Conclusion

Author(s):  
James C. Raines ◽  
Nic T. Dibble

Our goal in writing this book was to make it fundamentally different from most other books on ethics. First, we focused on sharing a process of making ethically sound and justifiable decisions, rather than addressing specific issues that require ethical judgments. The process involves taking proactive steps to be as well prepared as possible to manage ethical predicaments. School mental health professionals should analyze the situation fully, followed by seeking consultation from authoritative and objective sources, before identifying a full range of possible courses of action. Those courses of action and their anticipated outcomes for both the student and stakeholders are carefully considered. The selected course of action is “tested” before implementation to help ensure the best possible outcomes for the student and stakeholders and avoid unanticipated, adverse outcomes. The pupil services professional documents the steps taken to make the decision and is prepared to justify the decision, should any criticism arise. Finally, the implemented course of action is monitored and reflected upon to protect the student and improve future professional practice....

Author(s):  
Elizabeth K. Rhoades

This chapter provides an overview of the difficulties facing LGBTQ+ youth in schools and their barriers to healthy psychosocial development. The risk and resiliency model is applied to these challenges, and specific risk factors and resiliency factors are explored. The focus is on means to foster healthy growth and development in sexual minority students through developing school-based programs and practices that have been proven to increase resiliency. The chapter provides specific strategies for school-based mental health professionals to use to increase resiliency in sexual minority youth through the application of school-wide policies and practices. Strategies for making such systemic changes and garnering support are also presented.


Author(s):  
Ryan P. Kilmer ◽  
Virginia Gil-Rivas ◽  
Steven J. Hardy

This chapter seeks to help teachers and school mental health professionals understand the needs of students who have faced a disaster or terrorism and identify strategies for school-based responses. The chapter provides an overview of the effects of these events on school children and youths, including relevant developmental and cultural considerations, and the impact on the school setting. Then, the discussion emphasizes recommendations for, and possible responses by, teachers, school-based mental health professionals, and administrators. Indeed, just as these traumas can affect multiple levels of school children’s lives, the needed response of school-based professionals can be framed as multi-level, ranging from curricular modification to interventions specifically targeting youngsters’ socio-emotional needs. The sections that follow seek to inform and guide responses for school personnel and provide clear, “actionable” recommendations.


Author(s):  
James C. Raines ◽  
Nic T. Dibble

Ethical decision making in school mental health provides mental health professionals with a seven-step approach to managing ethical predicaments. It combines guidance from four major codes of ethics, including the American School Counseling Association, National Association of School Nurses, National Association of School Psychologists, and National Association of Social Workers. Ethical issues are endemic for mental health professionals working with minors in a host setting like schools. New interventions, evolving technologies, and a patchwork of ethical and legal guidelines create a constant stream of new ethical dilemmas. Longstanding and complex questions rarely give way to quick and easy answers. The seven-step model presented here enables readers to apply a practical process that minimizes their liability and protects their students. Beginning with an introduction of the moral, legal, and clinical foundations that undergird ethical practice, the authors present an ethical decision-making model with seven steps: know yourself and your responsibilities, analyze the dilemma, seek consultation, identify courses of action, manage clinical concerns, enact the decision, and reflect on the process. The second edition includes meticulously updated chapters based on recent changes to all of the codes of ethics over the past 10 years. It also has a new chapter on the universal issue of ethical recordkeeping. This handy guide is written for multidisciplinary teams of mental health professionals, including school social workers, school psychologists, school nurses, and school counselors. It provides a trusty resource with the following elements: Clearly organized chapters that introduce a process approach to ethical decision-making; Interprofessional and collaborative approach to working with other stakeholders; Case examples and practice exercises illustrate real work application of ethical guidelines; and Glossary, web resources, and U.S. Supreme Court decisions on students’ civil rights.


Author(s):  
James C. Raines ◽  
Nic T. Dibble

Implementing the decision begins by double-checking that the course of action that is chosen passes six ethical tests prior to enactment. The chapter focuses on six final checks: the Golden Rule, fiduciary responsibility, justice and fairness, publicity, universality, and mitigation of harm. It recommends that mental health professionals be prepared to justify the decision by managing criticism. Criticism can be assuaged by emphasizing protection of the client, a focus on the present, and the positive outcomes achieved. It recommends that clinicians document their ethical decision-making process and use established parameters to justify their decision.


1998 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 420-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lois T. Flaherty ◽  
Ellen G. Garrison ◽  
Robyn Waxman ◽  
Patricia F. Uris ◽  
Susan G. Keys ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Elizabeth K. Rhoades

This chapter provides an overview of the difficulties facing LGBTQ+ youth in schools and their barriers to healthy psychosocial development. The risk and resiliency model is applied to these challenges, and specific risk factors and resiliency factors are explored. The focus is on means to foster healthy growth and development in sexual minority students through developing school-based programs and practices that have been proven to increase resiliency. The chapter provides specific strategies for school-based mental health professionals to use to increase resiliency in sexual minority youth through the application of school-wide policies and practices. Strategies for making such systemic changes and garnering support are also presented.


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