scholarly journals First Report of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Causing Sclerotinia Rot on Codonopsis lanceolata in Korea

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. 1863
Author(s):  
H.-W. Choi ◽  
S. K. Hong ◽  
J. S. Kim ◽  
Y. K. Lee ◽  
D. C. Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Codonopsis Lanceolata ◽  
First Report ◽  
Sclerotinia Rot

scholarly journals First Report of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on Common Ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) in Europe

Plant Disease ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gy. Bohár ◽  
L. Kiss
Keyword(s):  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Aerial Mycelium ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
American Phytopathological Society ◽  
Common Ragweed ◽  
First Report ◽  
Sclerotinia Rot ◽  
Stem Lesions ◽  
Test Plants

Common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) is reported as a host of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary in North America (2,4), but not in Europe. A Hungarian survey of fungal diseases of ragweed in 1994 did not find sclerotinia rot of common ragweed (A. artemisiifolia var. elatior (L.) Descourt.) (1). In autumn 1998, mature ragweed plants, 1 to 1.5 m tall, were collected from the borders of four sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) fields in which sclerotinia rot of sunflower was frequently observed during the season, and also from six other roadside sites in Hungary. Ragweed plants exhibiting symptoms characteristic of sclerotinia rot, i.e., wilting foliage and light brown, dry lesions on the stems, were found only near two sunflower fields. Black, round to irregular or oblong sclerotia were also observed on the infected ragweed plants both externally on the stem lesions and internally, in the pith cavity. Sclerotia measured up to 5 mm in diameter and were 5 to 14 mm long. After isolation on potato dextrose agar, the pathogen produced abundant aerial mycelium and large sclerotia characteristic of S. sclerotiorum. To confirm pathogenicity, potted seedlings and mature plants of ragweed were inoculated in the greenhouse with autoclaved wheat grains colonized with mycelia of S. sclerotiorum placed 0.5 to 1 cm from the collar of the test plants. Seedlings were killed in 2 to 3 days while mature plants wilted after 5 to 6 days. In a field test, six mature plants were inoculated by attaching mycelial disks to their stems with Parafilm. These plants wilted 12 to 14 days after inoculation. The pathogen was reisolated from all diseased plants. This is the first report of S. sclerotiorum on common ragweed in Europe. Nonsclerotial mutants of the fungus (3) are being produced to be tested as potential biocontrol agents of common ragweed, which has become not only the most widespread, but also the most important allergenic plant species in Hungary since the early 1990s. References: (1) Gy. Bohár and L. Vajna. Nōvényvédelem 32:527, 1996. (2) G. J. Boland and R. Hall. Can. J. Plant Pathol. 16:93, 1994. (3) G. J. Boland and E. A. Smith. Phytopathology 81:766, 1991.(4) D. F. Farr et al. 1989. Fungi on Plants and Plant Products in the United States. American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN.

scholarly journals First Report of Sclerotinia Rot in Sword Bean Caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in South Korea

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 988-988
Author(s):  
I. Han ◽  
K. Park ◽  
H. Lee ◽  
S.-M. Lee ◽  
J. Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
First Report ◽  
Sclerotinia Rot

scholarly journals Sclerotinia Rot of Peucedanum japonicum Thunb. Caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-119
Author(s):  
Won-Kwon Jung ◽  
Yang-Sook Lim ◽  
Min-Ki Kim ◽  
Jong-Su Kim
Keyword(s):  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Cylindrical Shape ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar Medium ◽  
Partial Sequencing ◽  
Typical Symptom ◽  
First Report ◽  
Sclerotinia Rot

Sclerotinia rot was occurred on the leaf and stem of Peucedanum japonicum Thunb. in greenhouse field of Pohang city of Gyeongbuk province in Korea. The typical symptom of the disease was light brown spot and tipburn on infected leaves. The colony of the isolated fungus was white to light gray in color. Asci were cylindrical shape and 75‒240×5.9‒17.3 μm in size. Apothecia were cup-shaped with numerous asci and 0.5‒0.9 cm in size. Ascospores were aseptate and ellipsoid in shape, and 8.4‒10.7×4.8‒5.8 μm in size. Sclerotia formed on the plants and potato dextrose agar medium were globose to irregular in shape and black in color. Partial sequencing of rDNA of this isolate showed that it was 100% consistent with that of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. It was confirmed that the same lesion was formed by reinoculating this pathogen on a healthy P. japonicum Thunb. and the same strain was isolated. This is the first report on the Sclerotinia rot of P. japonicum Thunb. caused by S. sclerotiorum in Korea.

First report of sclerotinia rot of mango caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Japan

2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Ajitomi ◽  
Tetsuya Takushi ◽  
Atsushi Ooshiro ◽  
Maki Yamashiro ◽  
Satoshi Taba
Keyword(s):  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
First Report ◽  
Sclerotinia Rot

scholarly journals First Report of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on Basil in Canada

Plant Disease ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Paulitz
Keyword(s):  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Past History ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
First Report ◽  
Sclerotinia Rot ◽  
History Of ◽  
External Mycelium ◽  
Stems And Leaves ◽  
The U.S

Wilt of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) branches was observed in home gardens with a past history of Sclerotinia rot in Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, in the summers of 1994 and 1996. The wilt was accompanied by brown, longitudinal discoloration of the stem, with dark brown to purple-colored advancing margins. No rot or external mycelium was seen on mature woody portions of the wilted branches. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib). de Bary was isolated from wilted stems on 2% water agar and potato dextrose agar (PDA). Symptoms were reproduced in the greenhouse in 1995 and 1996 by inoculating stems of 10 1-month-old plants with mycelial plugs from 7-day-old PDA cultures. Wilt and necrosis of the outer layer of the inoculated stems were observed in all plants and the pathogen was reisolated from stems. During rainy periods in July 1996, sclerotia (3 to 6 mm diameter) formed on the stems and leaves of some infected plants in gardens. S. sclerotiorum has been reported in the U.S. on greenhouse-grown basil (1), but this is the first report from Canada and from field-grown plants. This disease may be confused with Fusarium wilt on mature plants, because of the dark discoloration of the stem, severe wilting, and lack of white, cottony mycelium. Reference: (1) G. E. Holcomb and M. J. Reed. Plant Dis. 78:924, 1994.

scholarly journals Lateral Clipping of Canopy Influences the Microclimate and Development of Apothecia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Carrots

Plant Disease ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 549-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cezarina Kora ◽  
Mary Ruth McDonald ◽  
Greg J. Boland
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Canopy Architecture ◽  
First Report ◽  
Manual Removal ◽  
Sclerotinia Rot ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Canopy Management

Four canopy management treatments were evaluated in carrot (Daucus carota) production in Bradford Marsh, Ontario, in 2001 and 2002: (i) unclipped control; (ii) unclipped canopy with manual removal of collapsed senescing leaves at 2-week intervals following the first appearance on the soil; (iii) lateral clipping of the canopy at the initial emergence of apothecia, leaving the debris in the furrow, and (iv) lateral clipping of the canopy with manual removal of the debris from the furrow. Clipping reduced the canopy width by ca. 20% on both sides of the carrot bed by cutting off overlapping leaves above the furrow and senescing foliage on the soil surface. Maximum air and soil temperatures were up to 9.2 and 3.1°C lower, respectively, and relative humidity was up to 30% higher in unclipped canopies than in clipped canopies. The total number of apothecia in clipped plots was reduced by 74 and 76% compared with unclipped plots in 2001 and 2002, respectively. Canopy clipping reduced the quantity of apothecia in the crop by creating an unfavorable microclimate for the development of S. sclerotiorum without affecting the fresh foliar and root weights of carrot at harvest. The presence of clipped foliar debris in the furrow affected the number of apothecia in 2001; however, apothecia under the debris are unlikely to contribute to the overall inoculum in the crop. Lateral clipping also appeared to control Sclerotinia rot of carrot where it occurred (in 2001). This is the first report that documents and quantifies the effects of canopy architecture on the microclimate, development of apothecia of S. sclerotiorum, and Sclerotinia rot in carrot crops.

scholarly journals First Report of Sclerotinia Rot on Blueberry Caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Argentina

Plant Disease ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 774-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Perez ◽  
O. M. Farinon ◽  
M. F. Berretta
Keyword(s):  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Universal Primers ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Buenos Aires Province ◽  
Laboratory Manual ◽  
First Report ◽  
Sclerotinia Rot

In October 2007, blighted shoots were observed on highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L. cv. O'Neal) plants in La Plata, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. Isolations from surface-disinfested shoots onto carrot agar and Spezieller Nahrstoffarmer Agar (SNA) consistently yielded white colonies that produced black sclerotia, mainly near the edge of the culture plates, after 7 days. Sclerotia were transferred to SNA tubes and kept at 5°C for several months. The germination of sclerotia produced numerous 6 mm long initials, stipitate pale brown cup-shaped apothecia (10 × 6 mm) with eight-spored asci (137 × 7 μm) at 18°C and continuous light conditions. Asci with uniseriate ascospores were cylindrical and narrow at the base. Ascospores (11 to 12 × 4 μm) were hyaline, unicellular, smooth, and ellipsoid. This isolated fungus was morphologically identified as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary (2,3). The isolate was deposited in the IMYZA Microbial Collection as INTA-IMC 87. Mycelium was cultured in 100 ml of Czapek's-Dox medium, supplemented with sucrose, peptone, yeast extract, sodium nitrate, and vitamins (1), for 3 days and fungal DNA was obtained using a DNA extraction kit. ITS1 and ITS2 of ribosomal genes were amplified by PCR using universal primers (4) and the PCR product was sequenced. A BLAST algorithm search revealed 100% identity of the sequence with 12 GenBank entries for S. sclerotiorum. The nucleotide sequence was deposited in the GenBank with Accession No. JF277567. Pathogenicity testing was achieved by placing detached leaves of cvs. Emerald, Misty, and Start on water agar (WA) plates, inoculating with 9-mm2 mycelial blocks, and incubating at 20°C with 12 h of light. Young shoots of highbush blueberry, Misty and O'Neal, were inoculated by the cut shoot method with micropipette tips filled with mycelium and kept under greenhouse conditions at 24°C and 14 h of light. On control plants, WA blocks or WA-filled micropipette tips were used. Leaf blight was observed after 5 to 6 days and sclerotia appeared after 7 days on inoculated tissues. Shoot blight was recorded on inoculated plants after 5 days. The fungus was reisolated from inoculated tissues, with no symptoms showing on controls. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Sclerotinia rot caused by S. sclerotiorum in blueberry in Argentina. References: (1) J.F. Leslie and B. A. Summerell. The Fusarium Laboratory Manual. Blackwell Publishing, Hoboken, NJ, 2006. (2). J. E. M. Mourde and P. Holliday. No. 513 in: CMI Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria. Kew, Surrey, UK, 1976. (3) S. Umemoto et al. Gen. Plant Pathol. 73:290, 2007. (4) T. J. White et al. Page 315 in: PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, 1990.

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