scholarly journals A constitutively expressed antifungal peptide protects Tenebrio molitor during a natural infection by the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevasti Maistrou ◽  
Véronique Paris ◽  
Annette B. Jensen ◽  
Jens Rolff ◽  
Nicolai V. Meyling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Antifungal Peptides ◽  
Mealworm Beetle ◽  
Fungus Beauveria Bassiana

Antimicrobial peptides have been well studied in the context of bacterial infections. Antifungal peptides have received comparatively less attention. Fungal pathogens of insects and their hosts represent a unique opportunity to study host-pathogen interactions due to the million of years of co-evolution they share. In this study, we investigated role of a constitutively expressed thaumatin-like peptide with antifungal activity expressed by the mealworm beetle Tenebrio molitor, named Tenecin 3, during a natural infection with the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. We monitored the effect of the expression of Tenecin 3 on the survival of infected hosts as well as on the progression of the fungal infection inside the host. Finally, we tested the activity of Tenecin 3 against B. bassiana. These findings could help improving biocontrol strategies and help understanding the evolution of antifungal peptides as a defense mechanism.

scholarly journals Immunoliogical Responses of Hyphantria Cunea (Drury) (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) to Entomopathogenic Fungi, Beauveria Bassiana (Bals.-Criy) and Isaria Farinosae (Holmsk.) Fr.

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Ajamhassani ◽  
Jalal Jalali Sendi ◽  
Arash Zibaee ◽  
Hassan Askary ◽  
Mohamad Jafar Farsi
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Hyphantria Cunea ◽  
Latex Beads ◽  
Total Hemocyte Count ◽  
Cellular Immune ◽  
Fungus Beauveria Bassiana

Abstract Five morphological types of hemocytes were recognized in hemolymph of the 4th instar larvae of Hyphantria cunea (Drury). These hemocytes were: prohemocytes, plasmotocytes, granulocytes, oenocytoids, and spherulocytes. Tests were done on the effects of four isolates of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criy) (Fashand, spt-22, Ir-K-40 and 566), one isolate of Isaria farinosae (Holmsk.) Fr. (1872c), and latex-beads on the cellular immune defense mechanism and Phenoloxidase (PO) activity of H. cunea. Observation showed that plasmatocytes and granulocytes engulfed fungal pathogens by phagocytosis. The most phagocytosis occurred 30 and 60 min after injection but nodulation occurred in 3 and 6 hours, in all treatments. The total hemocyte count (THC) and granulocyte, and plasmotocyte numbers increased after the injection of spores. Phenoloxidase activity was determined in the presence of L-DOPA (L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine), as a substrate in intervals, after injection of fungal spores, and latex beads. These studies demonstrated that B. bassiana is a promising candidate for biological control of H. cunea.

Compatibility of the Entomopathogenic Fungus Beauveria bassiana with Some Fungicides Used in California Strawberry

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surendra K. Dara
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Yellow Mealworm ◽  
Modes Of Action ◽  
Arthropod Pests ◽  
Presence And Absence ◽  
Fungus Beauveria Bassiana

Background: Entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana is pathogenic to several arthropod pests of strawberry in California and an important part of integrated pest management choices. However, fungicides applied for managing foliar and fruit diseases could interfere with the efficacy of B. bassiana. Objective: To determine the compatibility of some commonly used fungicides in strawberry with B. bassiana. Method: Laboratory assays were conducted using the larvae of the yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor. Mortality and infection caused by B. bassiana in T. molitor was compared in the presence and absence of seven fungicides that have different modes of action. Result: Mortality T. molitor larvaedue to B. bassiana was significantly affected in the presence of fungicides, myclobutanil (Rally) and captan (Captan). A significant reduction in the infection also occurred in the presence of captan, myclobutanil, and sulfur (Microthiol Disperss). Fenhexamid (Elevate) and pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pristine) were the most compatible fungicides. Conclusion: Using certain fungicides with B. bassiana can be detrimental to the efficacy of the latter. However, certain fungicides are compatible with B. bassiana. These results help identify appropriate fungicides to be used when B. bassiana is applied for pest management.

scholarly journals Management of the Egyptian alfalfa weevil, Hypera brunneipennis (Boheman) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in the alfalfa, Medicago sativa L., using the entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monir M. M. El Husseini
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Larval Population ◽  
Alfalfa Weevil ◽  
Alfalfa Field ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Hypera Brunneipennis ◽  
Fungus Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Sweep Net

AbstractLarval and adult populations of the Egyptian alfalfa weevil (EAW) Hypera brunneipennis (Boheman) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) was monitored after application of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana in the alfalfa field (Medicago sativa L.) in two successive seasons 2014/2015 and 2015/2016. The second and last generation of the weevil on April 10, 2016, was controlled by only one application with the conidiospores of the entomopathogenic fungus B. bassiana (3 × 108 spores/ml). Accordingly, the larval population decreased from 16.07 ± 1.09 in season 2015/2016 to 7.37 ± 0.05 individuals/50 sweep net double strokes in season 2016/2017. Also, the adult weevil’s population decreased from 5.66 ± 0.8 to 2.55 ± 0.6 individuals/50 sweep net double strokes in the two seasons, respectively. 39.66% mortality rate was recorded in the Hypera brunneipennis adults aestivated under loose bark of the surrounding eucalyptus trees, which received the application of B. bassiana in the field. Another application with the fungus, targeting the second generation of the pest adults in alfalfa each season, will undoubtedly lead to a further decrease in the pest population.

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