Variability of Motor-Evoked Potentials Recorded During Nitrous Oxide Anesthesia from the Tibialis Anterior Muscle After Transcranial Electrical Stimulation

1996 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 744-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian J. Woodforth ◽  
Richard G. Hicks ◽  
Matthew R. Crawford ◽  
John P. Stephen ◽  
David J. Burke
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Tibialis Anterior ◽  
Motor Evoked Potentials ◽  
Tibialis Anterior Muscle ◽  
Transcranial Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Oxide Anesthesia

Transcranial electrical stimulation through screw electrodes for intraoperative monitoring of motor evoked potentials

2004 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsushige Watanabe ◽  
Takashi Watanabe ◽  
Akio Takahashi ◽  
Nobuhito Saito ◽  
Masafumi Hirato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Intraoperative Monitoring ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Motor Evoked Potentials ◽  
Transcranial Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Motor Pathways ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The feasibility of high-frequency transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) through screw electrodes placed in the skull was investigated for use in intraoperative monitoring of the motor pathways in patients who are in a state of general anesthesia during cerebral and spinal operations. Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) were elicited by TES with a train of five square-wave pulses (duration 400 µsec, intensity ≤ 200 mA, frequency 500 Hz) delivered through metal screw electrodes placed in the outer table of the skull over the primary motor cortex in 42 patients. Myogenic MEPs to anodal stimulation were recorded from the abductor pollicis brevis (APB) and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles. The mean threshold stimulation intensity was 48 ± 17 mA for the APB muscles, and 112 ± 35 mA for the TA muscles. The electrodes were firmly fixed at the site and were not dislodged by surgical manipulation throughout the operation. No adverse reactions attributable to the TES were observed. Passing current through the screw electrodes stimulates the motor cortex more effectively than conventional methods of TES. The method is safe and inexpensive, and it is convenient for intraoperative monitoring of motor pathways.

“Quadripolar” Transcranial Electrical Stimulation for Motor Evoked Potentials

2020 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie L. Schwartz ◽  
Emily B. Kale ◽  
Dennis Madden ◽  
Aatif M. Husain
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Motor Evoked Potentials ◽  
Transcranial Electrical Stimulation
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