Cognitivism at the Movies

2020 ◽  
pp. 190-216
Author(s):  
William P. Seeley
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Comprehension ◽  
Situation Models ◽  
Biased Competition ◽  
Competition Theory

Chapter 7 explores cognitivism as an alternative to realist and semiotic theories of the nature of film. The chapter develops a diagnostic recognition framework for film derived from a biased competition theory of attention and research on the role played by situation models in narrative comprehension.

Accessibility and situation models in narrative comprehension

1987 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel G Morrow ◽  
Steven L Greenspan ◽  
Gordon H Bower
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Comprehension ◽  
Situation Models

Artists, Artworks, Aesthetics, Cognition

2021 ◽  
pp. 132-136
Author(s):  
William P. Seeley
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Semantic Role ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Biased Competition ◽  
Competition Theory

Skepticism about neuroaesthetics emerges from a contrast between aesthetic and cognitivist theories of art. Neuroaesthetics represents an aesthetic approach to understanding art. Aesthetic approaches identify the defining features of artworks by their aesthetic features and the affective profile of the experiences they engender. Cognitivist theories, in contrast, define artworks as communicative devices intentionally designed to convey some point, purpose, or meaning. In the article under discussion, the author argues that the conflict between these two views is overblown. He introduces a diagnostic recognition framework for understanding art grounded in a biased competition theory of selective attention. The framework defines artworks as attentional engines intentionally designed to orient perceivers to diagnostic features, including aesthetic features, that carry information about their point, purpose, or meaning. The artistic salience of aesthetic features of a work on this account, consistent with a cognitivist approach, lies in the semantic role they play in the expression of the work’s point, purpose, or meaning.

Updating situation models during narrative comprehension

1989 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel G Morrow ◽  
Gordon H Bower ◽  
Steven L Greenspan
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Comprehension ◽  
Situation Models

scholarly journals Attentional Modulation of Affective Versus Sensory Processing: Functional Connectivity and a Top-Down Biased Activation Theory of Selective Attention

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 1649-1660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Grabenhorst ◽  
Edmund T. Rolls
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Attentional Biases ◽  
Seed Region ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Biased Competition ◽  
Competition Theory ◽  
Activation Theory ◽  
Psychophysiological Interaction ◽  
Affective Value

Top-down selective attention to the affective properties of taste stimuli increases activation to the taste stimuli in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and pregenual cingulate cortex (PGC), and selective attention to the intensity of the stimuli increases the activation in the insular taste cortex, but the origin of the top-down attentional biases is not known. Using psychophysiological interaction connectivity analyses, we showed that in the anterior lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) at Y = 53 mm the correlation with activity in OFC and PGC seed regions was greater when attention was to pleasantness compared with when attention was to intensity. Conversely, we showed that in a more posterior region of the LPFC at Y = 34 the correlation with activity in the anterior insula seed region was greater when attention was to intensity compared with when attention was to pleasantness. We also showed that correlations between areas in these separate processing streams were dependent on selective attention to affective value versus physical intensity of the stimulus. We then propose a biased activation theory of selective attention to account for the findings and contrast this with a biased competition theory of selective attention.

The Construction of Situation Models in Narrative Comprehension: An Event-Indexing Model

1995 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 292-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf A. Zwaan ◽  
Mark C. Langston ◽  
Arthur C. Graesser
Keyword(s):  
Strong Support ◽  
Narrative Comprehension ◽  
Situation Models ◽  
Focal Points ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Indexing Model

In this article, we propose and test a model of how readers construct representations of the situations described in simple narratives the event-indexing model According to the event-indexing model, events are the focal points of situations conveyed in narratives and are connected in memory along five dimensions time, space, protagonist, causality, and intentionality The results of a verb-clustering task provide strong support for the event-indexing model

scholarly journals A Biased Competition Theory of Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Interaction with Tumor Nodules

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e0120053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Christophe ◽  
Sabina Müller ◽  
Magda Rodrigues ◽  
Anne-Elisabeth Petit ◽  
Patrick Cattiaux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Biased Competition ◽  
Competition Theory
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