Extracorporeal Support in Children With Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. S111-S117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi J. Dalton ◽  
Duncan J. Macrae
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Extracorporeal Support

scholarly journals Update on Extracorporeal Oxygenation in Adults

1996 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 377-379
Author(s):  
W Demajo
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Multicentre Study ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Ventilation Strategies ◽  
Extracorporeal Support ◽  
Extracorporeal Oxygenation

The usefulness of managing adult patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and hypoxemia by means of systems using extracorporeal oxygenation has been questioned. A National Institutes of Health multicentre study, published in 1979, reported survival rates of 9.5% and 8.3% in extracorporeally and ventilator managed patients, respectively. Another recent study reports survival rates of 33% and 42% in ventilator and extracorporealy managed patients, respectively. None of these differences was statistically significant. Indications for extracorporeal oxygenation may need to be re-evaluated to clarify those cases that would not be manageable with current ventilation strategies and, hence, would merit extracorporeal support.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of Pulmonary Hypertension in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy Revercomb ◽  
Ankit Hanmandlu ◽  
Nancy Wareing ◽  
Bindu Akkanti ◽  
Harry Karmouty-Quintana
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Systemic Complications ◽  
Support Strategies ◽  
Extracorporeal Support

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe and often fatal disease. The causes that lead to ARDS are multiple and include inhalation of salt water, smoke particles, or as a result of damage caused by respiratory viruses. ARDS can also arise due to systemic complications such as blood transfusions, sepsis, or pancreatitis. Unfortunately, despite a high mortality rate of 40%, there are limited treatment options available for ARDS outside of last resort options such as mechanical ventilation and extracorporeal support strategies.Aim of review: A complication of ARDS is the development of pulmonary hypertension (PH); however, the mechanisms that lead to PH in ARDS are not fully understood. In this review, we summarize the known mechanisms that promote PH in ARDS.Key scientific concepts of review: (1) Provide an overview of acute respiratory distress syndrome; (2) delineate the mechanisms that contribute to the development of PH in ARDS; (3) address the implications of PH in the setting of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Advanced echocardiography: sepsis

2019 ◽  
pp. 211-216
Author(s):  
Susanna Price ◽  
Guido Tavazzi
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Pulmonary Oedema ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Right Heart Function ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Extracorporeal Support

This chapter will introduce the key features to address in sepsis using echocardiography, including: volaemic status (requirement for, and tolerance to, volume); alteration in myocardial function; when sepsis is associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome and assessment of right heart function for potential extracorporeal support; differentiation of pulmonary oedema from acute respiratory distress syndrome; changes in pulmonary artery systolic pressures and/or pulmonary vascular resistance; and exclusion/diagnosis of the underlying cause of sepsis, including endocarditis.

COVID-19 – eine vaskuläre Systemerkrankung

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 418-421
Author(s):  
Christopher Werlein ◽  
Peter Braubach ◽  
Vincent Schmidt ◽  
Nicolas J. Dickgreber ◽  
Bruno Märkl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie aktuelle COVID-19-Pandemie verzeichnet mittlerweile über 18 Millionen Erkrankte und 680 000 Todesfälle weltweit. Für die hohe Variabilität sowohl der Schweregrade des klinischen Verlaufs als auch der Organmanifestationen fanden sich zunächst keine pathophysiologisch zufriedenstellenden Erklärungen. Bei schweren Krankheitsverläufen steht in der Regel eine pulmonale Symptomatik im Vordergrund, meist unter dem Bild eines „acute respiratory distress syndrome“ (ARDS). Darüber hinaus zeigen sich jedoch in unterschiedlicher Häufigkeit Organmanifestationen in Haut, Herz, Nieren, Gehirn und anderen viszeralen Organen, die v. a. durch eine Perfusionsstörung durch direkte oder indirekte Gefäßwandschädigung zu erklären sind. Daher wird COVID-19 als vaskuläre Multisystemerkrankung aufgefasst. Vor dem Hintergrund der multiplen Organmanifestationen sind klinisch-pathologische Obduktionen eine wichtige Grundlage der Entschlüsselung der Pathomechanismen von COVID-19 und auch ein Instrument zur Generierung und Hinterfragung innovativer Therapieansätze.

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