Comparison of Weather-Based Advisory Programs for Managing Early Leaf Spot on Runner and Spanish Peanut Cultivars

Peanut production acreage has increased substantially in southwest Alabama in the past several years. Since prevailing weather conditions in this newer production area are conducive to peanut diseases, primarily due to frequent rainfall during summer months, a 2-week calendar fungicide treatment schedule is considered essential to controlling leaf spot diseases and rust in order to optimize yields. In 2003, 2004, and 2005, extended calendar application intervals and the AU-Pnuts leaf spot advisory were compared with the recommended 2-week calendar schedule for peanut disease control on partially disease-resistant peanut cultivars (DP-1 in 2003 and Florida C99R in 2004 and 2005). Fungicide programs included recommended rates of azoxystrobin, chlorothalonil, and tebuconazole. Numbers of fungicide applications for the 2-, 3-, and 4-week calendar schedule treatments were 7, 5, and 4, respectively in each year. Fungicide applications made according to AU-Pnuts are based on rain events and resulted in 5 sprays in 2003 and 7 sprays in 2004 and 2005. Fungicide application schedule had a significant impact on leaf spots, rust, southern stem rot and yield in at least two of the three study years. Results indicate that recommendations for the 2-week fungicide application schedule should be maintained in this area. Fungicide program also had a consistent effect on measured variables, with the azoxystrobin program providing better disease control and higher yields. Accepted for publication 16 August 2006. Published 10 November 2006.

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Late Leaf Spot Effects on Growth, Photosynthesis, and Yield in Peanut Cultivars of Differing Resistance

Agronomy Journal ◽

10.2134/agronj2010.0322 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 103 (1) ◽

pp. 85-91 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Maninder P. Singh ◽

John E. Erickson ◽

Kenneth J. Boote ◽

Barry L. Tillman ◽

James W. Jones ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Leaf Spot ◽

Late Leaf Spot ◽

Peanut Cultivars

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Using the CSM‐CROPGRO‐Peanut Model to Simulate Late Leaf Spot Effects on Peanut Cultivars of Differing Resistance

Agronomy Journal ◽

10.2134/agronj2013.0071 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 105 (5) ◽

pp. 1307-1316 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Maninder P. Singh ◽

John E. Erickson ◽

Kenneth J. Boote ◽

James W. Jones ◽

Barry L. Tillman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Leaf Spot ◽

Late Leaf Spot ◽

Peanut Cultivars

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Seeding Rate and Planting Date Impacts Stand Density, Diseases, and Yield of Irrigated Peanuts

Plant Health Progress ◽

10.1094/php-rs-14-0019 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 63-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. K. Hagan ◽

H. L. Campbell ◽

K. L. Bowen ◽

L. Wells

Keyword(s):

Leaf Spot ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Stand Density ◽

Planting Date ◽

Stem Rot ◽

Spot Intensity ◽

Seeding Rate ◽

Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽

Peanut Cultivars

Release of peanut cultivars with enhanced tomato spotted wilt (TSW) resistance along with the decline in the incidence of this disease gives Alabama producers the option of earlier planting of irrigated peanuts to optimize farm operations and lower seeding rates to reduce input costs. Mid-April and mid-May plantings of the cvs. Florida-07, Georgia-06G, and Georgia Green at 6.6, 9.8, 13.1, and 19.7 seed/m were monitored over three years for TSW, stem rot, and leaf spot diseases as well as yield. Despite low TSW pressure and lack of a seeding rate response, disease incidence was higher in Georgia Green than Florida-07 and Georgia-06G with higher TSW indices noted for the April than May plantings of the former but not latter two cultivars. While not impacted by planting date, stem rot incidence, which was higher at 13.1 and 19.7 than 6.6 seed/m, was lower on Florida-07 than Georgia-06G and Georgia Green with the latter proving most susceptible. Although leaf spot intensity was not impacted by seeding rate, disease ratings were higher for May than April plantings, with Florida-07 and Georgia-06G having lower leaf spot ratings than Georgia Green in two of three study years. While planting date did not impact yield in two of three years, higher yields were recorded at 13.1 and 19.7 than 6.6 seed/m, with Florida-07 and Georgia-06G having higher yields than Georgia Green. Accepted for publication 16 February 2015. Published 20 April 2015.

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Managing early leaf spot and stem rot with reduced fungicide inputs on disease-resistant peanut cultivars

Peanut Science ◽

10.3146/ps08-015.1 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 129-136 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

A. K. Hagan ◽

H. L. Campbell ◽

K. L. Bowen ◽

L. Wells ◽

R. Goodman

Keyword(s):

Leaf Spot ◽

Production Systems ◽

Production Costs ◽

Stem Rot ◽

Fungicide Application ◽

Net Returns ◽

Disease Resistant ◽

Peanut Production ◽

Peanut Cultivars ◽

Study Application

Abstract Fungicide inputs are a costly but critical component of peanut production systems in the southeast U.S. Current strategies for reducing fungicide application numbers that are needed to control diseases on peanut include extending application intervals beyond a 2-wk schedule or implementation of a fungicide advisory, such as AU-Pnuts. In this study, fungicide programs with azoxystrobin, chlorothalonil, and tebuconazole, using different application schedules, were compared for the control of early leaf spot and stem rot. Application schedules were the standard 2-wk calendar interval, extended 3- and 4-wk intervals, and applications were made according to the AU-Pnuts leaf spot advisory. Studies were conducted on the disease resistant cultivars DP-1 in 2003 and C-99R in 2004 and 2005. The numbers of fungicide applications for the 2, 3, and 4-wk schedules were 7, 5, and 4, respectively, in 2003 and 2004, and were 6, 5, and 4, respectively, in 2005. One less fungicide application was scheduled according to AU-Pnuts than with the 2-wk calendar schedule in all three years, yet final early leaf spot levels with these schedules were similar in 2 of 3 years. With one fewer fungicide application, the 3-wk schedule had higher leaf spot levels than the AU-Pnuts advisory in 2003 and 2004. Further, when application intervals were extended from 2 wk to 3 or 4-wk intervals, a significant increase in early leaf spot was noted in two of three years. Despite these differences in early leaf spot severity, application schedule had limited impact on yield in this study. Application interval also had little impact on stem rot incidence, but incidence of this disease was lower with the azoxystrobin than chlorothalonil programs in 2 of 3 years. The azoxystrobin program significantly increased yield in 2 of 3 years compared with the chlorothalonil or tebuconazole programs. Yield was also higher for the tebuconazole compared with chlorothalonil programs in 2 of 3 years. When fungicide product and application costs were calculated, and those and other typical peanut production costs were deducted from estimated returns based on actual yields, the resulting net returns did not significantly differ among fungicide programs or application schedules.

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Comparison of Calendar and AU-Pnut Advisory Programs with Azoxystrobin for the Control of Leaf Spot and Southern Stem Rot on Peanut1

Peanut Science ◽

10.3146/0095-3679(2006)33[76:cocaaa]2.0.co;2 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 76-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

K. L. Bowen ◽

A. K. Hagan ◽

H. L. Campbell ◽

L. Wells

Keyword(s):

Leaf Spot ◽

Stem Rot ◽

Advisory Programs

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Calendar-based and AU-Pnuts advisory programs with pyraclostrobin and chlorothalonil for the control of early leaf spot and stem rot on peanut1

Peanut Science ◽

10.3146/0095-3679(2007)34[114:caaapw]2.0.co;2 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 114-121 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. K. Hagan ◽

K. L. Bowen ◽

H. L. Campbell ◽

L. Wells

Keyword(s):

Leaf Spot ◽

Stem Rot ◽

Advisory Programs

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Comparative Quality of Florunner and Spanish Peanut Cultivars in Texas1

Peanut Science ◽

10.3146/i0095-3679-3-2-10 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 90-95

Author(s):

David F. Brown ◽

Olin D. Smith ◽

Charles E. Simpson ◽

Rudi J. Freund ◽

Carl M. Cater

Keyword(s):

Linoleic Acid ◽

Peanut Butter ◽

Quality Factors ◽

Planting Dates ◽

Growing Period ◽

Accelerated Storage ◽

Peanut Cultivars ◽

And Storage ◽

Spanish Peanut

Abstract Starr (St), Spancross (Sp), Goldin I (GI) and Florunner (F1) peanuts were grown at Pearsall (latitude 28° 53′ N) and Stephenville (latitude 32° 12′ N), Texas, with the planting dates adjusted within locations to provide similar environments during pod maturation. Two harvests were made per location with the first harvest approximately 128 days after planting for St and Sp, and 150 days for F1 and GI, and the second harvest 143 and 165 days after the respective plantings. Yields averaged: F1 4,869, GI 4,638, St 4,500, and Sp 4,042 kg/ha. Quality factors including oleic/linoleic acid ratios, oil and protein contents and free fatty acid and peroxide numbers were affected slightly by growing period and location. Peanut butters representing cultivars, locations, and harvests were prepared and evaluated by semitrained flavor panels prior to and at 40-day intervals during accelerated storage tests at 38°C. Statistically significant differences (p = 0.0001) were found between locations, cultivars and storage periods. Preferences for freshly prepared (0-day storage) peanut butters were St > F1 = GI > Sp. After 6 weeks or more storage the flavor and acceptance ratings of Fl and St were equivalent and much higher than for Sp and GI. Peanut butters from Stephenville-grown cultivars scored higher than Pearsall. Late harvest peanut butters were preferred, p = 0.05. Results indicate Florunner is adapted for production in southern portions of the Southwest peanut area, and the qualities of Florunner peanuts and peanut butter compare favor ably with traditional Spanish peanut cultivars.

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