-methods approaches in psychotherapy research generally, with an associated increase in their credibility and rigor. Chapter 2 presents the details of the CWT method and its application to Chapters 3–6, which present four specific projects that concretely illustrate the CWT method. The four projects vary across such dimensions as theoretical orientation and type of mental disorder. To facilitate comparison across projects, each is organized in three main sections, including results gained from the RCT, results gained from the case studies, and a synthesis of the two types of knowledge. Each project concludes with a commentary by an outside expert (or expert team) in the theoretical and disorder focus of the project. Chapter 7 presents an outside perspective on the four projects from a research team highly experienced in conducting and thinking about traditional RCTs. In view of the four projects as a whole, Chapter 8 presents the editors’ summary and analysis of themes and guidelines for the future embodied in the knowledge gained from the four projects.

An Outside Perspective

2016 ◽  
pp. 327-336
Author(s):  
Harold Chui ◽  
Sarah Bloch-Elkouby ◽  
Jacques P. Barber
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Psychotherapy Research ◽  
Confirmatory Bias ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods

Case Studies Within Psychotherapy Trials: Integrating Qualitative and Quantitative Methods presents a specific, mixed-methods approach, called the “Cases Within Trials” (CWT) model, to psychotherapy research, combining the results from a randomized clinical trial (RCT) with systematic case studies involving contrasting outcomes drawn from the experimental condition of the RCT; and a synthesis of the two types of knowledge. Chapters 3–6 of the book present four specific and diverse projects that concretely illustrate the CWT method. Chapter 7 presents an outside perspective on the four projects from a research team expert in conducting traditional RCTs. The authors explore the benefits of the CWT approach, such as confirming certain findings and challenging other findings in the quantitative group literature, and coming up with new hypotheses emerging from individual differences within group findings. In addition, the authors document some of the challenges of the CWT approach, such as confirmatory bias and case selection.

Navigating the Projects

2016 ◽  
pp. 26-36
Author(s):  
Daniel B. Fishman
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Psychotherapy Research ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Types Of Knowledge

Case Studies Within Psychotherapy Trials: Integrating Qualitative and Quantitative Methods presents a specific, mixed-methods approach, called the “Cases Within Trials” (CWT) model, to psychotherapy research. The CWT model combines the randomized clinical trial (RCT) research design, based on quantitative group research, with richly, qualitatively detailed systematic case studies involving contrasting outcomes drawn from the experimental condition of the RCT. Specifically, the CWT model involves three components: results gained from the RCT, results gained from the case studies; and a synthesis of the two types of knowledge. Chapter 2 of the book is a “reader’s guide” to the details of the CWT method and its application to four illustrative RCT projects in Chapters 3–6 of the book.

Themes and Lessons Learned

2016 ◽  
pp. 337-361
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Psychotherapy Research ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Change Mechanisms

Case Studies Within Psychotherapy Trials: Integrating Qualitative and Quantitative Methods presents a specific, mixed-methods approach, called the “Cases Within Trials” (CWT) model, to psychotherapy research, combining the results from a randomized clinical trial (RCT) with systematic case studies involving contrasting outcomes drawn from the experimental condition of the RCT; and a synthesis of the two types of knowledge. Chapters 3–6 of the book present four specific and diverse projects that concretely illustrate the CWT method. In Chapter 8 the editors analyze the four chapters and explore emergent themes in the knowledge gained from them. In the process, the editors systematically compare the positive-outcome and negative-outcome cases across the four projects, highlighting, for example, (a) the importance of contextual variables in creating the conditions for change mechanisms to be activated; (b) the multidimensional, reciprocally interactional nature of the therapy process; and (c) the particular role of therapist responsiveness.

“Cool Kids/Chilled Adolescents”

2016 ◽  
pp. 39-107
Author(s):  
Mikael Thastum ◽  
Irene Lundkvist-Houndoumadi ◽  
Kristian Bech Arendt ◽  
Silke Stjerneklar ◽  
Daniel B. Fishman
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Behavioral Treatment ◽  
Psychotherapy Research ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Treatment ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods

Case Studies Within Psychotherapy Trials: Integrating Qualitative and Quantitative Methods presents a specific, mixed-methods approach, called the “Cases Within Trials” (CWT) model, to psychotherapy research, combining the results from a randomized clinical trial (RCT); the results of richly and qualitatively detailed systematic case studies involving contrasting outcomes drawn from the experimental condition of the RCT; and a synthesis of the two types of knowledge. Chapter 3 of the book applies this model to an RCT study of a group-based, cognitive-behavioral treatment (CBT)—called “Cool Kids/Chilled Adolescents”—for youth anxiety in Denmark. Finding a substantial statistical advantage of the CBT treatment to a waiting-list control condition, the authors then analyze and compare the positive-outcome case of Lisa with the negative-outcome case of Marius, both drawn from the CBT condition.

Doing Wrong to ‘Lulu’ and ‘Nana’? Applying Parfit to the He Jiankui Experiment

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-170
Author(s):  
Norman K. Swazo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Genomic Research ◽  
Human Embryos ◽  
Derek Parfit ◽  
Identity Problem ◽  
Vitro Fertilization

In November 2018, Dr. He Jiankui announced the birth of two baby girls born through the use of in vitro fertilization technology and the use of the gene-editing tool CRISPR-Cas9. There has been nigh uniform international condemnation of the clinical trial for violating international norms governing genomic research, especially research in human embryos that has implications for the germline. At issue also is the question whether the parents and the clinical research team harmed, and therefore wronged, the two girls. Here this question is engaged through application of the reasoning Derek Parfit has provided on the non-identity problem. One concludes that on this reasoning the parents are not morally culpable on that argument, although there is other reasoning that is to be considered to resist the Parfitian conclusion.

Conclusion

2021 ◽  
pp. 241-262
Author(s):  
M.I. Franklin
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Music And Politics ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Politics Of Race ◽  
Political Economic

The Conclusion draws on the empirical findings of each chapter in order to theorize—reflect on—our way “out” of these case studies. It follows on from the conceptual and methodological themes laid out in Chapter 1, challenges presented to scholarship across the disciplinary spectrum that looks to locate and track where, and how, “politics” (of race, class, gender, and religion) are now being rendered as and through music. Chapter 7 recapitulates the main themes from each chapter as references to audio clips, suggested listening, in order to underscore the findings of this study: how music-and-politics and, or music-as-politics sound within, and between sociocultural and political economic settings. Getting closer to how these practices and sound archives work means taking into account creative practices and performance cultures not only of music making but also of music taking. This final chapter can also function as an introduction for the book as the flipside of Chapter 1.

Criminalizing Villainy

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-41
Author(s):  
Jonathan Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Concepts And Categories ◽  
Late Fifteenth

In juridical theory, a villainy implied a malicious offence in word or deed that took on a legal dimension if it was particularly grievous, and thus warranted judicial redress. Chapter 1 gives an overview of the juridical concepts and categories of crime that were associated with ‘villainous’ or ‘foul’ allegations known as vilains cas. From the late fifteenth century, the notion of vilain cas expanded to include the very worst crimes (those dubbed vilains et énormes). Chapter 1 ends with two case studies of vilains cas, showing how in practice, punishing a villainy and even identifying a villain in law was far from straightforward.

The Efficacy of Interpersonal Psychotherapy – Adolescent Skills Training (IPT-AST) in Preventing Depression

2016 ◽  
pp. 119-180
Author(s):  
Sarah S. Kerner ◽  
Jami F. Young
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
School Counseling ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Psychotherapy Research ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Interpersonal Psychotherapy ◽  
Interpersonal Therapy ◽  
Usual Condition ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods

Case Studies Within Psychotherapy Trials: Integrating Qualitative and Quantitative Methods presents a specific, mixed-methods approach, called the “Cases Within Trials” (CWT) model, to psychotherapy research combining the results from a randomized clinical trial (RCT); the results of richly and qualitatively detailed systematic case studies involving contrasting outcomes drawn from the experimental condition of the RCT; and a synthesis of the two types of knowledge. Chapter 4 of the book applies this model to a study of the application of a group-based, interpersonal therapy treatment—called “Interpersonal Psychotherapy—Adolescent Skills Training” (IPT-AST)—in preventing depression in adolescents. Finding a substantial statistical advantage of the interpersonal treatment over a “school counseling as usual” condition, the authors then analyze and compare the positive-outcome case of Menorka with the negative-outcome case of Shelly, both drawn from the IPT-AST condition.

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