Long-term outcome of anxiety disorders: a review of double-blind studies

Abstract A European, multicenter. prospective, randomized. double-blind, dose-comparison study on preventive therapy with intravenously administered nimodipine was performed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of two different doses: 2 and 3 mg/h. Two hundred four patients fulfilled the criteria for enrollment in the study; surgery within 72 hours after the last subarachnoid hemorrhage, and age between 16 and 72 years. All patients who had Hunt and Hess grades of I to III were operated upon: patients who had poor Hunt and Hess grades (IV-V) were operated on according to the surgeon's choice. This treatment regimen was associated with a low incidence of delayed neurological dysfunction with no significant difference between the two dosage groups: three patients (1.5%) remained severely disabled and two (1%) moderately disabled due to vasospasm with or without additional complications. Among the patients with Hunt and Hess grades of IV or V. the long-term outcome was favorable (good-fair) for 40% and unfavorable for 60%. Among the patients with grades of I to III, the long-term outcome was favorable for 89% and unfavorable for 11%.

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Long-Term Outcome of Panic States During Double-Blind Treatment and After Withdrawal of Alprazolam and Placebo

Annals of Clinical Psychiatry ◽

10.3109/10401239209150457 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 251-258 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Stephen Dager ◽

Peter Roy-Byrne ◽

Helen Hendrickson ◽

Deborah Cowley ◽

David Avery ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Double Blind ◽

Term Outcome ◽

Long Term Outcome

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A Pilot Study for a Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind Trial of the Influence of Anesthetic Depth on Long-Term Outcome

Survey of Anesthesiology ◽

10.1097/01.sa.0000453217.42441.ef ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 58 (5) ◽

pp. 237-238

Author(s):

Timothy G. Short ◽

Kate Leslie ◽

Douglas Campbell ◽

Matthew T. V. Chan ◽

Tomas Corcoran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Double Blind Trial ◽

Double Blind ◽

Term Outcome ◽

Long Term Outcome ◽

Anesthetic Depth ◽

Blind Trial

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Healthcare costs and quality of life associated with the long-term outcome of anxiety disorders

Anxiety Stress & Coping ◽

10.1080/10615806.2020.1839731 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

Cassie Higgins ◽

Julie A. Chambers ◽

Kirsten Major ◽

Robert C. Durham

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Anxiety Disorders ◽

Healthcare Costs ◽

Term Outcome ◽

Long Term Outcome

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Issues in the Pharmacological Treatment of Anxiety Disorders

Australasian Psychiatry ◽

10.1080/j.1440-1665.2005.02225.x ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 371-374 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Vladan Starcevic

Keyword(s):

Anxiety Disorders ◽

Side Effect ◽

Therapeutic Drug ◽

Side Effect Profile ◽

Therapeutic Action ◽

Term Outcome ◽

Pharmacological Agents ◽

Long Term Outcome ◽

Risk Of Relapse

Objective: To review the most salient issues in the pharmacotherapy of anxiety disorders. These pertain to means of achieving greater efficacy, accelerating the onset of therapeutic action, improving side-effect profile and tolerability, decreasing the propensity to induce therapeutic dependence and achieving better long-term outcome. Conclusions: By and large, pharmacological agents with greater efficacy in anxiety disorders have yet to be developed. Several strategies have been used with some success to make medications for anxiety disorders work faster and to lessen their side-effect burden. The field of psychopharmacology has yet to find ways of lessening or eliminating the problem of therapeutic drug dependence and, even more so, of minimizing the risk of relapse following the cessation of medication.

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A Pilot Study for a Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind Trial of the Influence of Anesthetic Depth on Long-Term Outcome

Anesthesia & Analgesia ◽

10.1213/ane.0000000000000209 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 118 (5) ◽

pp. 981-986 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Timothy G. Short ◽

Kate Leslie ◽

Douglas Campbell ◽

Matthew T. V. Chan ◽

Tomas Corcoran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Double Blind Trial ◽

Double Blind ◽

Term Outcome ◽

Long Term Outcome ◽

Anesthetic Depth ◽

Blind Trial

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Is Minimal, [Almost] Steroid-Free Immunosuppression a Safe Approach in Adult Liver Transplantation? Long-term Outcome of a Prospective, Double Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized, Investigator-Driven Study

Annals of Surgery ◽

10.1097/sla.0000000000000969 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 260 (5) ◽

pp. 886-892 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Jan P. Lerut ◽

Rafael S. Pinheiro ◽

Quirino Lai ◽

Valentine Stouffs ◽

Giuseppe Orlando ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Transplantation ◽

Adult Liver ◽

Double Blind ◽

Term Outcome ◽

Long Term Outcome ◽

Double Blind Placebo ◽

Safe Approach

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CHInese Medicine NeuroAiD Efficacy on Stroke Recovery - Extension Study (CHIMES-E): A Multicenter Study of Long-Term Efficacy

Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽

10.1159/000382082 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 39 (5-6) ◽

pp. 309-318 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian ◽

Sherry H. Young ◽

San San Tay ◽

Thirugnanam Umapathi ◽

Annabelle Y. Lao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chinese Medicine ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Functional Independence ◽

Stroke Recovery ◽

Double Blind ◽

Term Outcome ◽

Long Term Outcome ◽

Time Points

Background: The CHInese Medicine NeuroAiD Efficacy on Stroke recovery (CHIMES) study was an international randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of MLC601 (NeuroAiD) in subjects with cerebral infarction of intermediate severity within 72 h. CHIMES-E (Extension) aimed at evaluating the effects of the initial 3-month treatment with MLC601 on long-term outcome for up to 2 years. Methods: All subjects randomized in CHIMES were eligible for CHIMES-E. Inclusion criteria for CHIMES were age ≥18, baseline National Institute of Health Stroke Scale of 6-14, and pre-stroke modified Rankin Scale (mRS) ≤1. Initial CHIMES treatment allocation blinding was maintained, although no further study treatment was provided in CHIMES-E. Subjects received standard care and rehabilitation as prescribed by the treating physician. mRS, Barthel Index (BI), and occurrence of medical events were ascertained at months 6, 12, 18, and 24. The primary outcome was mRS at 24 months. Secondary outcomes were mRS and BI at other time points. Results: CHIMES-E included 880 subjects (mean age 61.8 ± 11.3; 36% women). Adjusted OR for mRS ordinal analysis was 1.08 (95% CI 0.85-1.37, p = 0.543) and mRS dichotomy ≤1 was 1.29 (95% CI 0.96-1.74, p = 0.093) at 24 months. However, the treatment effect was significantly in favor of MLC601 for mRS dichotomy ≤1 at 6 months (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.11-2.01, p = 0.008), 12 months (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.05-1.90, p = 0.023), and 18 months (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.01-1.83, p = 0.045), and for BI dichotomy ≥95 at 6 months (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.14-2.10, p = 0.005) but not at other time points. Subgroup analyses showed no treatment heterogeneity. Rates of death and occurrence of vascular and other medical events were similar between groups. Conclusions: While the benefits of a 3-month treatment with MLC601 did not reach statistical significance for the primary endpoint at 2 years, the odds of functional independence defined as mRS ≤1 was significantly increased at 6 months and persisted up to 18 months after a stroke.

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