Optic Neuritis–Independent Retinal Atrophy in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Angeliki G. Filippatou ◽  
Eleni S. Vasileiou ◽  
Yufan He ◽  
Kathryn C. Fitzgerald ◽  
Grigorios Kalaitzidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Retinal Atrophy

scholarly journals Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder and Anti-MOG Syndromes

Biomedicines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco A. Lana-Peixoto ◽  
Natália Talim
Keyword(s):  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Area Postrema ◽  
Water Channel ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ◽  
Immunosuppressive Drugs ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (anti-MOG) syndromes are immune-mediated inflammatory conditions of the central nervous system that frequently involve the optic nerves and the spinal cord. Because of their similar clinical manifestations and habitual relapsing course they are frequently confounded with multiple sclerosis (MS). Early and accurate diagnosis of these distinct conditions is relevant as they have different treatments. Some agents used for MS treatment may be deleterious to NMOSD. NMOSD is frequently associated with antibodies which target aquaporin-4 (AQP4), the most abundant water channel in the CNS, located in the astrocytic processes at the blood-brain barrier (BBB). On the other hand, anti-MOG syndromes result from damage to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), expressed on surfaces of oligodendrocytes and myelin sheaths. Acute transverse myelitis with longitudinally extensive lesion on spinal MRI is the most frequent inaugural manifestation of NMOSD, usually followed by optic neuritis. Other core clinical characteristics include area postrema syndrome, brainstem, diencephalic and cerebral symptoms that may be associated with typical MRI abnormalities. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and bilateral or recurrent optic neuritis are the most frequent anti-MOG syndromes in children and adults, respectively. Attacks are usually treated with steroids, and relapses prevention with immunosuppressive drugs. Promising emerging therapies for NMOSD include monoclonal antibodies and tolerization.

scholarly journals Mimics of Optic Neuritis in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Nandita Prabhat ◽  
Karthik Vinay Mahesh ◽  
Aastha Takkar ◽  
Manjul Tripathi ◽  
Chirag Ahuja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder

scholarly journals MOG-IgG-Associated Optic Neuritis, Encephalitis, and Myelitis: Lessons Learned From Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giordani Rodrigues dos Passos ◽  
Luana Michelli Oliveira ◽  
Bruna Klein da Costa ◽  
Samira Luisa Apostolos-Pereira ◽  
Dagoberto Callegaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder

Bidirectional degeneration in the visual pathway in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD)

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 1585-1593 ◽  
Author(s):  
De-Cai Tian ◽  
Lei Su ◽  
Moli Fan ◽  
Jian Yang ◽  
Rui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Retinal Thickness ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Visual Pathway ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Optic Radiations

Objective: This study aims to investigate whether bidirectional degeneration occurs within the visual pathway and, if so, the extent of such changes in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Methods: In total, 36 NMOSD and 24 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. Three-dimensional T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging were used to analyze damage to the posterior visual pathway. Damage to the anterior visual pathway was measured by optical coherence tomography. Results: In total, 24 NMOSD with prior optic neuritis (NMOON) patients showed significant reduction of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer, inner and outer retinal thickness, lateral geniculate nucleus volume, primary visual cortex volume, and decreased integrity of optic radiations, compared with 12 NMOSD without prior optic neuritis (NMONON) patients and 24 HCs. In NMONON, only the inner retinal thickness and the integrity of optic radiations were significantly reduced in comparison with HCs. Moreover, patients with optic neuritis showed severe bidirectional degeneration, the loss of the RNFL was greater than the atrophy of V1. Conclusion: Our study indicated the presence of trans-synaptic degeneration in NMOSD. Damage to the inner retina and optic radiations can be observed even in NMONON. After an episode of optic neuritis, the anterior visual pathway damage is greater than the posterior visual pathway damage.

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