scholarly journals Do Neighborhoods Affect the Credit Market Decisions of Low-Income Borrowers? Evidence from the Moving to Opportunity Experiment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Miller ◽  
Cindy K Soo
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Credit Market ◽  
Neighborhood Environment ◽  
Moving To Opportunity ◽  
Credit Scores ◽  
Causal Impact ◽  
Scale Experiment ◽  
Neighborhood Choice

Abstract This paper isolates the causal impact of neighborhood environment on the credit outcomes of low-income borrowers by analyzing the participants of the Moving to Opportunity (MTO) experiment. MTO was a unique, large-scale experiment that offered families vouchers to move to better neighborhoods via randomized lottery. We find higher credit scores and use among those required to move to the lowest poverty areas as young children. For those who moved as adults, we find that better neighborhoods lead to a reduction of overdue debts and delinquencies, but only among those given unrestricted neighborhood choice.

Closing the Gap: The Effect of Reducing Complexity and Uncertainty in College Pricing on the Choices of Low-Income Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 111 (6) ◽  
pp. 1721-1756
Author(s):  
Susan Dynarski ◽  
CJ Libassi ◽  
Katherine Michelmore ◽  
Stephanie Owen
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Loss Aversion ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Income Students ◽  
Present Bias ◽  
Selective Colleges ◽  
Enrollment Rates ◽  
Closing The Gap ◽  
Flagship University ◽  
Scale Experiment

High-achieving, low-income students attend selective colleges at far lower rates than upper-income students with similar achievement. Behavioral biases, intensified by complexity and uncertainty in the admissions and aid process, may explain this gap. In a large-scale experiment we test an early commitment of free tuition at a flagship university. The intervention did not increase aid: rather, students were guaranteed before application the same grant aid that they would qualify for in expectation if admitted. The offer substantially increased application (68 percent versus 26 percent) and enrollment rates (27 percent versus 12 percent). The results suggest that uncertainty, present bias, and loss aversion loom large in students’ college decisions. (JEL I22, I23, I24, D31, I28)

scholarly journals Diarrhea in young children from low-income countries leads to large-scale alterations in intestinal microbiota composition

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. R76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihai Pop ◽  
Alan W Walker ◽  
Joseph Paulson ◽  
Brianna Lindsay ◽  
Martin Antonio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Microbiota Composition

Planetary gentrification and urban (re)development

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loretta Lees
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Urban Redevelopment ◽  
Urban Transformation ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Income Groups ◽  
Low Income Groups

Abstract Gentrification is no-longer, if it ever was, a small scale process of urban transformation. Gentrification globally is more often practised as large scale urban redevelopment. It is state-led or state-induced. The results are clear – the displacement and disenfranchisement of low income groups in favour of wealthier in-movers. So, why has gentrification come to dominate policy making worldwide and what can be done about it?

The labour that dare not speak its name

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Toynbee
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Concrete Material ◽  
Material World ◽  
Music Making ◽  
Causal Impact ◽  
Musical Creativity ◽  
Material Conditions

The is chapter argues that to understand the distributed nature of musical creativity we need to examine its connection to large-scale social structure and to capitalist relations of labour. These relations have a ‘downward’ causal impact on creative acts. Firstly, this is through the division of labour, which plays out in different ways across genres from classical to pop. Secondly, creative musical labour involves engagement with the concrete, material world. The distributed nature of creativity is determined not only by the drive to divide or consolidate music-making tasks but also depends on the nature of the musical materials to hand, and methods of dealing with them. Two methods are described in this chapter: translation and intensification. Each (sometimes they are combined) entails the making of relatively autonomous creative choices which are emergent from the structural and material conditions of musical labour.

Nobody’s Perfect: Making sense of a parenting skills workshop through ethnographic research in a low-income neighbourhood in Santiago de Chile

2021 ◽  
pp. 026101832098398
Author(s):  
Marjorie Murray ◽  
Daniela Tapia
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Parenting Skills ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Santiago De Chile ◽  
One Year ◽  
Everyday Problems

Nadie es Perfecto (Nobody’s Perfect, or NEP) is a parenting skills workshop aimed at ‘sharing experiences and receiving guidance on everyday problems to strengthen child development’. This article explores this workshop in terms of its relationship with the daily lives of participants, based on one year of fieldwork focused on families with young children in a low-income neighbourhood in Santiago. While caregivers frame their parenting efforts as aiming to ‘hacer lo mejor posible’ (do their best) under difficult circumstances, our study found that facilitators take an anachronistic and homogenizing view of participants. Embracing a universalistic perspective of child development, they discourage participation and debate, focusing instead on providing concrete advice that limits the potential of the workshops. This article argues that by ignoring the different living situations of families in this socioeconomic context, NEP reproduces a prejudiced view of poor subjects that sees them as deficient and incapable of change.

scholarly journals Tuberculosis contact investigation results among paediatric contacts in low-incidence settings in Finland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antti Kontturi ◽  
Satu Kekomäki ◽  
Eeva Ruotsalainen ◽  
Eeva Salo
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Index Case ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Endemic Country ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Contact Investigation ◽  
Positive Index

AbstractTuberculosis (TB) risk is highest immediately after primary infection, and young children are vulnerable to rapid and severe TB disease. Contact tracing should identify infected children rapidly and simultaneously target resources effectively. We conducted a retrospective review of the paediatric TB contact tracing results in the Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa from 2012 to 2016 and identified risk factors for TB disease or infection. Altogether, 121 index cases had 526 paediatric contacts of whom 34 were diagnosed with TB disease or infection. The maximum delay until first contact investigation visit among the household contacts under 5 years of age with either TB disease or infection was 7 days. The yield for TB disease or infection was 4.6% and 12.8% for household contacts, 0.5% and 0% for contacts exposed in a congregate setting and 1.4% and 5.0% for other contacts, respectively. Contacts born in a TB endemic country (aOR 3.07, 95% CI 1.10–8.57), with household exposure (aOR 2.96, 95% CI 1.33–6.58) or a sputum smear positive index case (aOR 3.96, 95% CI 1.20–13.03) were more likely to have TB disease or infection.Conclusions: Prompt TB investigations and early diagnosis can be achieved with a well-organised contact tracing structure. The risk for TB infection or disease was higher among contacts with household exposure, a sputum smear positive index case or born in a TB endemic country. Large-scale investigations among children exposed in congregate settings can result in a very low yield and should be cautiously targeted. What is Known:• Vulnerable young children are a high priority in contact tracing and should be evaluated as soon as possible after TB exposure What is New:• Prompt investigations for paediatric TB contacts and early diagnosis of infected children can be achieved with a well-organised contact tracing structure• Large-scale investigations among children exposed in congregate settings can result in a very low yield and should be cautiously targeted

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document