The Prevalence of Online Violence Against Female Students at a Private University in Malawi

This chapter presents findings of the study that investigated the prevalence of online violence against female students at the University of Livingstonia in Malawi. The study noted that female students experienced online bullying, online harassment, online defamation, online stalking, sexual exploitation, online hate speech, and revenge pornography. Perpetrators used digital platforms such Facebook, WhatsApp, dating sites, and smartphones to carry out their evil acts. The motivations by perpetrators were driven by revenge, anger, jealousy, and sexual desire, with the intentions to harm the victims socially, psychologically, academically, and physically. The female students confronted and blocked the perpetrator or left the online platform as a coping mechanism. Overall, the study confirmed that the prevalence of online violence against female students is burgeoning in universities in Malawi and urgent strategies are needed to address the vice.

Online Child Safety

This chapter looks at the history and development of online child safety and how industry and regulatory responses have evolved. It shows how the agenda broadened from an initial focus largely on child abuse images (child pornography) and paedophile behaviour through to wider concerns such as age-inappropriate content, including legal pornography and violent or extremist materials. There is also a discussion of how technologies are having an impact on the overall quality of children’s lives. Children’s rights online, bullying, privacy, self-harm, and self-generated sexualized pictures and videos are now considered mainstream matters by those engaged with children’s welfare.

So Many Silenced, So Many Unnamed, an excerpt

So Many Silenced, So Many Unnamed (SMS/SMU) is part of the ‘Vispo Bible’, a life’s work I began in 2015 to translate every book, chapter and verse of the Bible into visual poetry. I have translated over 330 pages of the Old and New Testaments so far. The goals of SMS/SMU are to celebrate and centre women, their resilience and strength, their accomplishments and their lives, to grieve for and remember those who have been unnamed, murdered and those who are missing, to support and show solidarity with women who are currently the targets of online bullying and cyberstalking; challenging the hateful and harmful attitudes that continue to exist about women while foregrounding the textilic aspect of language; how language itself is material.

533The psychosocial profiles of children aged 11-12 years who have self-harmed: A prospective cohort study

Background Self-harm in very young people can be a clinically ominous event. While most studies to date have focused on self-harm during the teenage years, fewer studies have examined children aged 12 years or under. We aimed to estimate the incidence and correlates of recent self-harm in a population-based, non-treatment-seeking sample of primary school-aged children. Methods 1059 children from 43 primary schools in Melbourne, Australia were interviewed at the age of 8 years (Wave 1), and followed up annually until the age of 11 years (Waves 2-4). Interviews covered a range of physical and mental health, social, educational and family domains, including (at Wave 4) self-harm during the previous 12 months. Results At Wave 4 (mean age: 11.9 years), a total of 28 children (3%; 18 girls [3%], 10 boys [2%]) reported self-harming during the previous 12 months. When compared with children who reported no self-harm, they were more likely to report depression, anxiety, poor emotional control, frequent bullying victimisation (including online bullying), truancy, recent alcohol consumption, and antisocial behaviour during Waves 1-3. They were also more likely to report having few friends. Conclusions Self-harm was reported by a proportion of community-dwelling children aged 11-12 years. As these children were more likely to report a range of other adverse behaviours, experiences and health conditions, clinicians should consider the possibility of prior self-harm when assessing children presenting with such behaviours and issues. Key messages The focus of intervention efforts aimed at preventing and reducing adolescent self-harm should extend to primary school-aged children, with a focus on mental health and peer relationships during the pubertal transition.

Bullying and cyberbullying: features and ways of preventing

The article is devoted to the topics of bullying and cyberbullying. The results of the questionnaire have been analyzed to further prevent and improve ways of preventing these phenomena. The article gives examples of special diagnostic techniques. Socio-psychological description of the environment in an educational institution can be made using these techniques. The purpose of the article is to highlight the problem of bullying and cyberbullying. According to the results of a questionnaire among pupils and students the article presents the methods which may improve the internal environment in educational institution. It`s proposed to criminalize the use of violence against participants of the educational process. Such acts consist of mental, physical, economic, sexual abuse, including the use of electronic means of communication which committed against a minor or by such a person against other participants of the educational process. These acts of violence lead to the consequences in accordance with Articles 121, 122 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. One of the ways to solve this problem is to develop a plan of action which may prevent acts of bullying and cyberbullying in educational institutions. The authors concluded that bullying and cyberbullying have been spreading widely and have a negative influence on the future of the individual. Due to the growing use of the Internet, online bullying is becoming more and more widespread. While cyberbullying mainly causes moral harm, bullying is usually about physical intimidation and beatings. The article states that parents and teachers should be an example of tolerant behavior, organize various events to bring pupils and teachers closer together. It is necessary to work with a psychologist, involve children in different sections and urge them to do creative work. In this way, respect and benevolence will be promoted. Parents and others, in turn, must pay attention to all forms of violence and bullying against children. Keywords: bullying, cyberbullying, violence, aggressive behavior, Internet network.

Relationship between Socio-Emotional Competencies and the Overlap of Bullying and Cyberbullying Behaviors in Primary School Students

Digital life forms part of daily reality for young people. For this reason, traditional bullying in school has been reproduced in the online environment, resulting in an overlap of off- and online bullying. Research on socio-emotional competencies and bullying is revealing interesting results among students in secondary schools. However, studies involving primary school students are much scarcer. In addition, the majority of studies have been carried out based on an understanding of socio-emotional competencies as a unidimensional construct. In the present study, we examined the overlap between off- and online bullying victimization and the influence of the factors comprising socio-emotional competencies on this overlap. Participants comprised 1130 students (49.7% were boys and 50.3% were girls) from the fifth and sixth grades at 15 schools in the autonomous communities of Madrid and Castilla-La Mancha (Spain). The results indicate a high rate of overlap between off- and online bullying victimization, without significant gender differences. Poor relationship skills in boys and low self-management in girls were associated with being a victim of both traditional bullying and cyberbullying. The conclusions point to an interesting line of intervention and prevention, establishing a framework of confluence for social and emotional variables within the primary education context.

Detection of Harassment Type of Cyberbullying: A Dictionary of Approach Words and Its Impact

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the effects of predatory approach words in the detection of cyberbullying and to propose a mechanism of generating a dictionary of such approach words. The research incorporates analysis of chat logs from convicted felons, to generate a dictionary of sexual approach words. By analysing data across multiple social networks, the study demonstrates the usefulness of such a dictionary of approach words in detection of online predatory behaviour through machine learning algorithms. It also shows the difference between the nature of contents across specific social network platforms. The proposed solution to detect cyberbullying and the domain of approach words are scalable to fit real-life social media, which can have a positive impact on the overall health of online social networks. Different types of cyberbullying have different characteristics. However, existing cyberbullying detection works are not targeted towards any of these specific types. This research is tailored to focus on sexual harassment type of cyberbullying and proposes a novel dictionary of approach words. Since cyberbullying is a growing threat to the mental health and intellectual development of adolescents in the society, models targeted towards the detection of specific type of online bullying or predation should be encouraged among social network researchers.

Esensi Mutu Pendidikan Dalam Membangun Ekonomi Generasi Masa Depan

Education should be a priority subsector of the regional government development agenda. The acceleration of education development that touches all aspects and dynamics of education is expected to be able to raise the quality of education. This phenomenon encourages the need for a study to improve the quality of education in the process of economic development in Indonesia, because economic development is actually an integration of the dynamics of social, economic and institutional aspects. Education development in the regions must be fair, participatory and integrated, so that the current quality gap can be resolved in the not too distant future. This research was conducted in a descriptive analysis and supported by normative data and materials for the implementation of education at Yadika Senior High School in Bandar Lampung. The purpose of this research is to contribute solutions to the constraints of high costs and also to improve the essence of the quality of education in order to produce quality human resources ready to meet the competition in the world of work and the importance of the quality of education in the economic development of Indonesia's future generations. The Covid-19 pandemic has made online bullying a necessity. The role of the central government, local governments, and private education providers is needed to solve the problem of online learning during a pandemic so that the quality of education is maintained. Pandemic conditions also brought many positive lessons. Among other things, the adaptation of the use of technology in learning encourages the growth of extraordinary creative and positive energy. With the spirit of mutual cooperation and cooperation between education stakeholders to ease the burden on each other during the pandemic, it must be maintained and maintained so that the role of education in the economic development of the nation's future generations is guaranteed.