CONGENITAL ANOMALIES Cleft Lip and Palate

The identification of individuals at a higher risk of developing caries is of great interest. Isolated forms of cleft lip and palate are among the most common craniofacial congenital anomalies in humans. Historically, several reports suggest that individuals born with clefts have a higher risk for caries. Caries continues to be the most common infectious noncontagious disease worldwide and a great burden to any health system. The identification of individuals of higher susceptibility to caries is of great interest. In this paper, we assessed caries experience of 1,593 individuals from three distinct populations. The study included individuals born with clefts, their unaffected relatives, and unrelated unaffected controls that were recruited from areas with similar cultural pressures and limited access to dental care. DMFT/dmft scores were obtained, and caries experience rates were compared among the three groups in each geographic area. Individuals born with clefts did not present higher caries experience in comparison to their unaffected relatives or unrelated unaffected controls. Women tend to present higher caries rates in comparison to men. Our work provides strong evidence that individuals born with clefts are not at higher risk to caries; however, women tend to have more severe caries experience.

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Interhypothalamic Adhesion in a 9-Month-Old Male with Cleft Palate

Case Reports in Radiology ◽

10.1155/2013/197415 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Matthew T. Whitehead ◽

Jacqueline D. S. Angel

Keyword(s):

Cleft Palate ◽

Congenital Anomalies ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Male Infant ◽

Multiple Congenital Anomalies

A 9-month-old male infant with multiple congenital anomalies including cleft lip and palate was referred to us for a brain MR to exclude additional intracranial abnormalities. Imaging revealed an interhypothalamic adhesion, which we present as a possible forme fruste of holoprosencephaly.

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Incidence of Orofacial Clefts in Kumasi, Ghana

ISRN Plastic Surgery ◽

10.5402/2013/280903 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

P. Agbenorku ◽

M. Yore ◽

K. A. Danso ◽

C. Turpin

Keyword(s):

Cleft Palate ◽

Congenital Anomalies ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Orofacial Clefts ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Live Births ◽

Male Female Ratio ◽

Cleft Lip Palate ◽

History Of

Background. Cleft lip and cleft palate are among the most common orofacial congenital anomalies. This study is to establish Orofacial Clefts Database for Kumasi, Ghana, with a view to extend it to other cities in future to obtain a national orofacial anomaly database. Methods. A descriptive prospective survey was carried out at eleven selected health facilities in Kumasi. Results. The total number of live births recorded was 27,449. Orofacial anomalies recorded were 36, giving an incidence of 1.31/1000 live births or 1 in 763 live births. The mean maternal age of cleft lip/palate babies was 29.85 years (range 18–40 years). The male : female ratio for the orofacial anomalies babies was 1.3 : 1; the male : female ratio was 0.5 : 1 in the cleft lip group, 1.3 : 1 in the cleft lip and palate group, and 4 : 1 in the cleft palate group. The majority of clefts were unilateral (69.4%, n=25), with females (n=14) outnumbering males (n=11). A family history of cleft was recorded with five babies (13.9%). Associated congenital anomalies were recorded in seven (19.4%) cleft lips and/or palates. Conclusion. The incidence of 1 in 763 live births found in this study indicates that cleft lip/palate is a common congenital anomaly in Kumasi.

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Association of other congenital anomalies in children with cleft lip and palate: a prospective hospital based observational study

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20191072 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 1059

Author(s):

Padmasani Venkat Ramanan ◽

Rajesh Balan ◽

Jyotsna Murthy ◽

Syed Altaf Hussain

Keyword(s):

Congenital Anomaly ◽

Congenital Anomalies ◽

Congenital Malformations ◽

Congenital Heart ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Associated Anomalies ◽

Live Births ◽

Associated Malformations ◽

Syndrome Association

Background: Cleft lip and palate is a common congenital anomaly affecting approximately 1 in 700 live births in south Asia. It is often associated with syndromes and other malformations but the exact incidence of these in Asians is not known. The present study was carried out to determine the association of other congenital anomalies in children with cleft.Methods: The study was carried out in the patients attending the Cleft centre of our Hospital. They were examined for other major external congenital malformations and syndrome association. Where ever relevant, appropriate investigations were done.Results: Of the total of 2367 children examined, 262 (11.06%) had congenital malformations. Among the non-syndromic children, 9% had associated malformations. The commonest was congenital heart disease (1.4%) following by genitourinary and skeletal anomalies. The highest number of anomalies was seen in patients with cleft palate alone (24.89%). 1.4% patients had identifiable syndromes.Conclusions: The study emphasizes the need for a thorough examination of all children with cleft. The overall lower incidence of syndromic clefts and associated anomalies in present study suggests that other etiological factors may be involved in our country.

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Congenital anomalies associated with cleft lip and palate

British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.bjoms.2007.07.133 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 45 (7) ◽

pp. e10 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Prabhjot Singh Sekhon ◽

C. Bhasker Rao ◽

A.F. Markus

Keyword(s):

Congenital Anomalies ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate

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The incidence of congenital anomalies associated with cleft palate/cleft lip and palate in neonates in the Konya region, Turkey

British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.bjoms.2011.08.001 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 50 (6) ◽

pp. 541-544 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Hüseyin Altunhan ◽

Ali Annagür ◽

Murat Konak ◽

Sabahattin Ertuğrul ◽

Rahmi Örs ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cleft Palate ◽

Congenital Anomalies ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate

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Epidemiological characteristic of Orofacial clefts and its associated congenital anomalies: retrospective study

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/s12903-019-0980-5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

A. Impellizzeri ◽

I. Giannantoni ◽

A. Polimeni ◽

E. Barbato ◽

G. Galluccio

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Sex Ratio ◽

Congenital Malformation ◽

Congenital Anomalies ◽

Western Europe ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Central Africa ◽

Orofacial Cleft ◽

Total Prevalence

Abstract Background To evaluate the relationship between gender, ethnicity/citizenship, clinical phenotype, total prevalence, and the various congenital malformations associated with oral clefts (OC) in Italy across the period 2001–2014. Methods A retrospective analysis (2001–2014) was conducted based on the National Congenital Malformation Registries network of Italy (Emilia-Romagna Registry of Birth Defects [IMER] and Registro Toscano Difetti Congeniti [RTDC]), which were analyzed to investigate time trends, geographical/ethnic clusters, topography, sex ratio, and associated congenital anomalies of OC phenotypes. Results Among 739 registered cases, 29.8% were syndromic or had multi-malformed associated anomalies, compared with 70.2% having isolated orofacial cleft. Cleft lip (CL) was observed in 22%, cleft palate (CP) in 40%, and cleft lip and palate (CLP) in 38% of live births, stillbirths, and terminations of pregnancy for fetal anomaly cases. Other associated conditions were major anomalies of cardiovascular defects (39%), followed by defects of the limbs (28%), neuroectodermal defects (23%), and urogenital malformations (10%). Male-to-female sex ratio was 1:1.14 in CP, 1.22:1 in CL, and 1.9:1 in CLP. Foreigners were represented by 29% from Southeast Asia, 25% from Balkans, 25% from North-Central Africa, 9% from the East, 7% from Western Europe, and 5% from South America. Total prevalence of OC cases ranged from 0.9 (RTDC) to 1.1 (IMER) of 1000 births. Conclusions This retrospective study provides a population-based, clinical-epidemiological description of the orofacial cleft phenomenon. As a relatively frequent congenital malformation, its social and economic impact is worthy of further study. These abnormalities can cause significant problems that may be solved or minimized by early diagnosis and treatment.

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Chlorination disinfection by-products in drinking water and congenital anomalies: review and meta-analyses

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva ◽

10.1590/s1413-81232010000800015 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 15 (suppl 2) ◽

pp. 3109-3123 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen ◽

David Martinez ◽

James Grellier ◽

James Bennett ◽

Nicky Best ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Congenital Anomalies ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Epidemiologic Studies ◽

Excess Risk ◽

Significant Excess ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

Significant Excess Risk ◽

By Products

This study aims to review epidemiologic evidence of the association between exposure to chlorination disinfection by-products (DBPs) and congenital anomalies. All epidemiologic studies that evaluated a relationship between an index of DBP exposure and risk of congenital anomalies were analyzed. For all congenital anomalies combined, the meta-analysis gave a statistically significant excess risk for high versus low exposure to water chlorination or TTHM (17%; 95% CI, 3-34) based on a small number of studies. The meta-analysis also suggested a statistically significant excess risk for ventricular septal defects (58%; 95% CI, 21-107), but based on only three studies, and there was little evidence of an exposure-response relationship. It was observed no statistically significant relationships in the other meta-analyses and little evidence for publication bias, except for urinary tract defects and cleft lip and palate. Although some individual studies have suggested an association between chlorination disinfection by-products and congenital anomalies, meta-analyses of all currently available studies demonstrate little evidence of such association.

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Prevalence of clinically-evident congenital anomalies in the Western highlands of Guatemala

Reproductive Health ◽

10.1186/s12978-020-01007-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (S2) ◽

Author(s):

Lester Figueroa ◽

Ana Garces ◽

K. Michael Hambidge ◽

Elizabeth M. McClure ◽

Janet Moore ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Congenital Anomaly ◽

Nervous System ◽

Neonatal Mortality ◽

Congenital Anomalies ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Population Based ◽

Global Network ◽

Icd 10

Abstract Background Congenital anomalies are a significant cause of death and disability for infants, especially in low and middle-income countries (LMIC), where 95% of all deaths due to anomalies occur. Limited data on the prevalence and survival of infants with congenital anomalies are available from Central America. Estimates have indicated that 53 of every 10,000 live births in Guatemala are associated with a congenital anomaly. We aim to report on the incidence and survival of infants with congenital anomalies from a population-based registry and classify the anomalies according to the International Classification of Disease, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). Methods We conducted a planned secondary analysis of data from the Maternal Newborn Health Registry (MNHR), a prospective, population-based study carried out by the Global Network for Women’s and Children’s Health Research in seven research sites. We included all deliveries between 2014 and 2018 in urban and rural settings in Chimaltenango, in the Western Highlands of Guatemala. These cases of clinically evident anomalies were reported by field staff and reviewed by medically trained staff, who classified them according to ICD – 10 categories. The incidence of congenital anomalies and associated stillbirth, neonatal mortality, and survival rates were determined for up to 42 days. Results Out of 60,142 births, 384 infants were found to have a clinically evident congenital anomaly (63.8 per 10,000 births). The most common were anomalies of the nervous system (28.8 per 10,000), malformations and deformations of the musculoskeletal system (10.8 per 10,000), and cleft lip and palate (10.0 per 10,000). Infants born with nervous system anomalies had the highest stillbirth and neonatal mortality rates (14.6 and 9.0 per 10,000, respectively). Conclusions This is the first population-based report on congenital anomalies in Guatemala. The rates we found of overall anomalies are higher than previously reported estimates. These data will be useful to increase the focus on congenital anomalies and hopefully increase the use of interventions of proven benefit. Trial registration ClinalTrial.gov ID: NCT01073475.

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