scholarly journals Social drive and the evolution of primate hearing

2012 ◽  
Vol 367 (1597) ◽  
pp. 1860-1868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marissa A. Ramsier ◽  
Andrew J. Cunningham ◽  
James J. Finneran ◽  
Nathaniel J. Dominy
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Social Complexity ◽  
Selective Pressure ◽  
General Rule ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Vocal Signals ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Response Method ◽  
And Function

The structure and function of primate communication have attracted much attention, and vocal signals, in particular, have been studied in detail. As a general rule, larger social groups emit more types of vocal signals, including those conveying the presence of specific types of predators. The adaptive advantages of receiving and responding to alarm calls are expected to exert a selective pressure on the auditory system. Yet, the comparative biology of primate hearing is limited to select species, and little attention has been paid to the effects of social and vocal complexity on hearing. Here, we use the auditory brainstem response method to generate the largest number of standardized audiograms available for any primate radiation. We compared the auditory sensitivities of 11 strepsirrhine species with and without independent contrasts and show that social complexity explains a significant amount of variation in two audiometric parameters—overall sensitivity and high-frequency limit. We verified the generality of this latter result by augmenting our analysis with published data from nine species spanning the primate order. To account for these findings, we develop and test a model of social drive. We hypothesize that social complexity has favoured enhanced hearing sensitivities, especially at higher frequencies.

scholarly journals Primate communication in the pure ultrasound

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 508-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marissa A. Ramsier ◽  
Andrew J. Cunningham ◽  
Gillian L. Moritz ◽  
James J. Finneran ◽  
Cathy V. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Background Noise ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Dominant Frequency ◽  
Ultrasonic Vocalizations ◽  
Energetic Efficiency ◽  
Frequency Limit ◽  
Vocal Signals ◽  
Brainstem Response

Few mammals—cetaceans, domestic cats and select bats and rodents—can send and receive vocal signals contained within the ultrasonic domain, or pure ultrasound (greater than 20 kHz). Here, we use the auditory brainstem response (ABR) method to demonstrate that a species of nocturnal primate, the Philippine tarsier ( Tarsius syrichta ), has a high-frequency limit of auditory sensitivity of ca 91 kHz. We also recorded a vocalization with a dominant frequency of 70 kHz. Such values are among the highest recorded for any terrestrial mammal, and a relatively extreme example of ultrasonic communication. For Philippine tarsiers, ultrasonic vocalizations might represent a private channel of communication that subverts detection by predators, prey and competitors, enhances energetic efficiency, or improves detection against low-frequency background noise.

Infrared/Video Eng Recording of Eye Movements to Evaluate the Inferior Vestibular Nerve Using the Minimal Caloric Test

1988 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred H. Linthicum ◽  
Ron Waldorf ◽  
William M. Luxford ◽  
Sharon Caltogirone
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Vestibular Nerve ◽  
Caloric Test ◽  
Nerve Section ◽  
High Frequency Hearing Loss ◽  
Vestibular Response ◽  
Infrared Video ◽  
Inferior Vestibular Nerve ◽  
Brainstem Response

The technique was originally developed to test the inferior vestibular nerve in tumor suspects whose high-frequency hearing loss exceeded the capabilities of the auditory brainstem response tests and whose electronystagmographic results showed no significantly reduced vestibular response. The test has subsequently been found effective to demonstrate persistent singular nerve fiber function in patients with persistent vertigo after retrolabyrinthine vestibular nerve section.

Work-Related, Noise-Induced Hearing Loss: Evaluation Including Evoked Potential Audiometry

1994 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Barrs ◽  
Lisa K. Althoff ◽  
Wesley W. O. Krueger ◽  
James E. Olsson
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Noise Induced Hearing Loss ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Middle Latency Response ◽  
Behavioral Thresholds ◽  
Valuable Adjunct ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Scanning

This article reviews the evaluation of 246 workers (492 ears) who underwent otologic and audiologic testing as part of a worker's compensation claim for work-related, noise-induced hearing loss. Tinnitus was present in 58% of the patients, but was rarely a major symptom. Other otologic symptoms or a history of ear disease were virtually nonexistent. Standard audiometry showed a downsloping, high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss in 85% of the ears tested, with only 37% having a characteristic “noise notch” at 4000 or 6000 hertz. Asymmetric hearing loss was not uncommon, with 48 patients (20%) undergoing magnetic resonance scanning, all of whom showed no central lesion responsible for the loss. Proven malingering was surprisingly uncommon (9%). In this study, evoked response audiometry was a valuable adjunct to confirm behavioral thresholds in the evaluation of possible work-related, noise-induced hearing loss. The middle latency response was more effective than the auditory brainstem response as a result of the high-frequency steepness of the audiometric curve.

The effect of coronavirus disease 2019 on the hearing system

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Ö Gedik ◽  
H Hüsam ◽  
M Başöz ◽  
N Tas ◽  
F Aksoy
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Distortion Product ◽  
High Frequency Audiometry ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Hearing System

Abstract Objective This study aimed to evaluate different auditory regions with audiological tests, based on the presumption that there may be damage to the structures in the hearing system after coronavirus disease 2019. Methods Twenty individuals with no history of coronavirus disease 2019 and 27 individuals diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 were compared. Pure tone, speech and extended high-frequency audiometry, acoustic immitansmetry, transient evoked and distortion product otoacoustic emissions testing, and auditory brainstem response testing were conducted. Results The pure tone audiometry and extended high-frequency mean threshold values were higher in the coronavirus disease 2019 group. The transient evoked otoacoustic emissions signal-to-noise ratios were bilaterally lower at 4 kHz in individuals with a coronavirus disease 2019 history. In the auditory brainstem response test, only the interpeak latencies of waves III–V were significantly different between groups. Conclusion Coronavirus disease 2019 may cause damage to the hearing system. Patients should be followed up in the long term with advanced audiological evaluation methods in order to determine the extent and level of damage.

scholarly journals Synchronized Progression of Prestin Expression and Auditory Brainstem Response during Postnatal Development in Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianfeng Hang ◽  
Wenlu Pan ◽  
Aoshuang Chang ◽  
Shun Li ◽  
Cuixian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Outer Hair Cells ◽  
Cochlear Amplification ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
And Function ◽  
Postnatal Rats

Prestin is the motor protein expressed in the cochlear outer hair cells (OHCs) of mammalian inner ear. The electromotility of OHCs driven by prestin is responsible for the cochlear amplification which is required for normal hearing in adult animals. Postnatal expression of prestin and activity of OHCs may contribute to the maturation of hearing in rodents. However, the temporal and spatial expression of prestin in cochlea during the development is not well characterized. In the present study, we examined the expression and function of prestin from the OHCs in apical, middle, and basal turns of the cochleae of postnatal rats. Prestin first appeared at postnatal day 6 (P6) for basal turn, P7 in middle turn, and P9 for apical turn of cochlea. The expression level increased progressively over the next few days and by P14 reached the mature level for all three segments. By comparison with the time course of the development of auditory brainstem response for different frequencies, our data reveal that prestin expression synchronized with the hearing development. The present study suggests that the onset time of hearing may require the expression of prestin and is determined by the mature function of OHCs.

Development of Low-Frequency Tone Burst versus the Click Auditory Brainstem Response

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 114-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond M. Hurley ◽  
Annette Hurley ◽  
Charles I. Berlin
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Tone Burst ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Frequency Sensitivity ◽  
Frequency Tone ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Threshold Testing ◽  
Wave Latency

Often ABR threshold testing employs clicks to assess high-frequency hearing, and low-frequency tone bursts to assess low-frequency sensitivity. While a maturation effect has been shown for click stimuli, similar data are lacking for low-frequency toneburst stimuli. Thus, 305 infants ranging in conceptional age (CA) from 33 weeks to 74 weeks were tested. Absolute latencies were measured for wave V at 55, 35, and 25 dB nHL in response to a click and for wave V500 in response to a 500 Hz tone burst. Major wave latency in response to 500 Hz tone bursts decreases with age and do not stabilize by 70 weeks CA. Likewise, waves III and V latencies in response to clicks decrease with age, as has been reported by others, and do not stabilize by 70 weeks CA. Wave I latency produced by clicks did not decrease with age, being mature by 33 weeks CA.

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