scholarly journals 0553 Hallucinogen Use Among College and University Students: Associations with Insufficient Sleep and Insomnia

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A211-A212
Author(s):  
C Holbert ◽  
C Bastien ◽  
S c ◽  
W D Killgore ◽  
C C Wills ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Insufficient Sleep ◽  
College And University ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Us ◽  
National College Health Assessment ◽  
College Health Assessment

Abstract Introduction Previous studies have shown that poor sleep is associated with alcohol use, smoking, and other substance use, especially among young adults. Yet, very little is known about hallucinogen use. Methods Data from the 2011-2014 National College Health Assessment were used (N=113,749), representing a wide range of students across the US. Hallucinogen use was reported as “never,” “past,” and “present” (reflecting use in the past 30 days). Students also self-reported nights/week they did not get enough sleep to feel rested (insufficient sleep), as well as nights/week they had difficulty falling asleep (initial insomnia). Responses for both were categorized as 0, 1-2, 3-4, 5-6, or 7 nights/week. Multinomial logistic regressions examined hallucinogen use as outcome (past or present vs never) and sleep as predictor, with adjustment for covariates (age, sex, race/ethnicity, and survey year) and mental health (past 30 days depression/anxiety). Results Hallucinogen use was infrequently reported, with 4.8% (N=5,493) reporting past use and 0.98% (N=1,119) reporting present use. In adjusted analyses, increase likelihood of past use was associated with insufficient sleep on 1-2 (RRR=1.28, p=0.001), 3-4 (RRR=1.37, p<0.0005), 5-6 (RRR=1.30, p<0.0005), and 7 (RRR=1.34, p<0.0005) nights per week, as well as 1-2 (RRR=1.30, p<0.0005), 3-4 (RRR=1.52, p<0.0005), 5-6 (RRR=1.58, p<0.0005), and 7 (RRR=1.49, p<0.0005) nights per week of initial insomnia. Present use was associated with 1-2 (RRR=1.44, p<0.0005), 3-4 (RRR=1.76, p<0.0005), 5-6 (RRR=2.05, p<0.0005), and 7 (RRR=1.83, p<0.0005) nights per week of initial insomnia. When mental health was entered into the model, results were maintained. Conclusion Past use of hallucinogens was associated with insufficient sleep as well as insomnia. Present use was also associated with insomnia. When mental health was included in models, all results were maintained. It is not clear whether hallucinogen use leads to, or is predicted by, sleep difficulties. Support Dr. Grandner is supported by R01MD011600

Trends in College Student-Athlete Mental Health in the National College Health Assessment (NCHA), 2011–2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Edwards ◽  
Andrew W. Froehle ◽  
Siobhan E. Fagan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Student Athletes ◽  
Athletic Trainers ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Treatment Seeking ◽  
Student Athlete ◽  
National College Health Assessment ◽  
Health Related ◽  
College Health Assessment ◽  
Over Time

ABSTRACT Context: Recently the athletic training community has paid increased attention to college student-athlete mental health, treatment-seeking, and impacts on athletic and academic performance. Ongoing efforts to better-educate and equip athletic trainers to help student-athletes in this regard should result in improved mental health-related outcomes. Objective: Examine changes in student-athlete mental health over the past decade compared to non-athlete students. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: United States colleges and universities. Patients or Other Participants: Varsity athletes (n=54,479) and non-athlete students (n=448,301) who completed the National College Health Assessment (NCHA) between 2011 and 2019. Main Outcome Measures: Survey responses (self-report) to questions in five mental health-related domains: symptoms, diagnoses, treatment-seeking, institutional information distribution, and academic impacts. Results: Student-athletes consistently reported significantly lower symptom and diagnose rates than non-athletes, except for attempted suicide, substance abuse, and eating disorders. Diagnoses increased over time in both groups, but remained lower in athletes. Treatment-seeking and openness to future treatment increased over time in both groups, but remained lower in athletes. Student-athletes received more information on stress reduction, substance abuse, eating disorders, and handling distress/violence than non-athletes. Both groups received information more frequently over time. Athletes reported lower academic impacts, especially for depression and anxiety, but impacts grew over time in both groups. Impacts of injuries and extracurricular activities on academic performance were higher in athletes than in non-athletes. Conclusions: Athletes reported overall lower levels of symptoms, diagnoses, and academic impacts than non-athletes. While non-athlete rates climbed over the past decade, athletes' rates broadly remained flat or climbed less rapidly. Increasingly positive attitudes toward treatment are encouraging, but the deficit relative to non-athletes remains. Ongoing efforts of athletic trainers to educate athletes and guide them to mental health resources are needed in order to continue (or, better yet, accelerate) the observed positive trends in information dissemination and treatment-seeking.

scholarly journals Equivalências semântica e conceitual da versão em português do National College Health Assessment II

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 806-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dartagnan Pinto Guedes ◽  
Márcio Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Health Assessment ◽  
College Health ◽  
National College Health Assessment ◽  
College Health Assessment

O objetivo do estudo foi realizar as equivalências semântica e conceitual do questionário National College Health Assessment II (NCHA II). Foram realizadas tradução para o português da versão original do NCHA II e retrotradução para o inglês. As versões do questionário foram analisadas por um comitê de juízes. A versão traduzida do NCHA II foi administrada experimentalmente em amostra de 64 estudantes universitários de ambos os sexos. Após discretas modificações apontadas nos processos de tradução, o comitê de juízes considerou que a versão para o idioma português do NCHA II apresentou equivalências semântica e conceitual. As etapas iniciais do processo de adaptação transcultural do questionário NCHA II foram satisfatórias. Porém, futuros estudos são necessários para identificar propriedades psicométricas e indicadores de validação previamente à sua efetiva recomendação para uso com segurança.

scholarly journals M111. QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF MANIA AND PSYCHOSIS DURING HOSPITALIZATION USING AUTOMATED ANALYSIS OF FACE, VOICE, AND LANGUAGE

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S177-S177
Author(s):  
Can Kilciksiz ◽  
Katrina Brown ◽  
Alexandria Vail ◽  
Tadas Baltrusaitis ◽  
Luciana Pennant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Automated Analysis ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Quantitative Metrics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Access And Quality ◽  
Speech Transcription ◽  
Mood And Cognition ◽  
Clinical Measures

Abstract Background A major challenge for reliable and effective mental health care is the lack of objective markers of illness. Computational approaches to measuring naturalistic behavior in clinical settings could therefore provide an objective backstop for mental health assessment and disease monitoring. This study aimed to train machine-learning (ML) classifiers to estimate conventional clinical measures of severe mental illness using quantitative metrics derived from computational analysis of facial and vocal behaviors. Methods Individuals hospitalized for any active psychotic condition were recruited to participate in up to ten recorded study visits, comprised of three segments. Each visit was captured using two synchronized HD webcams and cardioid microphones, to obtain high quality audiovisual (AV) data from both patient and interviewer. We performed automated facial action coding, vocal analysis, and speech transcription using publicly available software (e.g., openFace, openSmile, TranscribeMe). Results A total of 34 participants, participated in 66 sessions between 2015 and 2018, resulting in over 40 hours of AV recordings. In our visual and vocal analysis, we found that several features derived from face, voice, and use of language (i.e. eyebrow furrowing, eye widening, smile variability, characteristics of vowels) were both robustly measured using our approach, and allowed us to accurately estimate multiple symptom domains (i.e. mania, depression, psychosis) with (R= >0.7, p = <0.05). In our linguistic analysis, we found that abundance of power words (i.e. superiority, important) and lack of contextual language (i.e. yesterday, nearby) are highly indicative of positive psychotic symptoms with (R= +0.417, p = 0.002) and (R= -0.302, p = 0.028) respectively. Discussion Automated analysis of face, voice, and speech provides a number of robust behavioral markers sensitive enough to detect changes in psychopathology within individuals over time. Therefore, naturalistic, quantitative assessments can yield objective markers of mood and cognition that can be used to optimize both access and quality of treatments for a wide range of psychiatric conditions.

scholarly journals 0193 Sleep Health Across Religions: A Consideration of Bidirectional Processes

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A76-A76
Author(s):  
K Fergason ◽  
W Rowatt ◽  
M K Scullin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Causal Direction ◽  
Falling Asleep

Abstract Introduction The psychology of religion literature indicates that religious engagement is beneficial to physical and mental health. Such effects might be mediated by sleep health, which causally affects mood, cognitive, and immune functioning. However, few studies have investigated whether religiosity is associated with better sleep, and no studies have considered the reverse causal direction: better sleep may impact religious behaviors or perceptions. Methods We conducted a secondary data analysis of 1,501 participants in Wave 5 of the Baylor Religion Survey (BRS-5). Completed in Spring 2017, the BRS-5 used Address Based Sample methodology to derive a population-based sample. The survey included questions on religious affiliation, behaviors, and perceptions (e.g., certainty of Heaven). Additionally, participants rated their difficulty falling asleep and their average total sleep time. We investigated whether participants were meeting AASM/SRS consensus guidelines of 7–9 hours/night. Results Religious affiliation was associated with sleep duration, but not in the predicted direction. Atheists/Agnostics (73%) were significantly more likely to report meeting consensus sleep duration guidelines than religiously-affiliated individuals (65%), p<.05. For example, Atheists/Agnostics reported better sleep duration than Catholics (63%, p<.01) and Baptists (55%, p<.001). Atheists/Agnostics also reported less difficulty falling asleep at night than Catholics (p=.02) and Baptists (p<.001). The effects persisted when controlling for age and were particularly evident in members of African American congregations. Perceptions of getting into Heaven were significantly higher in participants who obtained better sleep duration, p<.05, but interestingly, such beliefs/perceptions were unrelated to difficulty falling asleep at night, suggesting that better sleep may lead to these perceptions rather than vice versa. Conclusion In contrast to predictions, religious affiliation was associated with significantly poorer sleep health. Poor sleep health has implications for physical and mental health, and seemingly also religious perceptions/beliefs. Future experimental work is required to disentangle the causal direction of sleep-religiosity associations. Support The Baylor Religion Survey was supported by the John Templeton Foundation.

The prevalence of distress, depression, anxiety, and substance use issues among Indigenous post-secondary students in Canada

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-274
Author(s):  
Nolan K Hop Wo ◽  
Kelly K Anderson ◽  
Lloy Wylie ◽  
Arlene MacDougall
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Secondary Students ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
College Health ◽  
Indigenous Students ◽  
Post Secondary ◽  
National College Health Assessment ◽  
Post Secondary Students

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of mental illness and substance use among Indigenous students attending Canadian post-secondary institutions. We obtained data from the National College Health Assessment - American College Health Association Spring 2013 survey, which includes 34,039 participants in 32 post-secondary institutions across Canada. We calculated prevalence estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CI). We compared Indigenous and non-Indigenous students using age- and sex-adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) obtained from Poisson regression models. Of the total sample, 1,110 (3.3%) post-secondary students self-identified as Indigenous. Within the past 12 months, Indigenous students had higher odds of intentionally injuring themselves (PR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.27–1.84), seriously considering suicide (PR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.12–1.56), attempting suicide (PR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.16–2.62), or having been diagnosed with depression (PR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.08–1.47) or anxiety (PR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.02–1.35) when compared with non-Indigenous students. Indigenous students also had higher odds of having a lifetime diagnosis of depression (PR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.17–1.47) when compared with non-Indigenous students. Indigenous students were more likely to report binging on alcohol (PR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.02–1.19), using marijuana (PR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.06–1.37), and using other recreational drugs (PR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.06–1.63) compared to non-Indigenous students. This study demonstrates that Indigenous students at post-secondary institutions across Canada experience higher prevalence of mental health and related issues compared to the non-Indigenous student population. This information highlights the need to assess the utilization and ensure the appropriate provision of mental health and wellness resources to support Indigenous students attending post-secondary institutions.

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