Sleep and EEG Spectra in Rats Recorded via Telemetry during Surgical Recovery

Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by degeneration of motor neurons resulting in muscle atrophy. In contrast to the lower motor neurons, the role of upper (cortical) neurons in ALS is yet unclear. Maturation of locomotor networks is supported by dopaminergic (DA) projections from substantia nigra to the spinal cord and striatum. Objective: To examine the contribution of DA mediation in the striatum-cortex networks in ALS progression. Methods: We studied electroencephalogram (EEG) from striatal putamen (Pt) and primary motor cortex (M1) in ΔFUS(1–359)-transgenic (Tg) mice, a model of ALS. EEG from M1 and Pt were recorded in freely moving young (2-month-old) and older (5-month-old) Tg and non-transgenic (nTg) mice. EEG spectra were analyzed for 30 min before and for 60 min after systemic injection of a DA mimetic, apomorphine (APO), and saline. Results: In young Tg versus nTg mice, baseline EEG spectra in M1 were comparable, whereas in Pt, beta activity in Tg mice was enhanced. In older Tg versus nTg mice, beta dominated in EEG from both M1 and Pt, whereas theta and delta 2 activities were reduced. In younger Tg versus nTg mice, APO increased theta and decreased beta 2 predominantly in M1. In older mice, APO effects in these frequency bands were inversed and accompanied by enhanced delta 2 and attenuated alpha in Tg versus nTg mice. Conclusion: We suggest that revealed EEG modifications in ΔFUS(1–359)-transgenic mice are associated with early alterations in the striatum-cortex interrelations and DA transmission followed by adaptive intracerebral transformations.

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Assessment of pain during rest and during activities in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/0104-1169.3115.2391 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 136-143 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Larissa Coelho de Mello ◽

Silvio Fernando Castro Rosatti ◽

Priscilla Hortense

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Surgery ◽

Postoperative Pain ◽

Postoperative Complications ◽

Postoperative Period ◽

Pain Assessment ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Deep Breathing ◽

Cohort Design ◽

Surgical Recovery ◽

Over Time

OBJECTIVE: to assess the intensity and site of pain after Cardiac Surgery through sternotomy during rest and while performing five activities. METHOD: descriptive study with a prospective cohort design. A total of 48 individuals participated in the study. A Multidimensional Scale for Pain Assessment was used. RESULTS: postoperative pain from cardiac surgery was moderate during rest and decreased over time. Pain was also moderate during activities performed on the 1st and 2nd postoperative days and decreased from the 3rd postoperative day, with the exception of coughing, which diminished only on the 6th postoperative day. Coughing, turning over, deep breathing and rest are presented in decreased order of intensity. The region of the sternum was the most frequently reported site of pain. CONCLUSION: the assessment of pain in the individuals who underwent cardiac surgery during rest and during activities is extremely important to adapt management and avoid postoperative complications and delayed surgical recovery.

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Unified neurophysical model of EEG spectra and evoked potentials

Biological Cybernetics ◽

10.1007/s00422-002-0310-9 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 86 (6) ◽

pp. 457-471 ◽

Cited By ~ 176

Author(s):

C. J. Rennie ◽

P. A. Robinson ◽

J. J. Wright

Keyword(s):

Evoked Potentials ◽

Eeg Spectra

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EEG spectra, behavioral states and motor activity in rats exposed to acetylcholinesterase inhibitor chlorpyrifos

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior ◽

10.1016/s0091-3057(02)00737-2 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 72 (3) ◽

pp. 669-679 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Olga A. Timofeeva ◽

Christopher J. Gordon

Keyword(s):

Motor Activity ◽

Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor ◽

Eeg Spectra ◽

Behavioral States

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Retrospective study of pre-anesthetic electrocardiogram examination of 700 dogs conducted at the Veterinary Hospital of UFMG (2013-2014)

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-736x2016000200005 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 90-93

Author(s):

Ana Flávia Machado Botelho ◽

Maira Souza Oliveira ◽

Benito Soto-Blanco ◽

Marília M. Melo

Keyword(s):

Body Condition Score ◽

Clinical History ◽

Surgical Indication ◽

Cardiac Auscultation ◽

Indication For Surgery ◽

Sinus Arrhythmia ◽

Condition Score ◽

Surgical Recovery ◽

Electrocardiogram Ecg ◽

Veterinary Hospital

Abstract: Pre-operative electrocardiograms performed in 700 dogs were analyzed in order to establish correlation between sex, age, indication for surgery, body condition score, breed and weight. Initially a clinical questionnaire was filled out from each owner, including age, breed, sex, weight, clinical history and surgical indication. Dogs above 6 years of age or those showing any kind of cardiac auscultation disturbances were referred to electrocardiogram (ECG) evaluation. All ECG were performed and analyzed by the same veterinary specialist. Abnormalities at ECG were founnd in 364 of 700 (52%) evaluated dogs, and the most frequent variation was sinus arrhythmia, observed in 293 dogs (25.4%). No significant correlation was found between the electrocardiographic alterations with weight, sex and age of the animals. Therefore ECG should be conducted routinely regardless of age, sex, breed or surgical indication, highlighting its value for determining a safe anesthetic protocol that promotes minimal cardiopulmonary depression and allows rapid post-surgical recovery.

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Opioids cause dissociated states of consciousness in C57BL/6J mice

Journal of Neurophysiology ◽

10.1152/jn.00266.2021 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Christopher B O'Brien ◽

Clarence E Locklear ◽

Zachary T Glovak ◽

Diana Zebadúa Unzaga ◽

Helen A Baghdoyan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rem Sleep ◽

Neuronal Excitability ◽

Nrem Sleep ◽

Temporal Organization ◽

Saline Control ◽

Organization Of Sleep ◽

States Of Consciousness ◽

Surgical Recovery ◽

Eeg Power ◽

Electroencephalogram Eeg

The electroencephalogram (EEG) provides an objective, neural correlate of consciousness. Opioid receptors modulate mammalian neuronal excitability, and this fact was used to characterize how opioids administered to mice alter EEG power and states of consciousness. The present study tested the hypothesis that antinociceptive doses of fentanyl, morphine, or buprenorphine differentially alter the EEG and states of sleep and wakefulness in adult, male C57BL/6J mice. Mice were anesthetized and implanted with telemeters that enabled wireless recordings of cortical EEG and electromyogram (EMG). After surgical recovery, EEG and EMG were used to objectively score states of consciousness as wakefulness, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, or non-REM (NREM) sleep. Measures of EEG power (dB) were quantified as delta (0.5 to 4 Hz), theta (4 to 8 Hz), alpha (8 to 13 Hz), sigma (12 to 15 Hz), beta (13 to 30 Hz), and gamma (30 to 60 Hz). Compared to saline (control), fentanyl and morphine decreased NREM sleep, morphine eliminated REM sleep, and buprenorphine eliminated NREM sleep and REM sleep. Opioids significantly and differentially disrupted the temporal organization of sleep/wake states, altered specific EEG frequency bands, and caused dissociated states of consciousness. The results are discussed relative to the fact that opioids, pain, and sleep modulate interacting states of consciousness.

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