Online Child Safety

2021 ◽  
pp. 376-394
Author(s):  
John Carr
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Child Pornography ◽  
Children's Rights ◽  
Children’S Rights ◽  
Child Safety ◽  
Online Bullying ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Initial Focus

This chapter looks at the history and development of online child safety and how industry and regulatory responses have evolved. It shows how the agenda broadened from an initial focus largely on child abuse images (child pornography) and paedophile behaviour through to wider concerns such as age-inappropriate content, including legal pornography and violent or extremist materials. There is also a discussion of how technologies are having an impact on the overall quality of children’s lives. Children’s rights online, bullying, privacy, self-harm, and self-generated sexualized pictures and videos are now considered mainstream matters by those engaged with children’s welfare.

Constitutional Protection of Children’s Rights: Visibility, Agency and Enforceability

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-434
Author(s):  
Conor O’Mahony
Keyword(s):  
Children's Rights ◽  
Children’S Rights ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
Child Rights ◽  
Constitutional Protection ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
National Constitution

Abstract While almost every state in the world has ratified the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, there is less consensus around the manner in which the rights protected by it should be protected in national constitutions. To say that a constitution makes provision for children’s rights is just a starting point: the extent to which a national constitution takes a genuine child rights approach will depend on the quality of the constitutional provisions in question. This article aims to provide a typology which can be used to assess whether the approach taken by any given constitution to the protection of children’s rights is in line with the child rights approach envisaged by the Convention by analysing individual constitutions along three separate spectrums. The Visibility spectrum measures how visible children are in a constitutional scheme; the Agency spectrum measures the extent to which children are considered to be independent, autonomous rights holders; and the Enforceability spectrum measures the extent to which children’s constitutional rights can be enforced.

scholarly journals Bycie dziecka w Polsce „dobrej zmiany”– między Konwencją o Prawach Dziecka a rzeczywistością

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 114-124
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Dagiel ◽  
Małgorzata Kowalik-Olubińska
Keyword(s):  
Child Welfare ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Children's Rights ◽  
Children’S Rights ◽  
Political Reality ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
Family State

The aim of the authors is to show the situation of the child in contemporary Poland at a time of a policy of ‘good change’ viewed through the lens of children’s rights guaranteed by the Convention on the Rights of the Child. The authors analysed a discourse of the Ombudsmen for Children’s interventions in order to reconstruct the image of being of the child in a new socio-political reality in Poland. The analysis shows the disagreement between the assumptions of the pro-family state policy and the situation of the child in Poland. Concern about child welfare presented by the governmental authorities is apparent and insufficient, which adversely affects children’s well-being and the quality of their lives.

Pain with Punishment and The Negotiation of Childhood: An Ethnographic Analysis of Children's Rights Processes in Maasailand

Africa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Archambault
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Corporal Punishment ◽  
Children's Rights ◽  
Children’S Rights ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
School Settings ◽  
Children’S Learning ◽  
Ethnographic Analysis ◽  
Children's Learning

Children's rights activists contend that corporal punishment in schools is a form of child abuse which hinders children's learning. Yet most parents and teachers in Maasailand, Kenya consider corporal punishment, if properly employed, to be one of the most effective ways to instil the discipline necessary for children to learn and grow well. Responding to calls for a more empirical anthropology of rights, this article provides an ethnographic analysis of the practice of corporal punishment in domestic and primary school settings, exploring its pedagogical, developmental and social significance, and illuminating its role in the production and negotiation of identities and personhood.

scholarly journals Adults’ Endorsement of Children’s Protection and Participation Rights and Likelihood of Reporting Abuse

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 352-377
Author(s):  
Ashling Bourke ◽  
Sonia Morris ◽  
Catherine Maunsell
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Children's Rights ◽  
Children’S Rights ◽  
Irish Society ◽  
Participation Rights ◽  
Children’S Participation ◽  
Children's Participation ◽  
Two Age Groups

Children’s rights only serve their purpose in as far as they are recognised as rights by those who can exercise them. This study examined a sample of Irish adults’ (predominantly students; n=83) perceptions of children’s participation and protection rights across two age groups of children (seven- and 14-year-olds). Participants completed the Perceptions of Children’s Rights Questionnaires and likelihood of reporting child abuse online. A within-groups four-factor anova examined differences between the perceptions participation and protection rights across the two age categories. Participants endorsed protection rights more than participation rights for both age groups and reported a higher endorsement of protection rights and a lower endorsement of participation rights for seven-year-olds compared with 14-year-olds. Participants were more likely to report the abuse of a seven-year-old compared with a 14-year-old, and participants’ endorsement of protection rights significantly predicted likelihood of reporting abuse. These findings have implications for how children’s rights are viewed in Irish society and how these rights may be enacted.

Children's Rights: What Children Think about them

1987 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 2-5
Author(s):  
Mary Nixon ◽  
Fatimah Haron
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Young People ◽  
Child Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Children's Rights ◽  
Children’S Rights ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Children And Young Adults ◽  
Children’S Views ◽  
The Right

AbstractChild abuse and neglect can be thought of as violations of children's rights. Declarations of children's rights have been formulated by adults; they are intended to be internationally valid, but little attempt has been made to find out what children themselves think about their rights, in any country.This study compared the views of Malaysian children and young adults with those of Australians. In both countries the right to love, affection and understanding ranked highly. Few children ranked highly their rights to freedom from fear of harm, or to protection; young adults ranked them more highly than the children. Most young people perceived schools as holding views very different from their own on children's rights. If schools are to perform a useful function in preventing abuse and neglect, children's views of schools may need to change, perhaps through changes in the schools.

scholarly journals A Rational Theory of the Rights of Children

Studia Humana ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Ian Hersum
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Children's Rights ◽  
The State ◽  
Children’S Rights ◽  
Rational Theory ◽  
Philosophical Framework ◽  
Laissez Faire

AbstractLibertarianism has often found itself under attack from those with misplaced maternal instincts, who champion the state as the honorable protector of the vulnerable – and there is no one more in need of protection than a helpless infant. Consequently, much of the vitriol aimed at libertarianism and its laissez-faire attitude has included morbid references to child abuse and exploitation which would supposedly result from its implementation. It is therefore imperative that more work be done on the topic of children’s rights in order to reinforce the philosophical framework developed by Murray Rothbard [9] and expanded on by Walter Block and others [2], [3], [5], [6]. The purpose of this paper is to provide an independent rational foundation for the conclusions drawn by Block and co-authors [2], [5] and to expand on parts that are insufficient.

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