Structure and Structural Change in Macroeconomic Theory

2021 ◽  
pp. 72-94
Author(s):  
Codrina Rada
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Structural Change ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Macroeconomic Theory ◽  
Dual Economy ◽  
Macroeconomic Models ◽  
Causal Structures

Macroeconomic models are built on causal structures that reflect choices made with respect to the variables that are solved from the model and those assumed exogenous. These choices are the ‘closures’ of the model. Differences in closures can lead to stark qualitative differences in the model’s solutions of macroeconomic equilibrium, and should therefore reflect the basic structure of the economy. In order to highlight these differences, closures are discussed first in the context of one-sector models. Closing mechanisms become even more consequential for models that formalize economies with multiple sectors. The second part of the chapter thus extends the discussion to multi-sector models and, particularly, to dual economy models. These models are especially relevant for understanding the process of structural change in developing countries and its implications for growth and development.

Determinants of structural change in food exports from developing countries

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juthathip Jongwanich ◽  
Nedelyn Magtibay-Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Structural Change

Scenario Planning for Technical Knowledge Development

2018 ◽  
pp. 50-74
Author(s):  
Maryam Ebrahimi
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Scenario Planning ◽  
Technical Knowledge ◽  
Completion Rates ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Easy Task ◽  
Causal Loop ◽  
Validation Test

Localizing and creating technical knowledge in the developing countries to make them able to compete in the international arena will not be an easy task to undertake as it involves complexities and uncertainties. In this regard, methods of modeling and simulation help understanding the reality and thereby delineating the future. This paper discusses using system dynamics methodology in the Petrochemical Research and Technology Company (Iran). After determining causal loop diagrams, a dynamic model, and validation test, in order to improve the system, related scenarios to the research are proposed. The results show that research financing is a major obstacle in the course of growth and development; accordingly, some scenarios are recommended to increase technical knowledge through raising the initiation and completion rates of research projects. The paper closes with a description of the suggested scenarios.

8 A Proposed Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Thomas K
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Competition Law ◽  
Competition Authority ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
Competition Law Enforcement

This chapter offers a coherent approach to competition law enforcement in developing countries. The promotion of economic growth and development should be the paramount objective of competition law enforcement in developing countries. However, ascribing the objective of the promotion of economic growth and development to competition law enforcement in developing countries does not require a detraction from a focus on promoting competition. In addition, competition law enforcement in developing countries must abide by the principle of causing no harm to the poor in society. If a developing country decides to pursue industrial policy, its competition authority may be asked to balance between competition and industrial policy objectives. Ultimately, competition law enforcement in developing countries must take into account the economic characteristics of developing countries as well as the enforcement capacity of developing country authorities.

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