430: VITAL SIGNS, NIVA, AND CENTRAL PARAMETERS IN A VOLUME OVERLOAD PORCINE MODEL

Previous studies in several different species have shown reduced extractability of collagens in some types of cardiac hypertrophy (volume overload) but not others (pressure overload). The objective of the present study was to examine collagen proteins from the same species (minipigs) with both pressure-overload- and volume-overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Hypertrophy was induced by two methods: thoracic banding of the aorta to create pressure overload and arteriovenous shunt to cause volume overload in a porcine model. Collagen types I, III, IV, and V were isolated by pepsin digestion from normal and hypertrophied pig left ventricle tissues. Types I and III collagens from normal and hypertrophied samples, when separated from types IV and V, were digested with cyanogen bromide (CB), and the peptides were examined. Collagen concentration was increased in myocardium removed from hearts subjected to volume overload and unchanged in hearts subjected to pressure overload. The extractability of total collagen was unaffected in pressure-overloaded left ventricles but lower in samples from volume-overloaded hearts. CB digestion cleaved all of the types I and III collagens into similar smaller CB peptides with the exception of a 100-kDa peptide that was observed in both control and hypertrophied hearts. This peptide corresponds to one of the high-molecular-weight peptides found in canine heart tissue. The mature collagen cross-link hydroxylysylpyridinoline (HP) was identified in normal and hypertrophied types I and III collagen from porcine sources. Pressure-overload- and volume-overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy in the pig produced different alterations in the extracellular matrix.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Role of myocardial hypertrophy on acute and chronic right ventricular performance in relation to chronic volume overload in a porcine model: Relevance for the surgical management of tetralogy of Fallot

Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.jtcvs.2013.10.026 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 147 (6) ◽

pp. 1956-1965 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Thierry Bove ◽

Kristof Vandekerckhove ◽

Stefaan Bouchez ◽

Patrick Wouters ◽

Pamela Somers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Right Ventricular ◽

Tetralogy Of Fallot ◽

Surgical Management ◽

Porcine Model ◽

Myocardial Hypertrophy ◽

Volume Overload ◽

Ventricular Performance ◽

Chronic Volume Overload ◽

Right Ventricular Performance

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Non-Invasive Venous Waveform Analysis (NIVA) in a Porcine Model of Volume Overload

Journal of the American College of Surgeons ◽

10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2019.08.1049 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 229 (4) ◽

pp. e121

Author(s):

Monica Polcz ◽

Bret Alvis ◽

Kyle Hocking

Keyword(s):

Porcine Model ◽

Volume Overload ◽

Waveform Analysis ◽

Non Invasive

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Transfusion associated circulatory overload (TACO): Significance of appropriate pre-transfusion risk assessment to prevent fatal health outcomes

Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association ◽

10.47391/jpma.04-532 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-3

Author(s):

Nazish Sana ◽

Muhammad Shariq Shaikh

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Venous Pressure ◽

Vital Signs ◽

Volume Overload ◽

Assisted Ventilation ◽

Transfusion Practice ◽

Severe Reaction ◽

Transfusion Rate ◽

Jugular Venous Pressure ◽

Circulatory Overload

Madam, Transfusion of blood products is a life rescuing medical intermediation; however, associated adverse transfusion reactions are major pitfalls. Transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO) is life-threatening pulmonary oedema that develops secondary to volume overload. Underlying precipitating factors include ages >60 years or <3 years, low body mass index (BMI), rapid transfusion rate and pre-existing volume overload conditions such as heart disease, renal failure, lung disease or low albumin levels. Sign and Symptoms include dyspnoea, tachypnoea, tachycardia, hypoxia, raised jugular venous pressure, broad pulse pressure and hypertension, that appears during or either six hours posttransfusion [1]. TACO should be discriminated from transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) by high jugular venous pressure, pulmonary arterial pressure to >18mmHg, hypertension, brain natriuretic peptide levels (>1200pg/ml) and response to diuretics. Management of TACO includes immediate discontinuation of transfusion, diuretics, supplementary oxygen, and assisted ventilation if indicated [2]. Serious Hazards of Transfusion (SHOT) in 2018 reported TACO as the most typical reason for transfusion-related deaths. Over the period of 11 years (2007-2018), overall cases raised from six to one hundred and ten, including the increase in mortality from one to five and one significant morbidity from three to thirty-six cases [3]. Interestingly, timely and appropriate preventive actions can reduce this severe reaction to zero. A precise risk assessment before transfusion is recommended by SHOT for TACO elimination, especially if the patient has underlying risk factors. Preventive strategies in such predisposed patients include reviewing the need for transfusion, deferring the transfusion until issue can be resolved, transfuse according to body weight, measure fluid balance, consider prophylactic diuretic, slow transfusion rate and monitoring vital signs including oxygen saturation. Thus, TACO is a serious but avoidable transfusion reaction. Appropriate assessment prior to transfusion in every patient is important to ensure safe blood transfusion practice. Continuous...

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