Childhood: Social Development

Author(s):  
Scott A. Miller

This chapter provides a complement to the previous chapter through a consideration of parents’ beliefs about children’s social development. Five topics are considered: emotional development (including emotion recognition and emotion regulation), aggression (including bullying), moral development, peer relations, and gender-role development. These topics are not neatly compartmentalized; rather, aspects of two or more often flow together as children deal with their social worlds. Controlling one’s emotions, for example, may be necessary to avoid an aggressive act, which in turn may help to maintain good social relations with others. The author explores these interrelations throughout the chapter.

This volume synthesizes and integrates the broad literature in the subdisciplines of developmental psychology. The volume features an opening chapter by the volume editor outlining the organization of the field, as well as a concluding chapter in which the volume editor outlines future directions for developmental psychology. This volume synthesizes the developmental psychological literatures in such areas as personality and emotional development, emotion regulation, social development, peer relationships, play, gender development, self-conceptualizing, aggression and anti-social behavior, and risk and resilience in development.


2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 636-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Carnaghi ◽  
Joel Anderson ◽  
Mauro Bianchi

In three studies, heterosexual participants were presented with descriptions of heterosexual and gay-male parents. Importantly, the level of gender-role conformity of the gay-male parents was experimentally manipulated, resulting in their level of gender-role conformity ranging from high to low. Compared to the son of a heterosexual couple, the son of all gay-male couples had a lower expected likelihood of developing as heterosexual. This result was independent of the level of gender-role conformity of the gay-male couples (study 1–3). The beliefs about the gender-role development of the son, in terms of anticipated masculinity (study 1), gender stereotyping (study 2), and affective adjustment (study 3), mapped onto the level of gender-role conformity of the parents, regardless of their sexual orientation. Also, heterosexual parents were consistently judged more positively than gay-male parents, independently of their level of gender-role conformity (study 1–3). Results were discussed within the theoretical framework of stereotypes about gay-male parenting.


1981 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anke A. Ehrhardt ◽  
Susan E. Ince ◽  
Heino F. L. Meyer-Bahlburg

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