scholarly journals Response to Letter to the Editor Regarding Risk Factors for Postpartum Depression in Active Duty Women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valencia Garcia ◽  
Eric Meyer ◽  
Catherine Witkop
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Active Duty ◽  
Letter To The Editor

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Postpartum Depression in Active Duty Women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valencia Garcia ◽  
Eric Meyer ◽  
Catherine Witkop
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Active Duty ◽  
Military Spouses ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Medical Subject Headings ◽  
Complication Risk ◽  
Screening And Prevention

ABSTRACT Introduction Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common perinatal complication. Risk factors previously found to correlate with PPD in civilians include prenatal depression, childcare stress, limited social support, difficult infant temperament, and maternity blues. Previously identified risk factors in military spouses include spouse deployment/redeployment cycles. It is unclear if these previously identified risk factors are also a risk factor for AD women or if the additional stressors associated with being on active duty (AD) are risk factors for PPD. The purpose of this review is to determine if civilian risk factors have been found to put AD women at risk for PPD and to identify unique risk factors for PPD in AD women. Materials and Methods A scoping literature review was performed using PubMed, Defense Technical Information Center, and PsychINFO. The searches were conducted using relevant medical subject headings and keywords. The inclusion criteria included articles published since 1948 (the year women were legally allowed to join the military) that reference risk factors for postpartum/peripartum depression in AD women serving in the U.S. military. The following exclusion criteria were also applied: in a language other than English, opinion papers, and/or not published in a peer-reviewed journal. Articles meeting criteria were evaluated and mapped to stressors previously identified in the literature for civilian and military spouses with PPD with novel stressors identified as mapping outside this framework. Results Only two articles met the inclusion criteria. The first study included 87 AD women. The second study, a cohort study between 2001 and 2008, included 1660 AD women. Unique risk factors identified in AD women include previous deployments, serving in the Army, smoking status, alcohol use, and low self-esteem. Conclusions Few studies have investigated the risk factors for PPD in AD women. It appears that AD women share many risk factors, or variants of those risk factors, for PPD as their civilian and AD spouse counterparts, but there are also unique risks to consider. More work is needed to improve screening and prevention efforts.

Premenstrual syndrome and dysphoric disorder as risk factors for postpartum depression

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara M. Sylvén ◽  
Lisa Ekselius ◽  
Inger Sundström-Poromaa ◽  
Alkistis Skalkidou
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Premenstrual Syndrome

scholarly journals The Connections of Pregnancy-, Delivery-, and Infant-Related Risk Factors and Negative Life Events on Postpartum Depression and Their Role in First and Recurrent Depression

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pirjo Kettunen ◽  
Eeva Koistinen ◽  
Jukka Hintikka
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Recurrent Depression ◽  
Physical Problems ◽  
Adverse Experiences ◽  
Breastfeeding Cessation ◽  
Axis I

Introduction. The aim of this study is to assess how negative life events and adverse experiences with pregnancy, delivery, the infant(s), and breastfeeding cessation impact on postpartum depression (PPD), specifically in first lifetime and recurrent depression. Method. The study group comprised 104 mothers with a current episode of PPD and a control group of 104 mothers who did not have current PPD. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I) was used for data collection. The course of the depression, adverse experiences, and breastfeeding were assessed by self-reports. Results. In age-adjusted multivariate analyses, mental and physical problems during pregnancy or delivery, postpartum problems with the infant and breastfeeding cessation, and negative life events during the previous 12 months were associated with postpartum depression. Eighteen percent (18%) of the mothers had first depression and 82% recurrent depression. Mental and physical problems during pregnancy or delivery were associated with both first lifetime and recurrent depression. Nevertheless, negative life events and infant/breastfeeding issues associated only with recurrent depression. Conclusion. Factors associated with pregnancy and delivery have an impact on PPD, but in recurrent depression other postnatal and psychosocial factors are also important risk factors.

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