two age groups
Recently Published Documents


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

564
(FIVE YEARS 163)

H-INDEX

34
(FIVE YEARS 4)

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 198
Author(s):  
Nao Mitsui ◽  
Noriko Hida ◽  
Taro Kamiya ◽  
Taigi Yamazaki ◽  
Kazuki Miyazaki ◽  
...  

Minitablets have garnered interest as a new paediatric formulation that is easier to swallow than liquid formulations. In Japan, besides the latter, fine granules are frequently used for children. We examined the swallowability of multiple drug-free minitablets and compared it with that of fine granules and liquid formulations in 40 children of two age groups (n = 20 each, aged 6–11 and 12–23 months). We compared the percentage of children who could swallow minitablets without chewing with that of children who could swallow fine granules or liquid formulations without leftover. The children who visited the paediatric department of Showa University Hospital were enrolled. Their caregivers were allowed to choose the administration method. In total, 37 out of 40 caregivers dispersed the fine granules in water. Significantly more children (80%, 95% CI: 56–94%) aged 6–11 months could swallow the minitablets than those who could swallow all the dispersed fine granules and liquid formulations (22%, 95% CI: 6–47% and 35%, 95% CI: 15–59%, respectively). No significant differences were observed in children aged 12–23 months. Hence, minitablets may be easier to swallow than dispersed fine granules and liquid formulations in children aged 6–11 months.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Manry ◽  
Paul Bastard ◽  
Adrian Gervais ◽  
Tom Le Voyer ◽  
Jérémie Rosain ◽  
...  

Abstract SARS-CoV-2 infection fatality rate (IFR) doubles with every five years of age from childhood onward. Circulating autoantibodies neutralizing IFN-α, IFN-ω, and/or IFN-β are found in ~20% of deceased patients across age groups. In the general population, they are found in ~1% of individuals aged 20-70 years and in >4% of those >70 years old. With a sample of 1,261 deceased patients and 34,159 uninfected individuals, we estimated both IFR and relative risk of death (RRD) across age groups for individuals carrying autoantibodies neutralizing type I IFNs, relative to non-carriers. For autoantibodies neutralizing IFN-α2 or IFN-ω, the RRD was 17.0[95% CI:11.7-24.7] for individuals under 70 years old and 5.8[4.5-7.4] for individuals aged 70 and over, whereas, for autoantibodies neutralizing both molecules, the RRD was 188.3[44.8-774.4] and 7.2[5.0-10.3], respectively. IFRs increased with age, from 0.17%[0.12-0.31] for individuals <40 years old to 26.7%[20.3-35.2] for those ≥80 years old for autoantibodies neutralizing IFN-α2 or IFN-ω, and from 0.84%[0.31-8.28] to 40.5%[27.82-61.20] for the same two age groups, for autoantibodies neutralizing both molecules. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs increase IFRs, and are associated with high RRDs, particularly those neutralizing both IFN-α2 and -ω. Remarkably, IFR increases with age, whereas RRD decreases with age. Autoimmunity to type I IFNs appears to be second only to age among common predictors of COVID-19 death.


2022 ◽  
Vol 0 (45) ◽  
pp. 26-52
Author(s):  
Ala’a Jasim Obaid ◽  
◽  
Bayda Ali Al-Obaydi

The present study deals with the strategies used in the Arabic translations of the most popular genres of children’s literature; namely fairy tales and fables as an attempt to identify the best methods and strategies to be adopted in translating these genres to fulfill the ultimate purpose of enriching the children’s knowledge in addition to attracting their interest and arousing the joy sought for in every piece of literature. The study sets off from three dominating trends: the first calls for the adoption of domestication strategy of translation as the most appropriate and effective strategy in translation for children. In the same line, the second opposes using the foreignization strategy, while the third trend advocates for the joint employment of various strategies to fulfill certain requirements and needs that would be called upon within the context such as didactic purposes. Throughout the process of examining and verifying the theses of these trends, samples of translations of the genres are chosen based on the most popular and well known fairy tales and fables either circulated in written form or televised as movies or cartoons; namely Hans Christian Andersen’s Fairy Tales and Aesop’s Fables. These samples are subjected to translation quality assessment to come out with a quality statement to highlight their merits and demerits. The receptors’ (children) impact is also sought via conducting a field study that has been designed for children of two age groups defined by specialized scholars as intended receptors of the genre


Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Kateřina Podolská

The aim of this paper is to statistically examine whether there are different patterns in daily numbers of deaths during the quiet periods of solar activity, in contrast to the periods of the strong solar storms. We considered three periods of solar storms (storm of 14 July 2000 Bastille Day Event, storm of 28 October 2003 Halloween Solar Storms, and storm of 17 March 2015 St. Patrick’s Day event) and three periods of continuous very low solar activity (13 September–24 October 1996, 21 July–20 August 2008, and 31 July–31 August 2009) during the Solar Cycles No. 23 and No. 24. In particular, we focus on diseases of the nervous system (group VI from ICD-10) and diseases of the circulatory system (group IX from ICD-10) separately for both sexes and two age groups (under 39 and 40+). We demonstrate that in the resulting graphical models there was a connection between the daily number of deaths and all indices of solar and geomagnetic activity in periods of low solar activity in contrast to periods of strong solar storms in some monitored groups according to age, sex, and group of diagnosis.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Zhao ◽  
Lisheng Zhou ◽  
Xiaojing Hao ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Fuhui Han ◽  
...  

Aohan fine-wool sheep (AFWS) is a high-quality fine-wool sheep breed that supplies wool and meat. Research is needed on the molecular mechanism behind intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition that greatly improves mutton quality. The widely expressed non-coding RNA is physiologically used in roles such as competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) that includes circular RNAs (circRNAs). Although circRNAs were studied in many fields, little research was devoted to IMF in sheep. We used the longissimus dorsi muscle of 2 and 12-month-old AWFS as research material to identify circRNAs related to IMF deposition in these sheep by RNA-seq screening for differentially expressed circRNAs in the two age groups. A total of 11,565 candidate circRNAs were identified, of which the 104 differentially expressed circRNAs in the two age groups were analyzed. Enrichment analysis was performed using Gene Ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. The enriched pathways included lipid transport (GO:0006869), negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway (GO:0090090), fat digestion and absorption (ko04975), and sphingolipid metabolism (ko00600). The differentially expressed circRNAs included ciRNA455, circRNA9086, circRNA7445, circRNA4557, and others. The source genes involved in these pathways might regulate IMF deposition. We used the TargetScan and miRanda software for interaction analysis, and a network diagram of circRNA-miRNA interactions was created. CircRNA455-miR-127, circRNA455-miR-29a, circRNA455-miR-103, circRNA4557-mir149-5p, and circRNA2440-mir-23a might be involved in the IMF deposition process. The targeting relationship of circRNA4557-miR-149-5p was verified by a dual-luciferase reporter assay. The RT-qPCR results of seven randomly selected circRNAs were consistent with the sequencing results. This study provides additional information on circRNA regulation of IMF deposition in AFWS and is a useful resource for future research on this sheep breed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linjin Tao ◽  
Tingting Zhu ◽  
Yanglu Min ◽  
Mingxia Ji

This study explores the characteristics of forgiveness in the aging cohorts, which is regarded to be associated with healthy outcomes. Data were drawn from a sample of 308 older adults (aged from 60 to 98 years) who completed the forgiveness questionnaire: forgiving others of The Heartland Forgiveness Scale (HFS) to examine explicit forgiveness, and among the participants, 44 older adults were administrated on the variant single category of implicit association test (SC-IAT) to examine the implicit forgiveness. The results revealed that (1) there is no correlation between explicit forgiveness and implicit forgiveness of older adults. (2) The result of explicit forgiveness is relatively high while that of implicit forgiveness is relatively low. (3) There was no significant correlation between explicit forgiveness and age, but there was significant difference between age groups, as forgiveness tendency of the elderly had a trough in the age group of 70–79 and then rebounded. (4) Implicit forgiveness was significantly correlated with age, and the difference between age groups was marginal. The forgiveness tendency of the elderly over 80 years old was significantly higher than that of the other two age groups. (5) Gender differences are found in both explicit and implicit forgiveness. The findings indicated that (1) explicit and implicit measures in this study have assessed independent and complementary aspects of forgiveness tendency in older adults. (2) Implicit forgiveness falls behind explicit forgiveness, and true internal forgiveness is difficult and rare in older adults according to data analysis. (3) The trend of explicit forgiveness with age is not obvious, because explicit forgiveness in the middle old age group presents an inflection point. However, implicit forgiveness increases slowly with age. (4) Women excel men in scores obtained with both explicit and implicit measures for forgiveness.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 908-908
Author(s):  
Nicole Long Ki Fung ◽  
Helene Fung

Abstract Coherence, purpose and significance were defined as the three facets of the presence of meaning in life (Martela & Steger, 2016). This study investigated the age differences in the three facets of meaning in life between younger and older adults. We recruited 241 younger adults (Mage=18.72, SD=1.50, 36.5% male) and 114 older adults (Mage=64.93, SD= 5.94, 52.6% male) from Hong Kong to fill out a one-hour online survey. We adapted the Multidimensional Existential Meaning Scale, which measured sense of coherence, purpose, significance. In specific, the adapted version measured significance in two sub facets: the naturalistic significance (important to other people) and cosmic significance (impact lasts beyond lifetime and space). The results showed that older adults had higher sense of coherence (t=3.47, p&lt;.001), higher sense of cosmic significance (t=6.29, p&lt;.001) but lower sense of purpose than younger adults (t=-2.02, p&lt;.05). There were no significant differences in naturalistic significance between the two age groups (t=1.24, p=.22). Within both age groups, participants had the highest score in purpose, followed by coherence and naturalistic significance. They had the lowest score in cosmic significance. This study illustrated that younger and older adults have different absolute levels of meaning facets but are similar in the relative levels of meaning facets. Further studies can investigate how changes in absolute levels of meaning facet and preservation of the relative levels may affect well-being across age.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panos Kordoutis ◽  
Konstantinos Christos Daoultzis ◽  
Anthi Argyroudi ◽  
Elvira Masoura

Sexuality is perceived either as result or prerequisite of love or as working in tandem with love in romantic relationships. Hendrick &amp; Hendrick (2002) proposed a theory and a measure capturing the lay perceptions of the love-sex link. The PLSS (Perceptions of Love and Sex Scale) comprises four themes/subscales, Love is Most Important, Love Comes Before Sex (“love themes”), Sex is Declining, Sex Demonstrates Love (“sex themes”). We examined the validity of PLSS in the Greek context, across two age-groups, young (18-40) and middle adults (41-65), and whether the themes predicted relationship satisfaction and duration. Greek participant (N=631) in romantic relationships responded online to the PLSS and other measures of relationship constructs (e.g., passionate, companionate love, sex, satisfaction). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed that the PLSS maintained its fourfold structure. The PLSS sexual themes correlated more strongly with relationship constructs than love themes. Young adult women stated that Sex was Declining less than middle adult ones and reported shorter relationships than men. Irrespective of age-group, Sex is (not) Declining, Love is Most Important, and Sex Demonstrates Love predicted satisfaction. Love Comes Before Sex and Sex is Declining predicted duration among young adults. Sex is Declining was the only predictor of duration among middle adults. Our findings suggest that love and sex work in tandem but sexual themes are more important for the Greek population. The study corroborated the validity of PLSS in the Greek context, demonstrating its sensitivity to capture cultural developments in conceptions of intimacy.


10.23856/4631 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-240
Author(s):  
Olena Kiparenko

The article describes the results of the research exploring the link between the neurodynamic component of schoolchildren’s psychic activity at the age of 7-12 and the level of mastering the reading skill at school. In the process of the research, we have detected the core neuropsychological criteria correlating with the level of reading technique and text understanding in schoolchildren. The neuropsychological research was made using A.R. Luria’s battery of tests, by G.M. Glosman’s method, adapted to childhood. We also used A.N. Kornyev and O.A. Ishymova’s method of dyslexia diagnostics; texts for the research have been translated into Ukrainian. We have pointed out two age groups of children andanalyzed how neurodynamic deficiency and audio-verbal and visual memory level influence the formation of dyslexia determinants in both of them. In addition, we have addressed the link between child’s development under the age of 1, parents’ complaints at the actual time and the level of a child’s reading technique.


Author(s):  
Johémie Boucher ◽  
Amélie Brisebois ◽  
Antoine Slegers ◽  
Melody Courson ◽  
Marianne Désilets-Barnabé ◽  
...  

Purpose The main aim of this study is to provide French Canadian reference data for quantitative measures extracted from connected speech samples elicited by the Western Aphasia Battery–Revised picnic scene, a discourse task frequently used in clinical assessment of acquired language disorders. Method Our sample consisted of 62 healthy French Canadian adults divided in two age groups: a 50- to 69-year-old group and a 70- to 90-year-old group. Results High interrater reliability scores were obtained for most of the variables. Most connected speech variables did not demonstrate an age effect. However, the 70- to 90-year-old group produced more repetitions than the 50- to 69-year-old group and displayed reduced communication efficiency (number of information content units per minute). Conclusion These findings contribute to building a reference data set to analyze descriptive discourse production in clinical settings.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document