scholarly journals PRDM9 directs recombination hotspots to prevent competition with meiotic transcription

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Jimenez Schwarzkopf ◽  
Omar E Cornejo
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Genomic Data ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Sequence Motifs ◽  
Potential Competition ◽  
Recombination Hotspots ◽  
Dna Sequence Motifs ◽  
Mouse Genomic ◽  
Functional Orthologs

PRDM9 drives recombination hotspots in some mammals, including mice and apes. Non-functional orthologs of PRDM9 are present in a wide variety of vertebrates, but why it is functionally maintained in some lineages is not clear. One possible explanation is that PRDM9 plays a role in ensuring that meiosis is successful. During meiosis, available DNA may be a limiting resource given the tight packaging of chromosomes and could lead to competition between two key processes: meiotic transcription and recombination. Here we explore this potential competition and the role that PRDM9 might play in their interaction. Leveraging existing mouse genomic data, we use resampling schemes that simulate shuffled features along the genome and models that account for the rarity of features in the genome, to test if PRDM9 influences interactions between recombination hotspots and meiotic transcription in a whole genome framework. We also explored possible DNA sequence motifs associated to clusters of hotspots not tied to transcription or PRDM9. We find evidence of competition between meiotic transcription and recombination, with PRDM9 appearing to relocate recombination to avoid said conflict. We also find that retrotransposons may be playing a role in directing hotspots in the absence of other factors.

scholarly journals Diverse DNA Sequence Motifs Activate Meiotic Recombination Hotspots Through a Common Chromatin Remodeling Pathway

Genetics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 213 (3) ◽  
pp. 789-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tresor O. Mukiza ◽  
Reine U. Protacio ◽  
Mari K. Davidson ◽  
Walter W. Steiner ◽  
Wayne P. Wahls
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Meiotic Recombination ◽  
Sequence Motifs ◽  
Recombination Hotspots ◽  
Dna Sequence Motifs ◽  
Meiotic Recombination Hotspots

scholarly journals Genome Wide Analysis of the Transcriptional Profiles in Different Regions of the Developing Rice Grains

Rice ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting-Ying Wu ◽  
Marlen Müller ◽  
Wilhelm Gruissem ◽  
Navreet K. Bhullar
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Aleurone Layer ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Sequence Motifs ◽  
Grain Development ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Dna Sequence Motifs

Abstract Background Rice is an important food source for humans worldwide. Because of its nutritional and agricultural significance, a number of studies addressed various aspects of rice grain development and grain filling. Nevertheless, the molecular processes underlying grain filling and development, and in particular the contributions of different grain tissues to these processes, are not understood. Main Text Using RNA-sequencing, we profiled gene expression activity in grain tissues comprised of cross cells (CC), the nucellar epidermis (NE), ovular vascular trace (OVT), endosperm (EN) and the aleurone layer (AL). These tissues were dissected using laser capture microdissection (LCM) at three distinct grain development stages. The mRNA expression datasets offer comprehensive and new insights into the gene expression patterns in different rice grain tissues and their contributions to grain development. Comparative analysis of the different tissues revealed their similar and/or unique functions, as well as the spatio-temporal regulation of common and tissue-specific genes. The expression patterns of genes encoding hormones and transporters indicate an important role of the OVT tissue in metabolite transport during grain development. Gene co-expression network prediction on OVT-specific genes identified several distinct and common development-specific transcription factors. Further analysis of enriched DNA sequence motifs proximal to OVT-specific genes revealed known and novel DNA sequence motifs relevant to rice grain development. Conclusion Together, the dataset of gene expression in rice grain tissues is a novel and useful resource for further work to dissect the molecular and metabolic processes during rice grain development.

What are DNA sequence motifs?

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrik D'haeseleer
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Sequence Motifs ◽  
Dna Sequence Motifs

scholarly journals c-Jun/c-Fos heterodimers regulate cellular genes via a newly identified class of methylated DNA sequence motifs

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 3059-3072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Montse Gustems ◽  
Anne Woellmer ◽  
Ulrich Rothbauer ◽  
Sebastian H. Eck ◽  
Thomas Wieland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Epigenetic Silencing ◽  
Activator Protein 1 ◽  
Sequence Motifs ◽  
Promoter Regions ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Dna Sequence Motifs

Abstract CpG methylation in mammalian DNA is known to interfere with gene expression by inhibiting the binding of transactivators to their cognate sequence motifs or recruiting proteins involved in gene repression. An Epstein–Barr virus-encoded transcription factor, Zta, was the first example of a sequence-specific transcription factor that preferentially recognizes and selectively binds DNA sequence motifs with methylated CpG residues, reverses epigenetic silencing and activates gene transcription. The DNA binding domain of Zta is homologous to c-Fos, a member of the cellular AP-1 (activator protein 1) transcription factor family, which regulates cell proliferation and survival, apoptosis, transformation and oncogenesis. We have identified a novel AP-1 binding site termed meAP-1, which contains a CpG dinucleotide. If methylated, meAP-1 sites are preferentially bound by the AP-1 heterodimer c-Jun/c-Fos in vitro and in cellular chromatin in vivo. In activated human primary B cells, c-Jun/c-Fos locates to these methylated elements in promoter regions of transcriptionally activated genes. Reminiscent of the viral Zta protein, c-Jun/c-Fos is the first identified cellular member of the AP-1 family of transactivators that can induce expression of genes with methylated, hence repressed promoters, reversing epigenetic silencing.

scholarly journals Genome wide analysis of the transcriptional profiles in different regions of the developing rice grains

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting-Ying Wu ◽  
Marlen Müller ◽  
Wilhelm Gruissem ◽  
Navreet K. Bhullar
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Aleurone Layer ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Sequence Motifs ◽  
Grain Development ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Dna Sequence Motifs

Abstract Background Rice is an important food source for humans worldwide. Because of its nutritional and agricultural significance, a number of studies addressed various aspects of rice grain development and grain filling. Nevertheless, the molecular processes underlying grain filling and development, and in particular in different contributions of grain tissues to these process, are not understood. Main text Using RNA-sequencing, we profiled gene expression activity in grain tissues comprised of cross cells (CC), the nucellar epidermis (NE), ovular vascular trace (OVT), endosperm (EN) and the aleurone layer (AL). These tissues were dissected using laser capture microdissection (LCM) at three distinct grain development stages. The mRNA expression datasets offer comprehensive and new insights into the gene expression patterns in different rice grain tissues and their contributions to grain development. Comparative analysis of the different tissues revealed their similar and/or unique functions, as well as the spatio-temporal regulation of common and tissue-specific genes. The expression patterns of genes encoding hormones and transporters indicate an important role of the OVT tissue in metabolite transport during grain development. Gene co-expression network prediction on OVT-specific genes identified several distinct and common development-specific transcription factors. Further analysis of enriched DNA sequence motifs proximal to OVT-specific genes revealed known and novel DNA sequence motifs relevant to rice grain development. Conclusion Together, the dataset of gene expression in rice grain tissues is a novel and useful resource for further work to dissect the molecular and metabolic processes during rice grain development.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document