This paper examines the current status of in vitro fertilization and embryo
transfer (IVF-ET) as a treatment for various types of infertility. We reviewed
studies on the efficacy and safety of IVF-ET and intracytoplasmic sperm
injection (ICSI) plus IVF-ET, compared with conventional treatment or no
treatment for various infertility diagnoses. Material retrieved included
English language publications between 1992 and January 1997 that reported the
results of prospective controlled clinical trials, cohort studies, and
retrospective comparative studies with large series, and reviews presenting
risks, complications, and longer-term health consequences associated with
IVF-ET and ICSI. No adequate prospective comparative studies of sufficient
power on the use of IVF-ET for specific infertility diagnoses have been
reported to date. Most of the published reports concerning results with IVF-ET
as a treatment of infertility have been based upon small, uncontrolled
studies, with various methodological weaknesses. Reported results are not
directly comparable. There are few follow-up data on outcomes after pregnancy
is established or on long-term health consequences of the use of IVF-ET on
mothers and their babies. IVF-ET has diffused widely without comprehensive
assessment of its efficacy and safety. The available evidence supports its use
only for severe bilateral tubal occlusion. For other diagnoses of infertility
the evidence is limited and does not establish whether IVF-ET is effective.
Long-term, well-designed, prospective clinical trials are required to
determine when and for what indications IVF-ET is effective and what its
health effects are on both mothers and their babies.
Efficacy and safety of moxibustion in female infertility patients undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer
