Certain common clinical pediatric cardiologic problems are encountered daily by pediatricians, family physicians, and house staff who may, in the absence of specific guidance, unwittingly commit therapeutic and/or diagnostic misjudgements. Recommendations from the Academy would be most helpful if they can be developed. Such problems include (1) the use of oxygen in infants in congestive heart failure (CHF) secondary to left to right shunting, (2) treatment for "physiologic" anemia (2 to 6 months of age) in the presence of CHF, (3) the use of digoxin in the treatment of patients with cardiac enlargement associated with congential heart disease (CHD) but without overt evidence of CHF, and (4) electrocardiographic changes associated with acidosis and electrolyte imbalance.