In vitro models of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE): Xanthophyll uptake, metabolism and pathway‐specific gene expression

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raju Marisiddaiah ◽  
Xiaoming Gong ◽  
Doris Wiener ◽  
Lewis P Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Specific Gene Expression

scholarly journals Potential Endogenous Cell Sources for Retinal Regeneration in Vertebrates and Humans: Progenitor Traits and Specialization

Biomedicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Eleonora N. Grigoryan
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Cell Phenotype ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Epigenetic Landscape ◽  
Retinal Regeneration ◽  
Cell Sources

Retinal diseases often cause the loss of photoreceptor cells and, consequently, impairment of vision. To date, several cell populations are known as potential endogenous retinal regeneration cell sources (RRCSs): the eye ciliary zone, the retinal pigment epithelium, the iris, and Müller glia. Factors that can activate the regenerative responses of RRCSs are currently under investigation. The present review considers accumulated data on the relationship between the progenitor properties of RRCSs and the features determining their differentiation. Specialized RRCSs (all except the ciliary zone in low vertebrates), despite their differences, appear to be partially “prepared” to exhibit their plasticity and be reprogrammed into retinal neurons due to the specific gene expression and epigenetic landscape. The “developmental” characteristics of RRCS gene expression are predefined by the pathway by which these cell populations form during eye morphogenesis; the epigenetic features responsible for chromatin organization in RRCSs are under intracellular regulation. Such genetic and epigenetic readiness is manifested in vivo in lower vertebrates and in vitro in higher ones under conditions permissive for cell phenotype transformation. Current studies on gene expression in RRCSs and changes in their epigenetic landscape help find experimental approaches to replacing dead cells through recruiting cells from endogenous resources in vertebrates and humans.

Production of interleukin-6 by human retinal pigment epithelium in vitro and its regulation by other cytokines

1992 ◽  
Vol 11 (sup1) ◽  
pp. 173-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark T. Benson ◽  
Lynda Shepherd ◽  
Robert C. Rees ◽  
Ian G. Rennie
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Human Retinal Pigment Epithelium

Maintenance of adult porcine retina and retinal pigment epithelium in perfusion culture: Characterisation of an organotypic in vitro model

2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 661-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Kobuch ◽  
Wolfgang A. Herrmann ◽  
Carsten Framme ◽  
Helmut G. Sachs ◽  
Veit-Peter Gabel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Pigment Epithelium ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Perfusion Culture ◽  
Vitro Model

The cytoskeletal elements of human retinal pigment epithelium: in vitro and in vivo

1988 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-312
Author(s):  
N.M. McKechnie ◽  
M. Boulton ◽  
H.L. Robey ◽  
F.J. Savage ◽  
I. Grierson
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Cytokeratin 18 ◽  
Rpe Cells ◽  
Human Retinal Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Cytoskeletal Elements

The cytoskeletal elements of normal (in situ) and cultured human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) were studied by a variety of immunocytochemical techniques. Primary antibodies to vimentin and cytokeratins were used. Positive immunoreactivity for vimentin was obtained with in situ and cultured material. The pattern of reactivity obtained with antisera and monoclonals to cytokeratins was more complex. Cytokeratin immunoreactivity could be demonstrated in situ and in cultured cells. The pattern of cytokeratin expression was similar to that of simple or glandular epithelia. A monoclonal antibody that specifically recognizes cytokeratin 18 identified a population of cultured RPE cells that had particularly well-defined filamentous networks within their cytoplasm. Freshly isolated RPE was cytokeratin 18 negative by immunofluorescence, but upon culture cytokeratin 18 positive cells were identifiable. Cytokeratin 18 positive cells were identified in all RPE cultures (other than early primaries), regardless of passage number, age or sex of the donor. In post-confluent cultures cytokeratin 18 cells were identified growing over cytokeratin 18 negative cells, suggesting an association of cytokeratin 18 immunoreactivity with cell proliferation. Immunofluorescence studies of retinal scar tissue from two individuals revealed the presence of numerous cytokeratin 18 positive cells. These findings indicate that RPE cells can be identified by their cytokeratin immunoreactivity and that the overt expression of cytokeratin 18 may be associated with proliferation of human RPE both in vitro and in vivo.

Coexpression of FGF-5 and bFGF by the retinal pigment epithelium in vitro

1992 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 727-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurie M. Bost ◽  
Amy E. Aotaki-Keen ◽  
Leonard M. Hjelmeland
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment
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