226Ra AND 228Ra CONCENTRATIONS IN SOILS WITH INTENSE GROUNDWATER IRRIGATION IN AN ARID ENVIRONMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 188 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Y Ebaid
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Radium Isotopes ◽  
Enhancing Effect ◽  
Groundwater Irrigation ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Work Samples

Abstract The enhancing effect due to long-time irrigation with radium-containing groundwater on soil was investigated in this work. Samples from the Al-Qassim and Hail areas in Saudi Arabia were studied for their 226Ra and 228Ra inventories. Groundwater and soil samples were collected from 32 farms where agricultural activities are intensively irrigated with radium-containing groundwater. A noticeably good correlation was observed between radium isotopes inventories in the groundwater used for irrigation with those in the associated soils. It was concluded that there are enhanced levels of radium isotopes in the soils due to the existence of radium isotopes in irrigated groundwater. The additional annual effective dose values ranged between 0.00 and 0.412 with an average of 0.09 mSv y−1.

scholarly journals Active Antibiotics Production by Actinomycetes Indigenous To Saudi Arabia Soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
Fetoon M ◽  
helaiwi Alk ◽  
Ismet Ara ◽  
Nadine Moubayed
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Fungal Strain ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Desert Soils ◽  
Growth Environment ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical Properties

Streptomyces are the most popular among the Actinomycetes groups and found in soils worldwide. They form an important part of the soil ecology within the Actinomycetales order. Streptomyces are diverse as secondary antibiotic metabolites such as Novobiocin, Amphotericin, Vancomycin, Neomycin, Gentamicin, Chloramphenicol, Tetracycline, Erythromycin and Nystatin. Thus, the current study was aimed to isolate, identify and assess the active antibiotic metabolites produced by different actinomyces sp. found in Saudi Arabian soils. Six samples were collected from desert soils of the Al Thumamah area and analyzed using GS-MS. Scanning Electron Microscopy was used to identify the bacterial strains along with their antibiotic metabolites effectiveness of secondary metabolites (antibiotics) against different Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus), negative pathogens (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Salmonella suis, and Shigella sonnei) as well as the fungal strain Candida albicans was investigated. Thirty active bacterial (F1-30) strains were isolated from the soil samples and the strains F3, F7, F22, F30 have white, gray, pink, yellow and red colours respectively. Only ten strains (F13, F14, F15, F16, FI7, F18, F19, F20, F21, and F22) were found to have antimicrobial activity against at least one pathogen. The optimum growth environment was pH 4-10, temperature (300C), and NaCl (7% w/v) concentration. According to our findings, the extreme desert environment of Al Thumamah from Saudi Arabia is rich in its actinobacterial population with diverse colouring groups and various physiological and biochemical properties. This shows it’s capability of generating secondary metabolite elements that could inhibit pathogenic microorganisms.

Evaluation of groundwater quality in an evaporation dominant arid environment; a case study from Al Asyah area in Saudi Arabia

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 6237-6247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oumar A. Loni ◽  
Faisal K. Zaidi ◽  
Mansour S. Alhumimidi ◽  
Obaid A. Alharbi ◽  
Mohammed T. Hussein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Arid Environment

The Ancient Dād in Southwest Saudi Arabia

Arabica ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munira Al-Azraqi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
The Other ◽  
Arabic Speakers ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The One

AbstractAl-dād is a unique sound in Arabic. It is believed that this sound is what makes Arabic a distinguished language. However, its description has confused the linguists for long time. Some modern linguists believe that al-dād described by the ancient linguists is not used in the present time. On the other hand, Arabic speakers may not know that the sound they use for the classical pronunciation of al-dād is not the one described by the ancient Arab linguists. This study records the existence of a sound that has the features of al-dād as described by the ancient Arab linguists. It is used among some speakers in Southwest Saudi Arabia.

Radiological Parameters Due to Radon-222 in Soil Samples at Baghdad Governorate (Karakh), Iraq

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-78
Author(s):  
Ali Abid Abojassim ◽  
Ahmed Rahim Shltake ◽  
Laith Ahmed Najam
Keyword(s):  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Track Detector ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Reference Level ◽  
Nuclear Track Detector ◽  
Radium Content ◽  
Can Technique ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Radon Concentrations

Measurements of radon concentration, effective radium content, potential alpha energyconcentration (PAEC) and annual effective dose (AED) were estimated for soil samples in fifteen locationsof the Baghdad governorate (Karakh) in the central part of Iraq. In this survey we used the can technique,containing nuclear track detector (CR-39). The obtained values of radon concentration measurements weregenerally low, ranging from 38.12±13.46 to 94.51±16.5 Bq/m3, with an average 66.07 Bq/m3, while theeffective radium content varied from 5.80±0.21 Bq/kg to 14.39±0.33 Bq/kg with an average 10.09 Bq/kg. The average of the PAEC and AED were assessed to be 7.14 mWL 1.66 mSv/y, respectively. The resultsof the present study shows that the radium content are lower than the allowed limit reported by Organizationfor Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) that is equal to 370 Bq/kg. In general, it is seen thatthe AED limit was within the recommended reference level (3 mSv/y to 10 mSv/y) of the World HealthOrganization. Also, it is found that there is a strong correlation (R2= 1) between radon concentrations andeffective radium content. The results obtained from this study indicate that the locations of Karakh hasbackground radioactivity(radon concentrations) levels within the natural limits.

Assessment of annual effective dose from radium isotopes in groundwater samples in households along the lower Mekong River

2019 ◽  
Vol 322 (2) ◽  
pp. 503-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phan Long Ho ◽  
Vu Tuan Minh ◽  
Le Dinh Hung ◽  
Do Quoc Trung ◽  
Dang Van Chinh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
Radium Isotopes ◽  
Groundwater Samples

scholarly journals Immunologic Hyporesponsiveness to Serogroup C but Not Serogroup A following Repeated Meningococcal A/C Polysaccharide Vaccination in Saudi Arabia

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hani Jokhdar ◽  
Ray Borrow ◽  
Abdulrazaq Sultan ◽  
Mousaed Adi ◽  
Christine Riley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Outcome Study ◽  
Conjugate Vaccines ◽  
Bactericidal Antibody ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Repeated Doses ◽  
Clinical Outcome Study

ABSTRACT In Saudi Arabia, vaccination with the meningococcal A/C polysaccharide (MACP) vaccine is advised every 3 years. A clinical outcome study was performed to test the effect of repeat vaccination with the MACP vaccine on the immune responses among Saudi nationals who live in the Makkah and Jeddah areas. Subjects (n = 230) aged 10 to 29 years were selected: 113 subjects with two or more prior vaccinations with the MACP vaccine, 79 subjects with one prior vaccination with the MACP vaccine, and 38 subjects naïve to vaccination with the MACP vaccine. All subjects received the MACP vaccine in 2002, and serum bactericidal antibody (SBA) titers were measured before and 1 month after vaccination with the MACP vaccine. For serogroup C, geometric mean SBA titers 1 month following vaccination with the MACP vaccine were 708.6 (95% confidence interval [CI], 217.5 to 2,308.9) for those naïve to prior vaccination with the MACP vaccine, and they were significantly higher (P < 0.0001) than 25.0 (95% CI, 12.4 to 50.2) for those who had received one prior vaccination with the MACP vaccine and 32.4 (95% CI, 18.7 to 56.4) for those who had received two or more doses of the MACP vaccine. For serogroup A, the geometric mean SBA titer 1 month after receipt of the MACP vaccine was 1,649.3 (95% CI, 835.2 to 3,256.9) for those naïve to prior vaccination, and the titers were lower (P = 0.67) than 2,185.7 (95% CI, 1,489.4 to 3,207.7) for those who had received one prior dose of the MACP vaccine and significantly lower (P = 0.042) than 3,540.8 (95% CI, 2,705.2 to 4,634.5) for those who had received two or more doses of the MACP vaccine. For serogroup C, the proportions of nonresponders (SBA titers, <8) were 19% for the naïve cohort, 52% for the cohort with one prior vaccination, and 49% for the cohort with two or more prior vaccinations. Following repeated doses of the MACP vaccine, hyporesponsiveness to serogroup C is evident, with high percentages of MACP vaccinees having SBA titers below the putative protective SBA titer. Serogroup A responses following vaccination with the MACP vaccine were boosted. Introduction of the serogroup C conjugate vaccine would provide long-term protection against serogroup C disease; however, quadrivalent conjugate vaccines are required to provide long-time protection against disease caused by serogroups A, W135, and Y.

Determination of natural uranium, thorium and radium isotopes in water and soil samples by alpha spectroscopy

Kerntechnik ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Cong Hao ◽  
Chau Van Tao ◽  
Nguyen Van Dong ◽  
Luong Van Thong ◽  
Duong Mong Linh
Keyword(s):  
Natural Uranium ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Alpha Spectroscopy ◽  
Radium Isotopes ◽  
Water And Soil Samples
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